Triage Basic Principles Stay Assess the Obtain to treat the victim Try to determine what happened Practice ID: 780264
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Slide1
Responding to Emergencies
Triage
Slide2Basic Principles
Stay __________________
Assess the ___________________
_____________________________
Obtain ____________________ to treat the victimTry to determine what happenedPractice ___________________________________
Slide3Basic principles
Enlist help of __________________
_____________________ the victim
________________________________________________________________________________________
Don’t give the victim anything to _______________
Don’t discuss the victim’s ____________________ with observers at the scene
Slide4Good Samaritan law
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Slide5triage
Process of deciding which victims should be treated first based ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Slide6Triage
In a ____________________________ you can’t commit to “one-on-one” care
You have to be quickly assess the victims – _________ sec or less per patient
Very limited treatment is provided:
_____________________________________________ with finger sweep_____________________________________________________________
Slide7Primary and Secondary Triage
Primary triage
- 1st contact-________________________________________________________________________
Secondary triage
- ________________ process that takes place after the patient has been moved to a treatment/holding area awaiting transport.
Slide8triage
Triage separates the injured into 4 groups:
_______________________________
(critical patient)
_______________________________ (serious patient that could wait until all reds have been transported )_________________ (ambulatory; minor injuries)
______________________________ (expectant)
Slide94 things to think about…
Ability to _______________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
Slide10BEGIn….
Clear out all __________________________ victims
ask for victims who can hear you and are able to walk, to walk toward you
Once they walk toward you – designate a place for them to go & have someone tag them
___________________Rest of the patients require MORE triage –
3 steps, assess:
________ (respiratory effort)
________
(pulses/perfusion)
________
(mental)
They will be tagged
red
,
yellow
, or
black
Slide11If victim is not breathing– _______________________________
If they start breathing = tag
__________________
If they don’t start breathing = tag
_______________________If victim is breathing >________ or <_______= tag _________
If victim is breathing normal ________________ = go to step 2
Step 1: Respiratory Effort
Primary and Secondary
Triage
Primary triage
1
st
contact
Assign triage category
Secondary triage
ongoing process that takes place after
the patient has been moved to a
treatment/holding area
awaiting
transport.
The “START” System of Triage
Simple Triage and Rapid
Treatment
(
START
)
The method was developed in 1983 by
the staff members of the Newport Beach
Fire Department located at Hoag
Memorial Hospital in Newport Beach, CA
Easy to use
Focus is on signs/symptoms
Fast
START –
4 things to think about
...
Ability to
follow directions and walk
R
espiratory effort
P
ulses/perfusion
M
ental status
The “START” System of Triage
using START Triage, evaluate victims
and assign them to one of the
following four categories:
Walking wounded/minor (green)
Delayed (yellow)
Immediate (red)
Deceased/expectant (black)
OUR POLICY
“START”
Focus on tagging the patients
BEGIN...
Clear out all
ambulatory patients
–tag
Green
Rest of the patients require MORE triage –
3 steps: They will be either red, yellow or
black.
R
espiratory effort
P
ulses/perfusion
M
ental status
The
“Greens”
Once they walk toward you –
designate a place for them to go
Someone needs to tag them green
Someone needs to stay with them &
keep them informed
Something To Think About....
Keep in mind that in a larger scale event,
patients may be spread out over a large
area or even on several floors or rooms in a
building.
In this type of situation, you may encounter
further ambulatory patients as you
progress. They are still tagged green –
direct them to the area that you selected
for the “greens” to stage.
START –
Step 1
Respiratory Effort
Not breathing
– manually open their
airway
If they start breathing - tag
RED
If they don’t start breathing – tag
BLACK
Breathing
>30 or <10 = tag
RED
Breathing normal 10-30 =
go to next
step
Slide12Step 2: pulses/perfusion
Check for
_________________________
pulse or capillary refill
If radial pulse _____________ or cap refill >2 seconds = tag ____________If radial pulse _____________ or cap refill < 2 seconds = go to step 3
Slide13Step 3: mental status
Assess whether or not the victim can follow a simple _______________________, say to the victim: “Squeeze my hand”
If the victim
can
follow a simple command = tag _________________________If the victim cannot follow a simple command = tag _______________________
Slide14Treatment area
Patients should be separated as tagged
Slide15morgue
Tagged _______________________
Establish an area away from other patients
It should be a secure area away from on-lookers, media, etc.
Accessible for you and coroner staff
Slide16