Kalicki Heli J Roy RD PhD Pennington Biomedical Research Center Key thoughts Several large studies show that alcohol consumption results in a Ushaped curve Both abstainers and heavy drinkers have ID: 747946
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Slide1
Alcohol and your heart
Beth A.
Kalicki
Heli
J. Roy, RD, PhD
Pennington Biomedical Research CenterSlide2
Key thoughts
Several
large
studies show that alcohol consumption results in a U-shaped curve. Both abstainers and heavy drinkers have higher mortality than moderate drinkers. Heavy drinking can result in deleterious effects such as cirrhosis of the liver, increased rates of cancer and accidents. Those that consume no or little alcohol, are at a higher risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease
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Key thoughts
Alcohol has both good and bad effects.
It can have good effects at small intake levels.
High intake can quickly lead to very harmful effects.
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Relative Risk of Mortality
Drinks/weekSlide4
Alcohol consumption and relative risk of death from heart disease and cancer
With increased alcohol consumption, the relative risk of mortality increases for cancer (red)
vs
heart disease (blue).
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Drinks/day
Relative risk of mortalitySlide5
Recommendations
Due to the U-shaped curve, the recommendations
for alcohol
intake are:Women – no more than 1 drink a day.Men – no more than 2 drinks a day. This recognizes the fact that alcohol has some protective effect on cardiovascular disease, but the risk for other diseases increases quickly with increased consumption. 3/12/2010
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Alcohol serving sizes
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Increases HDL (good) cholesterol (~ 12%)
Resveratrol
– prevents stickiness of platelets
Decreases risk of a heart attackReduces risk of diabetesReduces risk of heart diseaseLowers risk of dementiaMay prevent silent strokesBenefits of moderate alcohol consumption
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Inhibits the constriction of the coronary arteries
limits clot formation
decreases levels of
homocysteineLowers rate of obesity
Benefits of moderate alcohol consumption
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There is a
change in biological markers
for
coronary heart disease. Alcohol increased concentrations of high density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein A I, and triglyceride.A survey of research shows that an intake of 30 g of alcohol a day (two drinks) would
cause an estimated reduction of 24.7% in risk of coronary heart
disease. Alcohol intake
lowers the
risk of coronary heart disease through changes in
blood lipids
and
blood flow
factors.
BMJ
1999;319:1523-1528
Benefits of moderate alcohol consumption
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Men
reduced risk of heart attack and heart disease
Women
decreased
risk of
death from cardiovascular disease
Benefits of moderate alcohol consumption
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Pattern of alcohol consumption is important
Small amount daily is associated with better health and increased longevity
Consuming seven to fourteen drinks once a week is associated with negative health (binge drinking).
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> 3 drinks = direct toxic effect on the heart
High intake of alcohol results in
high blood pressure
high triglyceride levelscongestive heart failure alcoholic cardiomyopathy (enlarged and diseased heart) increased incidence of heart disease and stroke
Harmful effects of alcohol
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Binge drinking = more than 3 or 4 drinks in a short
time.
Increases risk of:
atrial fibrillation cardiac arrhythmia (irregular heart beat)Binge Drinking3/12/2010
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Can lead to:
weakening of heart muscle
hemorrhagic stroke
cirrhosis of the liver pancreatitis certain cancers trauma
suicide
homicide
Excessive alcohol intake
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Excessive alcohol intake
Long term excessive alcohol
use:
irreversible brain damage impaired thinking unsteady walkslowed speechThese results are irreversible even if a person discontinues alcohol consumption.
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The American Heart Association recommends
that you do not consume alcohol if you have:
Personal or strong family history of alcoholism.
Uncontrolled high blood pressureHigh blood triglyceride levelsPancreatitis
Liver disease
Porphyria
Heart Failure
Pregnancy
Are using medications that can have adverse reactions with alcohol.
When not to consume alcohol
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The American Heart Association recommends traditional methods for preventing heart disease. These include:
Consuming a healthy diet
Exercising
Controlling blood cholesterolRemaining a healthy weightControlling blood pressure within normal ranges
Recommendations by the American Heart Association
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Normal Heart vs. Alcoholic Heart
The Enlarged Heart of an Alcoholic
A Normal Size Human Heart
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Pennington Biomedical Research Center
Authors:
Beth A. Kalicki
Heli J. Roy, RD, PhD
Division of Education
Phillip Brantley, PhD, Director
Pennington Biomedical Research Center
Steven
Heymsfield
, MD,
Executive Director
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About Pennington
The Pennington Biomedical Research Center is a world-renowned nutrition research center.
Mission:
To promote healthier lives through research and education in nutrition and preventive medicine.
The Pennington Center has several research areas, including:
Clinical Obesity Research
Experimental Obesity
Functional Foods
Health and Performance Enhancement
Nutrition and Chronic Diseases
Nutrition and the Brain
Dementia, Alzheimer’s and healthy aging
Diet, exercise, weight loss and weight loss maintenance
The research fostered in these areas can have a profound impact on healthy living and on the prevention of common chronic diseases, such as heart disease, cancer, diabetes, hypertension and osteoporosis.
The Division of Education provides education and information to the scientific community and the public about research findings, training programs and research areas, and coordinates educational events for the public on various health issues.
We invite people of all ages and backgrounds to participate in the exciting research studies being conducted at the Pennington Center in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. If you would like to take part, visit the clinical trials web page at www.pbrc.edu or call (225) 763-3000.
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References
American Heart Association. (2009). Alcohol, Wine, and Cardiovascular Disease.
Alcohol Cardiovascular Disease
. Retrieved August 12, 2009, fromhttp://www.americanheart.org/
print_presenter.jhtml?identifier=4422Johns Hopkins Medicine. (2005). Alcohol and Heart Attacks: Does a Drink a Day Lower Your Risk?
Health Alerts
. Retrieved August 12, 2009, from http://www.johnshopkinshealthalerts.com/reports/
heart_health
/265-1.html?type=
pf
Women’s Heart Foundation. (2007). Alcohol and Heart Disease.
Heart Disease.
Retrieved August 12, 2009, from
http://www.womensheart.com/content/HeartDisease/
alcohol_and_heart_disease.asp
Breslow
, R.A., and Smothers, B.A. Drinking pattern and body mass index in never smokers: National Health Survey, 1997-2001.
American Journal of Epidemiology
, 2005,
161(4)
, 368-376.
Liu B, et al "Body mass index and risk of liver cirrhosis in middle aged UK women: prospective study"
BMJ
2010; DOI: 10.1136
Wall TL, Carr CG, and Ehlers
CL.Protective
Association of Genetic Variation in Alcohol
Dehydrogenase
With Alcohol Dependence in Native American Mission Indians .
Am J Psychiatry 160:41-46, January 2003
.
Forn-Frías C,
Sanchis
-Segura C.
The possible role of acetaldehyde in the brain damage caused by the chronic consumption of alcohol. Rev Neurol. 2003 Sep 1-15;37(5):485-93.
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. NIH. Alcohol Alert. No 72, July 2007.
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