Jefferson Ascendency A.P. U.S. History - PowerPoint Presentation

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Jefferson Ascendency

A.P. U.S. HistoryMr. KruegerSlide2

Contradictions?

William Jenson – an Englishman living in the US for 13 years encountered true Jefferson Republicans.They were: self – confident, assertive, blatantly racist, and never to be delegated to low states.

Negatives to Jeffersonian thought was those who spoke of equal opportunity and liberty often owned slaves.Slide3

Regional Identities

Began to form strong regional identities

South , New England, West

Improved Transportation (internal improvement) allows geographic expansion

Canals, Waterways, roads

No trains yet…Slide4

Western Conquest

After the Revolution, many journeyed west and “squatted” – claimed land by living on it.

Waterways are essential transportation

New States and territories join the Union

Western folkways emerge

Western Heroes

Daniel Boone – fur trader – Native American Fighter

Mike Fink –

Keelboatman

of the Mississippi RiverSlide5

Native Americans

Ravages on the frontier:

Disease

Lack of unity

Selling huge tracks of land for whiskey and trinkets

Shawnee leaders were disgusted by the sales

Tecumseh – attempted to revitalize native culture

Settlers felt this was a threat – crushed his thoughts of cultural renaissance

Jefferson talked of creating a vast reservation west of the AppalachiansSlide6

Tecumseh

http://www.edwindearborn.com/tecumseh-poem-a-quote-to-live-by/Slide7

Commercial Capitalism

Pre 1810 – America was directly involved in AgricultureAgricultural fairs economically important

Merchant Marine was important for shipping

During Jeffersonian Democracy – cities functioned as depots for international tradeSlide8

Republican Ascendancy

Jefferson ran for office to:

Reduce the size of the Federal Government

Repeal the Alien and Sedition Acts

Maintain international peace

Had close ties with congress

Carefully selected the members of his cabinet

James Madison – Sec. of State

Albert Gallatin – Sec. of Treasury – understood federal budget

TJ Reforms

Top priority was cutting the national debt – nat. debt was dangerous to republican institutions

Must repeal direct taxes – whiskey taxSlide9

Republican Ascendancy

Gallatin linked federal income to commerce – as long as commerce flourished, the nation had revenue

Ordered substantial cuts in national budget

Jefferson closed some embassies in Europe and cut military spending

He believed this would foster peace

State militias could protect the country

Some federalists resign – would not bow to the commons.Slide10
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Louisiana Purchase

Jefferson thought Spain would sell Louisiana and Florida to the US, and he was prepared to use force.

1801 – Spain transferred title to France

Napoleon was intent on reestablishing his empire in North America

Ended Haiti rebellion through military might

From here, he could occupy New Orleans and close the Mississippi River

Potential War

Jefferson hopes they can purchase the city, sends James Monroe to join American minister Robert Livingston in Paris.

When Monroe arrived, Napoleon already gave up on American Empire, his troops fell to tropical diseases (30,000 died)

Napoleon announced “Damn sugar, Damn coffee, Damn colonies”

He renounced LouisianaSlide12
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Louisiana Purchase

Talleyrand (French Minister) offered Louisiana Territory for $15 million – it would double the size of the US

Jefferson did not know if he had constitutional power to acquire territory, but he rushed it to the senate to ratify it.

Recommended a traditional government consisting of appointed officials

Bill barely passed the House of Reps. Opposition from his own party because it imposed taxes without the citizens of Louisiana’s consent.

Some called it complete despotism, and it was contrary to Republican principlesSlide14

Additional Topics

Barbary WarSlave TradeEmbargo Act

War Hawks

Hartford Convention

Treaty

of Ghent