Purpose was to raise revenue New taxes on imports such as molasses from the West Indies Dealing with Tax Collectors Library of Congress The Quartering Act of 1765 This act required colonists to house and feed the British soldiers who were placed in the colonies most particularly in the tow ID: 599918
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Slide1
Sugar Act of 1764
Purpose was to raise revenueNew taxes on imports such as molasses from the West Indies
Dealing with Tax Collectors -
Library of CongressSlide2
The Quartering Act of 1765
This act required colonists to house and feed the British soldiers who were placed in the colonies, most particularly in the towns and cities.
Angry colonist’s reaction to the Quartering Act decreeSlide3
The Stamp Act of 1765
This was Parliament’s first
serious attempt to assert governmental authority over the coloniesApplied stamp duties on items such as paper, licenses, playing cards, newspapers, or any other items written or printed on paperColonial protest led to representatives in nine colonies meeting in New York to form the Stamp Act Congress (resolved that only elected representatives had authority to tax, agreed to boycott
british
goods)
Sons and Daughters of Liberty step up radical attacks on tax agents (tar and feather, ransack houses of unpopular officials
Stamp from the Stamp ActSlide4
“no taxation without representation”Slide5
The Second Phase of the Crisis, 1767-1773
Parliament voted to repeal the Stamp ActColonists rejoiced, but passed the Declaratory Act (1766)This act asserted that Parliament had the right to tax and make laws for the colonies “in all cases whatsoever”
This would lead to renewed misunderstanding and conflict between American colonists and the British governmentSlide6
The Townshend Acts 1767
Taxes on glass, paint, oil, lead, paper, and tea were appliedTea was drunk in huge amountsRevenue from taxes was to be used to pay salaries of royal governors and judges in America
Charles Townshend spearheaded the Townshend Acts, but died before their detrimental effects became apparent.Slide7
Boston Massacre
Britain brought to regiments of troops to Boston help keep orderMarch 5,1770 group of 60 townspeople protested the troopsSoldiers opened fire, killed/wounded 11 citizens
Only two soldiers found guilty of manslaughter and were branded on the hand
Guards firing on crowd of colonist that later were proclaimed to be “unarmed” men and boys. Five people were killed including an African-American Crispus Attucks(first one killed, and a leader of the mobSlide8
Renewal of Conflict
Samuel Adams and a few other Americans kept alive the view that British officials were conspiring against colonial libertiesAdams and others established Committees of Correspondence that would regularly exchange letters about suspicious or threatening British activities
Led to creation of intercolonial committees of correspondence where colonies exchanged ideas and information between each otherSlide9
The Boston Tea Party
Boston Tea Party-Tea Act of 1773 (Monopoly given to East India Company)-Made it cheaper to buy tea from them than the smuggled Dutch tea
-December 16, 1773: Colonists boarded British ships and dumped 342 chests of tea into the harbor-this led England to pass the “Intolerable Acts”
Boston Tea PartySlide10
Intolerable Acts (1774)
-Boston Port Act (closed Boston Port until damage was paid and order restored)-Massachusetts Government Act (shut down the Massachusetts legislature)and forbid town meetings)
-Quartering Act of 1774 (required further housing and feeding of troops)-Quebec Act (established laws for regulating Quebec, guaranteed free practice of Catholic faith, took over lands in western areas)
-Administration of Justice Act (changed trial venues for officials charged with crimes)
The colonists viewed the Quebec Act as a direct attack on the American colonies because it took away lands that they claimed along the Ohio River. Colonists felt “forced” to accept these new British regulations Slide11
The First Continental Congress
September 5, 1774All but Georgia were represented51 delegates
Considered ways of redressing colonial grievancesSent petition to British government (king rejected)Adopted COMPLETE boycott of british
goods (nonimportation,
nonexportation
,
nonconsumption
Did not seek independence
If colonial rights were not recognized, a final measure called for a second meeting (Second Congress May 1775)
“Meeting”- The First Continental CongressSlide12
The King’s Government Responds
The King dismissed the petitionDeclared Massachusetts to be in a state of rebellion
Sent additional troops to deal with disorderThe combination of colonial defiance and British determination led to violent clashes in MassachusettsThese clashes proved to be the first battles of the American Revolution
King George III refused to receive the petitionSlide13
The First Shots of the American Revolution
Lexington and ConcordApril 19, 1775
british soldiers sent to Boston to seize a store of gunpowder and arrest “rebel” ringleaderscolonial “minute men” did not disperse quick enough and british opened fire
First Shots fired at Lexington
8 Americans Killed
-Continuing their march, the British entered Concord, where they destroyed some military supplies. On the return to Boston, the long column of British soldiers were attacked by hundreds of militiamen behind stone walls. (British suffered 250 casualties)