QW Prior Knowledge What do you know assume remember or imagine about the Classical Argument Based on this name and some of the things weve been discussing what do you think it MIGHT involve ID: 583452
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "The Classical Model for Argumentation" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
The Classical Model for ArgumentationSlide2
QW: Prior Knowledge
What do you know, assume, remember, or imagine about the
Classical Argument
? Based on this name and some of the things we’ve been discussing, what do you think it MIGHT involve?Slide3
Organization
Classical rhetoricians call this
arrangement
since you must consider how your essay and its individual paragraphs or sections are arranged
The essay always has a beginning, middle, and an end: introduction, developmental paragraphs, and conclusion
How a writer structures the argument depends upon his or her
intended purpose and effect
.Slide4
SO….What is the intended purpose of your research paper?
And…how do you think you will go about presenting your argument? What do you suppose is the first step? Second?Slide5
The Classical Model of Argument
Devised by Greek and Roman rhetoricians two thousand years ago…
Hang on…what’s a
rhetorician
?
What’s
rhertoric
?
Rhetoric
is the study of how language & its elements are used for different effects/purposes. It’s the art of effective speaking & writing.
When might they have used it?
For presenting cases in courts or making speeches to a senate
Who else might use rhetoric and a structured argument? Who might use these strategies
today
?Slide6
The Classical Model of Argument
Classical structure has 5 parts:
each part does NOT represent one paragraph
Each part can have any number of paragraphs
depending on how much information the author needs to presentSlide7
Exordium (
The Introduction
)
Writer tries to win the attention and goodwill of the audience while introducing a subject or problem
Draws the audience into the text by piquing their interest, challenging them, or otherwise getting their attention BUT it will avoid cliché and rhetorical questions, just like always!Slide8
Exordium (
continued
)
In your intro ¶’s, you will need to establish what is called
exigency
, which means
urgency of the topic
. Why does this issue need to be addressed now? Why’s it a hot topic?
It will state your position on the issue in the thesis statement
at the end of the ¶.
Slide9
Narratio (The Narration)
aka, the story so far…
This section puts the argument in
context and gives a bit of a HISTORY OF THE ISSUE.
To give this context, the writer presents the facts of the case, explaining what has happened, who is involved, etc.
Provides
factual information and background material
on the subject at hand OR establishes why the subject is a problem that needs addressing today, based on the story of the issue so far.Slide10
Narratio (The Narration)
aka, the story so far…
Level of details provided here will depend on the YOUR knowledge of the subject, so as to provide a solid context for your audience…
so I hope you have enough information from your research/ notecards to provide good background
.
These paragraphs are basically still setting up the argument by providing your audience with an understanding of
how we got to where we are today w/the issue.Slide11
Confirmatio (The Confirmation)
Usually the major part of your essay w/many ¶’s
Writer offers
detailed
support for the claim, using both logical reason and factual evidence
Contains the most specific and concrete details in the text
strong appeal to logos (logic/facts)Slide12
Confirmatio (The Confirmation)
This section DOES
NOT
JUST LIST DATA/QUOTES.
It is organized by reasons or points you are making. And then those reasons (TS’s) are supported with evidence (quotes) w/in the ¶.
You will have multiple reasons, and each ¶ will have multiple quotes in it, all of which support that idea/reason/point/TS. Slide13
Refutario (The Refutation)
Writer acknowledges and then refutes opposing claims or evidence
The refutation addresses the
counterargument,
which is in many ways a bridge between the writer’s proof and conclusion.
Slide14
Refutario (The Refutation
)
You have to address the opposing argument
before
you
skillfully
shoot it down.
You will have to prove why their side is not the best choice through
reasons
supported by evidence. That means you need quotes.
This is the 2
nd
to last thing you do right before …
Slide15
Peroratio (The Conclusion!
)
Writer summarizes (briefly!) the case and moves the audience to action
Brings all the author’s ideas together and answers the question:
so what
?
Call to action
Solution
The greater importance of this topic for societySlide16
LET’S SEE SOME EXAMPLES!