attrition oblivious circumvent reticent cohesive robust grievous sanction inundate vociferous TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the ID: 701068
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Unit Two: Chapter 8 •" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Unit Two: Chapter 8
• attrition • oblivious• circumvent • reticent• cohesive • robust• grievous • sanction• inundate • vociferousSlide2
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
1
attrition
Attrition
meansA. an increase in numbers.B. a natural loss of individuals.C. ill health.
• Sports teams are constantly looking for new talent to replace players lost through attrition—those who retire, quit because of injuries, and so on.• Colleges try not to have a high rate of attrition. They want students to stay until graduation, rather than drop out early.
– nounSlide3
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
Attrition
means
A.
an increase in numbers.
B.
a natural loss of individuals.C. ill health.
• Sports teams are constantly looking for new talent to replace players lost through attrition—those who retire, quit because of injuries, and so on.• Colleges try not to have a high rate of attrition. They want students to stay until graduation, rather than drop out early.
Retiring and quitting because of injuries are two examples of a natural loss of individuals from sports teams. In the second item, the words drop out early suggest that attrition means “a natural loss of individuals.”
1
attrition
–
nounSlide4
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
2
circumvent
–
verbCircumvent meansA. to avoid. B. to meet head-on. C.
to make smaller. • If we take this roundabout route, we can circumvent the rush-hour traffic and get home early.• I had to swerve to the right to circumvent
a huge pothole.
Number 28
circumventing
his opponents
Photo: James E. Foehl/U.S. NavySlide5
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
Circumvent
means
A.
to avoid.
B. to meet head-on. C. to make smaller.
• If we take this roundabout route, we can circumvent the rush-hour traffic and get home early.•
I had to swerve to the right to circumvent a huge pothole.Taking a roundabout route would be a way to avoid
the rush-hour traffic. Swerving would be a way to avoid hitting a pothole.
2 circumvent
–
verb
Number 28
circumventing
his opponents
Photo: James E. Foehl/U.S. NavySlide6
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
3
cohesive
•
For a cohesive pie dough, one that doesn’t fall apart, be sure to add enough liquid.• A family needs to be cohesive—to stay together even when stresses and strains threaten to tear it apart.–
adjectiveCohesive meansA. connected. B. popular.
C. large. Slide7
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
•
For a
cohesive
pie dough, one that doesn’t fall apart, be sure to add enough liquid.• A family needs to be cohesive—to stay together even when stresses and strains threaten to tear it apart.
Cohesive meansA. connected.
B. popular. C. large. A pie dough that doesn’t fall apart is one that is connected or sticks together. In the second item, the words
stay together suggest that cohesive means “connected.”
3 cohesive
–
adjectiveSlide8
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
•
The death of a beloved pet is a
grievous
loss for a child.• The assassination of a great leader, such as Mahatma Gandhi or Martin Luther King, Jr., often does grievous harm to a society.
4 grievous
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
Grievous meansA. preventable. B. unavoidable. C. terrible.
– adjectiveSlide9
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
• The death of a beloved pet is a grievous loss for a child.
•
The assassination of a great leader, such as Mahatma Gandhi or Martin Luther King, Jr., often does
grievous harm to a society.
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
Grievous means
A. preventable. B. unavoidable. C. terrible. The death of a beloved pet is a terrible loss. The assassination of a great leader can do
terrible harm to a society.
4 grievous
–
adjectiveSlide10
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
Inundate
means
A.
to flood. B. to strengthen. C. to go around.
5 inundate–
verb• During the heavy rains, the river overflowed and inundated the fields, destroying all the crops.• After his brief announcement at the beginning of the press conference, the President was
inundated with questions from reporters.
“I’m so
inundated
with paperwork
that I can’t even find my desk!”Slide11
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
Inundate
means
A.
to flood.
B. to strengthen. C. to go around.
• During the heavy rains, the river overflowed and inundated the fields, destroying all the crops.•
After his brief announcement at the beginning of the press conference, the President was inundated with questions from reporters.If the river overflowed, it would
flood the surrounding fields. Reporters at a press conference tend to flood the President with questions. “I’m so inundated with paperwork that I can’t even find my desk!”
5
inundate
–
verbSlide12
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
Oblivious
means
A.
angry about. B. not noticing. C. overwhelmed by.
• The driver continued into the intersection, apparently oblivious to the fact that the light had turned red.• It’s easy to spot two people in love. They are the ones who, oblivious to everyone else present, see only each other.
6 oblivious
– adjectiveSlide13
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
Oblivious
means
A.
angry about.
B. not noticing. C. overwhelmed by.
• The driver continued into the intersection, apparently oblivious to the fact that the light had turned red.•
It’s easy to spot two people in love. They are the ones who, oblivious to everyone else present, see only each other.Since the drive went through the red light, he seems not
to have noticed the light. If the two people see only each other, they are not noticing the other people around them.
6 oblivious
–
adjectiveSlide14
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
Reticent
means
A.
dishonest. B. quiet. C. unaware.
• Lamar is very reticent about his first marriage; he never talks about his former wife or what led to their divorce.• It’s odd that many people who love to gossip about someone else are so reticent about their own lives.
7 reticent
– adjectiveSlide15
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
Reticent
means
A.
dishonest.
B. quiet. C. unaware.
• Lamar is very reticent about his first marriage; he never talks about his former wife or what led to their divorce.•
It’s odd that many people who love to gossip about someone else are so reticent about their own lives.The words never talks about
suggest that Lamar is quiet about his first marriage. In the second item, gossiping about others is contrasted with being quiet about their own lives.
7 reticent
–
adjectiveSlide16
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
Robust
means
A.
very noisy. B. sickly. C. strong and well.
• Once an energetic, robust man, Mr. Rand has been considerably weakened by illness.• A number of weightlifters who were previously robust have ruined their health and vigor by taking steroids.
8 robust
– adjectiveSlide17
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
Robust
means
A.
very noisy.
B. sickly. C. strong and well.
• Once an energetic, robust man, Mr. Rand has been considerably weakened by illness.•
A number of weightlifters who were previously robust have ruined their health and vigor by taking steroids.In contrast with being weakened by illness, Mr. Rand used to be energetic, strong, and well
. If the weightlifters have ruined their health and vigor, they must have previously been strong and well.
8 robust
–
adjectiveSlide18
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
Sanction
means
A.
to grant approval of.B. to criticize severely. C. to remember.
• By greeting the dictator with extreme courtesy and fanfare, the ambassador seemed to sanction his policies.• Many people whose children attend religious schools would like the government to sanction the use of public funds to help pay for their education.
9 sanction
– verbSlide19
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
Sanction
means
A.
to grant approval of.
B. to criticize severely. C. to remember.
• By greeting the dictator with extreme courtesy and fanfare, the ambassador seemed to sanction his policies.
• Many people whose children attend religious schools would like the government to sanction the use of public funds to help pay for their education.Since the ambassador was so extreme in his greeting, he seemed as if he was
granting approval of the dictator’s policies. Parents of children in religious schools would like the government to grant approval of the use of public funds to support those schools.
9 sanction
–
verbSlide20
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
Vociferous
means
A.
distant. B. mild. C. loud.
10 vociferous
• When male loons sense that their territory is being invaded, they give vociferous cries of challenge.• The principal became angry and vociferous, shouting at students who tried to sneak out of the fire drill.
– adjectiveSlide21
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
Vociferous
means
A.
distant. B. mild. C. loud.
• When male loons sense that their territory is being invaded, they give vociferous cries of challenge.
• The principal became angry and vociferous, shouting at students who tried to sneak out of the fire drill.In order to protect his territory, the male loon challenges an intruder with loud
cries. If the principal shouted at the students, he became loud.
10 vociferous
–
adjectiveSlide22
SENTENCE CHECK 1
1. The chatty, slow-moving clerk at the checkout counter seemed __________ to the fact that the line of impatient customers was growing longer and longer.
2.
A quiet, polite discussion may be better than a(n) _______ argument, but some people get more satisfaction out of yelling and shouting.
Complete each item with the correct word from the box.
A.
attrition
B.
circumvent C. cohesive
D. grievous
E. inundate
F.
oblivious
G.
reticent
H.
robust
I.
sanction
J.
vociferous Slide23
SENTENCE CHECK 1
1. The chatty, slow-moving clerk at the checkout counter seemed __________ to the fact that the line of impatient customers was growing longer and longer.
2.
A quiet, polite discussion may be better than a __________ argument, but some people get more satisfaction out of yelling and shouting.
Complete each item with the correct word from the box.
A.
attrition
B.
circumvent C. cohesive
D. grievous
E. inundate
F.
oblivious
G.
reticent
H.
robust
I.
sanction
J.
vociferous
The clerk seems to be
unaware
that the line of customers is growing.
A quiet polite discussion is contrasted with a
noisy
argument.
oblivious
vociferousSlide24
3.
In many places, the law doesn’t __________ gambling— but the officials don’t do much to stop it, either.SENTENCE CHECK 1
4.
A half-hour of aerobic exercise every other day will help you stay __________.
5.
People sometimes do odd things to __________ regulations. In New York, when saloons were illegal, one owner called his place “O’Neal’s Baloon.”
Complete each item with the correct word from the box.
A.
attrition
B. circumvent C. cohesive
D. grievous
E.
inundate
F.
oblivious
G.
reticent
H.
robust
I.
sanction
J.
vociferous Slide25
3.
In many places, the law doesn’t __________ gambling— but the officials don’t do much to stop it, either.SENTENCE CHECK 1
4.
A half-hour of aerobic exercise every other day will help you stay __________.
5.
People sometimes do odd things to __________ regulations. In New York, when saloons were illegal, one owner called his place “O’Neal’s Baloon.”
Complete each item with the correct word from the box.
A.
attrition
B. circumvent C. cohesive
D. grievous
E.
inundate
F.
oblivious
G.
reticent
H.
robust
I.
sanction
J.
vociferous
sanction
robust
circumvent
In many places, the law doesn’t
allow
gambling.
Aerobic exercise will help you stay
healthy and strong
.
Calling a saloon a “baloon” was a way
to go around
the law. Slide26
6.
If you want your essay to be _________, stick to your point.SENTENCE CHECK 1
7.
Alzheimer’s disease is a disaster for the patient and a(n) _________ burden for the family.
Complete each item with the correct word from the box.
A.
attrition
B.
circumvent C. cohesive
D. grievous
E. inundate
F.
oblivious
G.
reticent
H.
robust
I.
sanction
J.
vociferous Slide27
6.
If you want your essay to be _________, stick to your point.SENTENCE CHECK 1
7.
Alzheimer’s disease is a disaster for the patient and a _________ burden for the family.
Complete each item with the correct word from the box.
A.
attrition
B.
circumvent C. cohesive
D. grievous
E. inundate
F.
oblivious
G.
reticent
H.
robust
I.
sanction
J.
vociferous
You have to stick to your point to make your essay
unified
.
Alzheimer’s disease is a
terrible
burden for the family of the patient.
cohesive
grievousSlide28
9.
The cutting down of the rain forests has caused a dangerous rate of _________ among species that live in those forests.
8.
Some days we’re ________(e)d with junk e-mail—it can take an hour to delete all the unwanted messages.
SENTENCE CHECK 1
Complete each item with the correct word from the box.
A.
attrition
B. circumvent C. cohesive
D. grievous
E. inundate
F.
oblivious
G.
reticent
H.
robust
I.
sanction
J.
vociferous
10.
Some people who could benefit from counseling avoid seeing a therapist because they prefer to be _________ about private matters.Slide29
9.
The cutting down of the rain forests has caused a dangerous rate of _________ among species that live in those forests.
10.
Some people who could benefit from counseling avoid seeing a therapist because they prefer to be _________ about private matters.
8.
Some days we’re ___________ with junk e-mail—it can take an hour to delete all the unwanted messages.
SENTENCE CHECK 1
Complete each item with the correct word from the box.
A.
attrition B. circumvent C. cohesive
D. grievous
E.
inundate
F.
oblivious
G.
reticent
H.
robust
I.
sanction
J.
vociferous
inundated
attrition
reticent
Since it takes an hour to delete the junk e-mail, they must be
flooded
with it.
Cutting down the rain forests would cause
a decrease in the number
of species that live in those forests.
People who avoid counseling may be
reluctant to speak
about private matters.