abstemious eclectic abstruse extraneous astute hardy aversion intractable diminutive soporific TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the ID: 570661
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Slide1
Unit Six: Chapter 26
•
abstemious
•
eclectic
•
abstruse
•
extraneous
•
astute
•
hardy
•
aversion
•
intractable
•
diminutive
•
soporificSlide2
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
–
adjective
• Kori is abstemious when it comes to chocolate. She rarely has any, and when she does, it’s never more than one or two small pieces.• We say that an abstemious person who eats very little “eats like a bird”—but in fact, birds eat almost all the time.
Abstemious meansA. self-indulgent. B. moderate in eating and drinking.C. sophisticated.
1 abstemiousSlide3
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
–
adjective
• Kori is abstemious when it comes to chocolate. She rarely has any, and when she does, it’s never more than one or two small pieces.• We say that an abstemious person who eats very little “eats like a bird”—but in fact, birds eat almost all the time.
Abstemious meansA. self-indulgent. B. moderate in eating and drinking.C.
sophisticated. 1
abstemious
Restricting herself to two small pieces (and no cocoa) shows she’s
moderate in eating and drinking
chocolate. “Eats very little” suggests that
abstemious
means “
moderate
in eating and
drinking
.” Slide4
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
2
abstruse– adjective• The scholarship winner was so bright that as a high-school freshman, she was already taking university-level courses in abstruse subjects, such as biochemistry and ancient Greek philosophy.
• The Swedish art film was too abstruse for me—it was full of symbols and references that I couldn’t understand.Abstruse meansA. hard to comprehend.
B. absurd. C. elementary.
Photo:
U.S. DOESlide5
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
2
abstruse– adjective• The scholarship winner was so bright that as a high-school freshman, she was already taking university-level courses in abstruse subjects, such as biochemistry and ancient Greek philosophy.
• The Swedish art film was too abstruse for me—it was full of symbols and references that I couldn’t understand.Abstruse meansA. hard to comprehend.
B. absurd. C.
elementary.
Biochemistry and ancient Greek philosophy are subjects most ninth-graders find
hard to comprehend
. If the speaker couldn’t understand the film, he or she found it
hard to comprehend
.
Photo:
U.S. DOESlide6
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
3
astute
– adjective• How kind of you to give me a sweater, and how astute of you to have noticed that sea-green is my favorite color!• If you were a little more
astute, you would have noticed that Betsy and Eli are not getting along well—they didn’t say a word to each other during dinner.Astute meansA. surprised. B. shrewdly observant.
C. courageous. Slide7
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
3
astute
– adjective• How kind of you to give me a sweater, and how astute of you to have noticed that sea-green is my favorite color!• If you were a little more
astute, you would have noticed that Betsy and Eli are not getting along well—they didn’t say a word to each other during dinner.Astute meansA. surprised. B. shrewdly observant.
C. courageous.
Only a
shrewdly observant
individual would notice the exact shade of color another person prefers
.
In the second item, the person must be less than
shrewdly
observant
if he or she didn’t notice that two people didn’t exchange a single word during dinner.Slide8
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
4
aversion– noun• Dad has such an aversion to answering machines that he hangs up as soon as he hears a recorded message.•
Denise has an aversion to dresses and skirts. She wears only pants.Aversion meansA. a strong distaste for. B. a strong preference for
. C. a knowledge of.
Photo:
U.S. Army - Larry JohnsSlide9
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
4
aversion– noun• Dad has such an aversion to answering machines that he hangs up as soon as he hears a recorded message.•
Denise has an aversion to dresses and skirts. She wears only pants.Aversion meansA. a strong distaste for. B. a strong
preference for. C. a knowledge of.
Photo:
U.S. Army - Larry Johns
Refusing to leave a message suggests
a strong distaste for
answering
machines.
Denise must have
a
strong distaste for
dresses and skirts if she never wears them.Slide10
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
5
diminutive– adjective• Kiran’s income last year seemed so diminutive that he assumed he wouldn’t have to pay taxes. He was wrong.•
When I saw a display of eighteenth-century costumes at the museum, I was surprised at their small size. Our ancestors must have been diminutive people!Diminutive meansA. impossible to measure. B.
sizable. C. little.
Photo:
Donaldson Brothers, Five Points, N.Y.Slide11
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
5
diminutive– adjective• Kiran’s income last year seemed so diminutive that he assumed he wouldn’t have to pay taxes. He was wrong.•
When I saw a display of eighteenth-century costumes at the museum, I was surprised at their small size. Our ancestors must have been diminutive people!Diminutive meansA. impossible to measure. B.
sizable. C. little.
Kiran’s income may have been small, but it wasn’t so
little
that he didn’t have to pay taxes
.
The word
small
suggests
diminutive
means “
little
.”
Photo:
Donaldson Brothers, Five Points, N.Y.Slide12
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
6
eclectic
– adjective• “We’re having an eclectic dinner tonight,” Kris announced. “First wonton soup, then Swedish meatballs, and then Pennsylvania Dutch shoofly pie for dessert!”•
The concert program was eclectic: the songs came from America, Germany, Italy, Spain, and Japan; and they included selections from musical comedy, grand opera, and children’s songs.Eclectic meansA. lacking in diversity. B.
varied. C. lengthy. Slide13
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
6
eclectic
– adjective• “We’re having an eclectic dinner tonight,” Kris announced. “First wonton soup, then Swedish meatballs, and then Pennsylvania Dutch shoofly pie for dessert!”•
The concert program was eclectic: the songs came from America, Germany, Italy, Spain, and Japan; and they included selections from musical comedy, grand opera, and children’s songs.Eclectic meansA. lacking in diversity. B.
varied. C. lengthy.
T
he dinner menu is quite
varied
since
each course comes from a different
culture. The concert program
is quite
varied
since the songs represent different countries and musical genres. Slide14
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
7
extraneous– adjective• If you want to tell a joke well, don’t include a lot of extraneous remarks, such as “OK, here comes the funny part” or “Wait, I didn’t tell that part right.”•
On the famous old TV show Dragnet, the detective, Sergeant Joe Friday, often said, “All we want are the facts, ma’am,” to prevent witnesses from wasting his time with extraneous comments and ideas.Extraneous meansA. unrelated.
B. excellent. C.
important.
Photo:
darwin Bell from San
FranciscoSlide15
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
7
extraneous– adjective• If you want to tell a joke well, don’t include a lot of extraneous remarks, such as “OK, here comes the funny part” or “Wait, I didn’t tell that part right.”•
On the famous old TV show Dragnet, the detective, Sergeant Joe Friday, often said, “All we want are the facts, ma’am,” to prevent witnesses from wasting his time with extraneous comments and ideas.Extraneous meansA. unrelated.
B. excellent. C.
important.
Photo:
darwin Bell from San
Francisco
In
the first item, the quoted remarks are
unrelated
to setting up a joke’s punch line.
The detective must think that a witness’s
comments and ideas are
unrelated
to solving a case if he sees them as a waste of his time. Slide16
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
8
hardy
– adjective• Although they are small, Shetland ponies are hardy, able to survive the long, cold winters of their native Shetland Islands.• Farm children had to be hardy
; they were expected to work long hours in the fields.Hardy meansA. healthy and sturdy. B. delicate.
C. hardhearted. Slide17
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
8
hardy
– adjective• Although they are small, Shetland ponies are hardy, able to survive the long, cold winters of their native Shetland Islands.• Farm children had to be hardy
; they were expected to work long hours in the fields.Hardy meansA. healthy and sturdy. B. delicate.
C. hardhearted.
Shetland ponies must be
healthy and sturdy
if they are able to survive long, cold winters
.
Farm children must have been
healthy and sturdy
if they
were able
to
work long hours in the fields. Slide18
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
9
intractable– adjective• Doria came home from her job at the daycare center looking worn out. “The kids were really intractable today,” she said. “We just couldn’t get them to calm down and behave.”
• Mules are notoriously intractable. You’ve probably heard the expression “as stubborn as a mule.”Intractable meansA. unclassifiable. B. uncontrollable.
C. unrecognizable.
Photo:
tn.govSlide19
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
9
intractable– adjective• Doria came home from her job at the daycare center looking worn out. “The kids were really intractable today,” she said. “We just couldn’t get them to calm down and behave.”
• Mules are notoriously intractable. You’ve probably heard the expression “as stubborn as a mule.”Intractable meansA. unclassifiable. B. uncontrollable.
C. unrecognizable.
Photo:
tn.gov
The kids must have been
uncontrollable
if the adults couldn’t get them to calm down and behave.
The
word
stubborn
suggests that mules can be
difficult to
manage or
uncontrollable
. Slide20
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
10
soporific– adjective• If you’re having trouble sleeping, try a glass of warm milk, which is supposed to be soporific.• Raquel plays tapes of soft, dreamy music in her baby’s room at naptime.
She hopes the music will have a soporific effect.Soporific meansA. causing anger. B. causing
excitement. C. causing drowsiness.
Photo:
Bertil VidetSlide21
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the
boldfaced
word.
10
soporific– adjective• If you’re having trouble sleeping, try a glass of warm milk, which is supposed to be soporific.• Raquel plays tapes of soft, dreamy music in her baby’s room at naptime.
She hopes the music will have a soporific effect.Soporific meansA. causing anger. B. causing
excitement. C. causing drowsiness.
Photo:
Bertil Videt
A person having trouble sleeping would want to drink something
causing drowsiness
. At a baby’s naptime, a parent would play music that
causes
drowsiness
. Slide22
SENTENCE CHECK 1
2.
At first, our puppy seemed
_________;
we couldn’t teach him to obey. But a professional trainer showed us how to control him with praise and rewards.
1. Many birds fly south in the winter, but some
_________ species, such as cardinals and chickadees, stay to add color and life to the cold northern landscape.Complete each item with the correct word from the box.
A. abstemious B. abstruse C. astuteD. aversionE.
diminutive
F. eclectic
G.
extraneous
H
.
hardy
I.
intractable
J.
soporificSlide23
SENTENCE CHECK 1
2.
At first, our puppy seemed
_________;
we couldn’t teach him to obey. But a professional trainer showed us how to control him with praise and rewards.
1. Many birds fly south in the winter, but some
_________ species, such as cardinals and chickadees, stay to add color and life to the cold northern landscape.Complete each item with the correct word from the box.
A. abstemious B. abstruse C. astuteD. aversionE.
diminutive
F. eclectic
G.
extraneous
H
.
hardy
I.
intractable
J.
soporific
The birds must be
tough
and
strong
to stay in a cold northern climate.
The puppy must have been
unruly
and
hard to control
if they couldn’t teach him to obey.
hardy
intractableSlide24
SENTENCE CHECK 1
Complete each item with the correct word from the box.
4.
When there’s a death in the family, parents shouldn’t try to hide it from
the kids
. Even young children can be _________ enough to see that something is wrong.
5. Grandmother was a(n) ________ woman, not even five feet tall, but she had the strength of a much larger person.3. Cho used to love olives, but once she ate so many of them that she got sick. Since then, she has had a real _________ to olives—she can’t even stand to look
at one, and nothing can induce° her to try them again.A. abstemious B. abstruse C. astute
D. aversion
E.
diminutive
F.
eclectic
G.
extraneous
H
.
hardy
I.
intractable
J.
soporificSlide25
SENTENCE CHECK 1
Complete each item with the correct word from the box.
4.
When there’s a death in the family, parents shouldn’t try to hide it from
the kids
. Even young children can be _________ enough to see that something is wrong.
5. Grandmother was a __________ woman, not even five feet tall, but she had the strength of a much larger person.3. Cho used to love olives, but once she ate so many of them that she got sick. Since then, she has had a real _________
to olives—she can’t even stand to look at one, and nothing can induce° her to try them again.A. abstemious B. abstruse C.
astuteD.
aversion
E.
diminutive
F.
eclectic
G.
extraneous
H
.
hardy
I.
intractable
J.
soporific
S
he must have
an intense dislike
for olives
if she can’t
stand
to look
at them.
C
hildren would have to be
perceptive
to see things their parents try to hide.
If she was less than five feet tall, Grandmother was a small woman—in fact,
extremely small
in comparison with her strength.
aversion
astute
diminutiveSlide26
SENTENCE CHECK 1
7
.
“You need to edit your report,” Ms. Hawkins told the student. “You’ve got some good, useful information here, as well as some incisive° ideas, but
they’re buried under paragraphs of _________ data.”
6. Our pastor wants to inspire people, but his sermons are so long and boring that they have a(n) _______ effect instead—all they inspire is a stupor°.Complete each item with the correct word from the box.
A. abstemious B. abstruse C. astute
D. aversion
E. diminutive
F.
eclectic
G.
extraneous
H
.
hardy
I.
intractable
J.
soporificSlide27
SENTENCE CHECK 1
7
.
“You need to edit your report,” Ms. Hawkins told the student. “You’ve got some good, useful information here, as well as some incisive° ideas, but
they’re buried under paragraphs of _________ data.”
6. Our pastor wants to inspire people, but his sermons are so long and boring that they have a _________ effect instead—all they inspire is a stupor°.Complete each item with the correct word from the box.
A. abstemious B. abstruse C. astute
D. aversion
E. diminutive
F.
eclectic
G.
extraneous
H
.
hardy
I.
intractable
J.
soporific
Long, boring sermons might
cause
some people
to fall asleep
.
To keep good ideas from getting lost in paragraphs of
irrelevant
data, the student needed to edit out any information
not essential
to the thesis.
soporific
extraneousSlide28
SENTENCE CHECK 1
Complete each item with the correct word from the box.
9
.
Trying to impress his intelligent new girlfriend, Al pretended to be reading books on _________ subjects such as quantum physics and chaos theory.
10. Joel is a great dinner guest because his interests are so _________; no matter what the topic is, he can talk about it intelligently and amusingly.8. Please be
__________ in using the Scotch tape—we’ve got only one roll to wrap all these presents.A. abstemious B. abstruse C
. astute
D. aversion
E.
diminutive
F.
eclectic
G.
extraneous
H
.
hardy
I.
intractable
J.
soporificSlide29
SENTENCE CHECK 1
Complete each item with the correct word from the box.
9
.
Trying to impress his intelligent new girlfriend, Al pretended to be reading books on _________ subjects such as quantum physics and chaos theory.
10. Joel is a great dinner guest because his interests are so _________; no matter what the topic is, he can talk about it intelligently and amusingly.8. Please be
__________ in using the Scotch tape—we’ve got only one roll to wrap all these presents.A. abstemious B. abstruse C
. astute
D. aversion
E.
diminutive
F.
eclectic
G.
extraneous
H
.
hardy
I.
intractable
J.
soporific
The person would need to
exercise restraint
in using the tape if one roll had to be sufficient to wrap a lot of presents.
Quantum physics and chaos theory are
difficult to understand
.
His interests must be
varied
and his knowledge must
come from many sources
if he can talk about any topic that happens to come up at dinner.
abstemious
abstruse
eclectic