Introduction Autonomic nervous system ANS A utomatic selfgoverning or involuntary No conscious control Divided into sympathetic alert system and parasympathetic nervous ID: 636700
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Slide1
Chapter 13
Autonomic Nervous System DrugsSlide2
Introduction
Autonomic
nervous system (
ANS)Automatic, self-governing, or involuntaryNo conscious controlDivided into sympathetic (alert system) and parasympathetic nervous system (resting and digesting system)Neurotransmitters: chemical substances released at nerve endings within these systems to transmit nerve impulses
2Slide3
Introduction (cont’d.)
Drugs that affect
function
of the autonomic nervous systemAdrenergics Adrenergic blockers Cholinergics Cholinergic blockers
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Introduction (cont’d.)
The following slides discuss various autonomic nervous system drugs
Refer to
the chapter for specific actions, uses, side effects, contraindications, cautions, and interactions of each
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Adrenergics
S
ympathetic
nervous system Emergency system used to mobilize the body for quick response and actionKey words: fright, fight, or flightWhat are adrenergics?Drugs that mimic the action of the sympathetic nervous system
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Adrenergic Blockers
Drugs that block the action of the sympathetic nervous system
Most commonly
used drugs in this category are the alpha- and beta-adrenergic blockers, or alpha-blockers and beta-blockersAlpha-adrenergic blockers are discussed in Chapters 15 and 25Prototype of the beta-adrenergic blockers is propranolol (Inderal)
6Slide7
Cholinergics
What do parasympathetic
nerve fibers
do?Synthesize and liberate acetylcholine as the mediatorWhat are cholinergics? Drugs that mimic the action of the parasympathetic nervous system
7Slide8
Cholinergic Blockers
What are cholinergic blockers?
Drugs
that block the action of the parasympathetic nervous systemAlso called parasympatholyticCommon use of anticholinergics is scopolamine transdermal patches Treat or prevent sea-sickness by decreasing gastric secretions and motility
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Cholinergic Blockers (cont’d.)
Anticholinergics
are most
commonly used as preoperative medications Atropine and glycopyrrolate (Robinul)Reduce secretions of the mouth, pharynx, bronchi, and GI tract and reduce gastric activityUsed to prevent cholinergic effects during surgery, such as hypotension or bradycardia and some cardiac arrhythmias associated with general anesthetics or vagal stimulation
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