Dr.Ali. AL-. Hiyali. BDS,MSc. OMFS university of Glasgow(UK). BDS 4 2015-2016. Tutorial outcomes. Understand the term and importance of differential diagnosis (. DDx. ). Know the aetiology of head and neck swellings. ID: 543569
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Presentations text content in Differential diagnosis of head and neck swellings
Slide1
Differential diagnosis of head and neck swellings
Dr.Ali
AL-
Hiyali
BDS,MSc
OMFS university of Glasgow(UK)
BDS 4 2015-2016
Slide2
Tutorial outcomes
Understand the term and importance of differential diagnosis (
DDx
)
Know the aetiology of head and neck swellings
Know the investigation used in the management process
Slide3
What Is DDx ?
the distinguishing of a disease or condition from others presenting with similar signs and symptoms
Emil
Kraepelin
father of
DDx
Slide4Slide5
Head and neck swellings
Numerous masses
may develop in the head and neck, and these may also be
termed
swellings,
growths, tumors, lumps, and bumps
.
Although some swellings are cancerous ,
many are not
.
However, it is important to investigate if any abnormal bump or swelling persists for
more than two weeks
.
Slide6
what type of structures found in the head and neck region
Lymph nodes
Salivary glands
Fat tissue
Blood vessels
Thyroid and parathyroid glands
Thymus
Potential spaces (fascia spaces)
Slide7
DDx of head swellings
Inflammatory
Lymphadenopathy (inflammatory or metastatic )(most common)
Infections (viral or bacterial )
Trauma
Cysts (Dermoid , epidermoid , sebaceous and lipoma)
Bone diseases
Paget’s disease
Cherubism
Benign ( fibrous dysplasia , ossifying fibroma )
Malignant
Salivary glands disorders
Infections
Benign
Malignant
Other benign or malignant lesions (Squamous cell carcinoma, lymphoma )
Slide8Slide9
DDx of neck swellings
Slide10Slide11
DDx of neck swellings based on the anatomical site:
Slide12Slide13
Symptoms Associated with Head & Neck Lumps
Change in the voice including hoarseness that
persists for more than two weeks
Growth in the mouth
Swollen tongue
Blood in the saliva or phlegm
Swallowing problems
Slide14
Management process
Slide15
History
Slide16
Clinical examination
Slide17
Summary of examination
Examination of some masses / swelling may allow a physician to determine their cause based on location, size, and consistency.
In other cases, however, additional tests may be required.
Changes in the skin – It is important to examine changes in the skin that could indicate basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell cancer, and malignant melanoma.
Persistent Ear Pain or ear pain while swallowing may be a symptom of infection or a growth in the throat.
Slide18Slide19Slide20
Radiographic Investigation of the Head and Neck Masses
MRI – Magnetic Resonance Imaging can clearly highlight soft tissue pathologies better than the C.T. Scan.It uses a magnetic field rather than x-rays (radiation).
Slide21
Radiographic Investigation of the Head and Neck Masses
CT SCAN – Computed tomography is less accurate than M.R.I for the soft tissue examination very useful to locate bony tumors and their dimensions and extensions.C.T with contrast is used to enhance the visibility of abnormal tissue during examination.
Slide22
Radiographic Investigation of the Head and Neck Masses
PET (Positron Emission Tomography) and SPECT (Single Photon Emission Tomography) are useful after diagnosis to help determine the grade of a tumor or to distinguish between cancerous and dead or scar tissue. They involve injection with a radioactive tracer.
Slide23
Biopsy
F.N.A.C – Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy is Safe Rapid Inexpensive Presurgical planning Avoids open biopsy
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DownloadNote - The PPT/PDF document "Differential diagnosis of head and neck ..." is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Presentations text content in Differential diagnosis of head and neck swellings
Differential diagnosis of head and neck swellings
Dr.Ali
AL-
Hiyali
BDS,MSc
OMFS university of Glasgow(UK)
BDS 4 2015-2016
Slide2Tutorial outcomes
Understand the term and importance of differential diagnosis (
DDx
)
Know the aetiology of head and neck swellings
Know the investigation used in the management process
Slide3What Is DDx ?
the distinguishing of a disease or condition from others presenting with similar signs and symptoms
Emil
Kraepelin
father of
DDx
Slide4Slide5Head and neck swellings
Numerous masses
may develop in the head and neck, and these may also be
termed
swellings,
growths, tumors, lumps, and bumps
.
Although some swellings are cancerous ,
many are not
.
However, it is important to investigate if any abnormal bump or swelling persists for
more than two weeks
.
Slide6what type of structures found in the head and neck region
Lymph nodes
Salivary glands
Fat tissue
Blood vessels
Thyroid and parathyroid glands
Thymus
Potential spaces (fascia spaces)
Slide7DDx of head swellings
Inflammatory
Lymphadenopathy (inflammatory or metastatic )(most common)
Infections (viral or bacterial )
Trauma
Cysts (Dermoid , epidermoid , sebaceous and lipoma)
Bone diseases
Paget’s disease
Cherubism
Benign ( fibrous dysplasia , ossifying fibroma )
Malignant
Salivary glands disorders
Infections
Benign
Malignant
Other benign or malignant lesions (Squamous cell carcinoma, lymphoma )
Slide8Slide9DDx of neck swellings
Slide10Slide11DDx of neck swellings based on the anatomical site:
Slide12Slide13Symptoms Associated with Head & Neck Lumps
Change in the voice including hoarseness that
persists for more than two weeks
Growth in the mouth
Swollen tongue
Blood in the saliva or phlegm
Swallowing problems
Slide14Management process
Slide15History
Slide16Clinical examination
Slide17Summary of examination
Examination of some masses / swelling may allow a physician to determine their cause based on location, size, and consistency.
In other cases, however, additional tests may be required.
Changes in the skin – It is important to examine changes in the skin that could indicate basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell cancer, and malignant melanoma.
Persistent Ear Pain or ear pain while swallowing may be a symptom of infection or a growth in the throat.
Slide18Slide19Slide20Radiographic Investigation of the Head and Neck Masses
MRI – Magnetic Resonance Imaging can clearly highlight soft tissue pathologies better than the C.T. Scan.It uses a magnetic field rather than x-rays (radiation).
Slide21Radiographic Investigation of the Head and Neck Masses
CT SCAN – Computed tomography is less accurate than M.R.I for the soft tissue examination very useful to locate bony tumors and their dimensions and extensions.C.T with contrast is used to enhance the visibility of abnormal tissue during examination.
Slide22Radiographic Investigation of the Head and Neck Masses
PET (Positron Emission Tomography) and SPECT (Single Photon Emission Tomography) are useful after diagnosis to help determine the grade of a tumor or to distinguish between cancerous and dead or scar tissue. They involve injection with a radioactive tracer.
Slide23Biopsy
F.N.A.C – Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy is Safe Rapid Inexpensive Presurgical planning Avoids open biopsy
Slide24Treatment modalities
Medical
Surgical
Radiotherapy