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Ergonomics in the Workplace  RGONOMICS IN THE ORKPLACE Ergonomics in the Workplace  RGONOMICS Ergonomics in the Workplace  RGONOMICS IN THE ORKPLACE Ergonomics in the Workplace  RGONOMICS

Ergonomics in the Workplace RGONOMICS IN THE ORKPLACE Ergonomics in the Workplace RGONOMICS - PDF document

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Ergonomics in the Workplace RGONOMICS IN THE ORKPLACE Ergonomics in the Workplace RGONOMICS - PPT Presentation

It also provides guidance on where to source further information It is not within the bounds of this guidance to discuss in detail all the main aspects of knowledge in the field of Ergonomics However efforts will be made to give the reader an unders ID: 28794

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Ergonomics in the Workplace RGONOMICSINTHE 2 ÒErgonomics applies information about human behaviour,for productive, safe, comfortable and effective humanA number of factors play a role in Ergonomics; these include bodyTHE IMPACT OF ERGONOMICS ON WORKPLACEThe goal of Ergonomics is to provide maximum productivity withhealth cost to the worker. In a workplace setting there are seldom a RGONOMICSINTHEperiods, by using Ergonomic principles to design these tasks; morepeople should be able to perform the job without the risk of injury. handling materials manually.and use of tools, job methods, workstation layouts and materials thatimpose no undue stress and strain on the worker. Additional costs areincurred in redesigning or modifying work processes therefore it is more 3 RGONOMICSINTHEERGONOMIC PRINCIPLES THAT CONTRIBUTE TObodyÕs muscles, ligaments and joints are involved in adopting posture,back, shoulder, wrist and other parts of the musculoskeletal system.workplace These principles are summarised in Table 1 below:TABLE 1: 4 ERGONOMICPRINCIPLE DESCRIPTION Joints must bein a neutral In the neutral position the body body, the arms will be RGONOMICSINTHE 5 ERGONOMICPRINCIPLE DESCRIPTION Avoid bending The upper part of the body ofmaintain the upper body in A twisted trunk Twisted postures of the trunk Alternate long period of time. Avoid excessive It is necessary to limit the Avoid carrying The hands and elbows should RGONOMICSINTHE ERGONOMICS AND IRISH LEGISLATIONWelfare at Work (General Application) Regulations of 1993 contain ERGONOMICPRINCIPLE DESCRIPTION Limit theweight of a There are guidance weight Use mechanical Many lifting accessories are Avoid carrying to carry a load, the body is Use transport There are a large number of RGONOMICSINTHEthe Workplace.involves risk, particularly of back injury, to employeesÓ 7 RGONOMICSINTHEintroduce agreed control measures.Step 1:Identify the Manual Handling Tasks that need to be assessedStep 2:Develop a risk assessment scheduleimportant way of increasing the likelihood of success of theStep 3:The Risk Assessment Processbriefly discussed below. Task Observation and descriptionCollect Task Datahave good quality information about the task, which will 8 RGONOMICSINTHEdisorders including back injury, has demonstrated theAwkward PostureBody postures determine which joints and muscles are used inthe activity, more stress is placed on the spinal discs when 9 RGONOMICSINTHEXAMPLESOFWKWARDTasks that require forceful exertions placeforce means increasing body demands such as greater muscle 10 RGONOMICSINTHEinclude repetition, individual capacity, posture and the workenvironment. The Guideline Weights can be used todetermine if the load is too heavy. Working outside theseguidelines is likely to increase the risk of injury. UIDELINEclose to his body and he lifts the load from floor level toevident that the lifterÕs hand enter more than one box duringbe put in place to avoid or reduce the risk of injury. 11 RGONOMICSINTHEThe Guideline Weights assume that the load is readily graspedlifter in a stable body position. The guideline weights are forinfrequent operations up to about thirty operations per hour,every few seconds) and for prolonged periods such as an eight-(Eastman Kodak 1986). evidence of each risk factor, should be outlined. The 12 Where operations are repeated Figures should be reduced by Once or twice per minute 30% Five to eight times per minute 50% More than 12 times per minute 80% RGONOMICSINTHEinjury. The introduction of any control measure such as amechanical aid or a new work layout means the introductionavoided or reduced the risk of injury. This will depend on howThe Safety Health and Welfare at Work (General Application) 13 RGONOMICSINTHEErgonomics applies information about human behaviour,of tools, machines, tasks, jobs and environments for productive,Safety Health and Welfare at Work (General Application) 14 RGONOMICSINTHEwww.hsa.ieSafety at Workwww.hse.gov.uk/index.htmwww.osha.gov/www.cdc.gov/niosh/homepage.htmlWorksafe Australiawww.nohsc.gov.au/ 15 RGONOMICSINTHEUseful Textbooks and Guidance on the subject of Ergonomics:Dul, J and Weerdmeester, B, 1993, Taylor andEastman Kodak, 1986, (VolumeJohn Wiley & Sons.Health and Safety Authority, 2005, the WorkplaceTaylor &Work Organisation and Ergonomics:Fitting the Task to the Human,Taylor & Francis.Mital A and Nicholson and Ayoub M.M. 1997,(2nd Edition), Taylor & FrancisTaylor & Francis 16 Ergonomics in