fishery policy officer Feel free to contact me on nilsccbse Baltic ecosystem and Baltic fisheries The Baltic Sea Semiclosed water body strong influence of ID: 540552
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Slide1
Nils: CCB fishery policy officer
Feel
free
to
contact
me
on nils@ccb.seSlide2
Baltic
ecosystem
and Baltic
fisheries
The Baltic Sea:
Semi-closed water body = strong influence of environmental factors“Low” species richnessStrong trophic interactionsPollution/EutrophicationHigh fishing pressureIncreasing competition for space andresources (shipping, wind farms)90% EU Member States (coastal)The players: EU Commission, EU Parliament, BALTFISH (m.s.)Regional Advisory Council (BSAC), fishermen, NGOsSlide3
Main species and stocks in Commercial
fishery
Marine species
Eastern
Cod
Western CodCentral HerringWestern HerringGoR HerringBothnian Sea HerringBothnian Bay HerringSpratMain Basin SalmonGoF SalmonSea troutPlaiceFlounderTurbot
Coastal
/river species
(
also
migratory)Salmon-Sea troutEelWhite fishPerchPikePike PerchBaltic VimbaSeveral other cyprinids like roach, bream
Underlined
have
a TAC = a set
catch
amount
is
decided
by
EU
Member
States
each
year
, the rest
up
to
each
MS Slide4
The
fishing
Length
Class
2012
Vessels < 12 meters (most passive) 4525Vessels >12 meters (25-40m) 767Total
5 292-trend is pointing downward
Catch examples for cod
85% trawl
15% passive gears
Economics in Baltic Sea?
Large or very large vessels targeting
pelagics
(herring/sprat): 92% total weight and 79% of value
Small scale vessels cod, flounder, plaice
etc
: 8% weight and 21 % of value
= if you want to make money: fish for small fish going to fish meal factories!Number of employees in total difficult to calculate because of part time work. In Full Time Equivalents: ca 7300 jobs in total (observe: some of which are not fishing in Baltic only)Slide5
And the
other
stocks?
Baltic salmon: today only
dk
and pl fish at sea. Fi, se. fish salmon close to coast and near rivers (de,ee,lv,lt more a bycatch)Sea trout: often caught with salmon in same gear, bycatch.Whitefish: also targeted with nets and traps (salmon traps) but also bycatchEel: fishing has declined but is ongoing (?). More or less exclusively in traps Slide6
What´s
the problem
with
all
this?
YEARICES ADVICEAdvice TAC (1000
tonnes)Politically set TAC
Actual catches
2005
No fishing
0
42.8 55** 2006
Develop Management plan
< 14.9
49.2
66**
2007
No fishing 0 44.3 51** 2008
No fishing
0
42.3***
42**
2009
Limit (total) landings to 48 600 t
≤ 48.6 49.38*** 48** 2010 Follow management plan 56.8 56.1*** 50 2011 See scenarios - 64.5*** 50 2012 Follow management plan 74.2 74.2*** 51 2013 Follow management plan 65.9 68.7*** 31 ??2014 Follow management plan 70.3 73.4*** 38.5 ??2015 20% reduction in catches 29.08555.8 *** 2016Precautionary approach≤ 29 220
Problem 1:
we
overfish
! science vs fishermen (
example
is
cod
)Slide7
Problem 2:
how we
fish
The way fishing is conducted: trawls
dominateSmall scale fishery with less impacting gears struggle because there is no fish on coasts!More and more fish is taken for fish meal and not human consumption= the small scale fishery is disappearing, creates social impacts and rural towns close down. but
also..
What´s
the problem
with
all
this?Slide8
Bycatch and poor selectivity the
norm, trawls cant catch what they actually are after: catch everything
Gear
destroy and disturb
bottomsFish stocks become stressed enough that their genetic selection change: smaller, spawn earlierWe change the basic structure
of the ecosystem when no more predator fish exist
and
we
are
left with herring and spratBycatch of birds and mammals have drastic effect on abundance (esp. harbour porpoises and observe in nets = otherwise good gears)= The way we fish impact far beyond the fish stocks aloneProblem 3:
side
effects
in
nature
What´s the problem with all this?Slide9
Fishing is one part of many effecting
ecosystems and the environmental goals must be reached – fishery management must lead to Good Environmental Status/healthy stocks
(MSFD/HELCOM)
Fish less and in a low
impact fishery: fishermen with best behavior, good selectivity
and less environmental impact should be allowed to fishCreate more/better protected areas for fish and other wildlifeCCB
main viewsSlide10
Active participation in advisory body (BSAC)
Address Member States in Baltfish
and HELCOM
Continuous contacts with Commission and European
Parliament MEPs
Prepare statements and inputs based on existing rules and science, but also influence new rulesCoordination with other NGOs, joint letter, meeting preparations (CCB members, FISH Sec, WWF, OCEANA, Birdlife)Policy oriented: implementation and development of policy/rules
CCBs work todaySlide11
Thanks
for
listening