Force and Motion Test Question Explanations Objective To review the questions contained in your test to understand how to solve any questions that you may have missed The question number listed here are arbitrary and do not reflect any particular test questions were randomized ID: 449100
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Slide1
Physics
Force and Motion Test
Question ExplanationsSlide2
Objective
To review the questions contained in your test to understand how to solve any questions that you may have missed
The question number listed here are arbitrary and do not reflect any particular test (questions were randomized)Slide3
Question 1
Usain
Bolt ran the 200 m in 19.19 s. What is the average speed of his run
?
All we need for this problems is v = d/t
200 m/ 19.19s = 10.42 m/sSlide4
Question 2
A bird's egg falls from a nest that is 18 m above the ground. How long will it take that egg to hit
the ground
(Neglect air resistance
)?
We know that y= 18m
We also know that a = 9.81m/s
2
AND that vi = 0 the instant it starts to fall
We are trying to find time
Let’s see: y, a, vi, and t
y =
v
i
t
+ ½ at
2
18 = 0 + ½ (9.81)t
2
18 = 4.905t
2
18/4.905 = t
2
t = 1.92 sSlide5
Question 3
A boy is trying to throw a rose to a girl he likes who lives on the second floor (about 8m high).
How fast
will he need to throw the flower straight up so that its highest point is the same as the height
of the
second floor
?
We know that y = 8
We know that
v
f
= 0 since it stops momentarily at the top of its height
We know that a = -9.81 m/s
2
(since gravity is in the opposite direction of travel
We need to find v
i
Let’s see: y,
v
f
, a, v
i
v
f
2
= v
i
2
+ 2aySlide6
Question 3, continued
0 = v
i
2
+ 2(-9.81)(8)
0 = v
i
2
+ -156.96
156.96 = v
i
2
v
i
= 12.5 m/sSlide7
Question 4
A car starts from rest and accelerates at a constant rate in a straight line. In the first second, the
car covers
a distance of 2.0 meters. How much additional distance will the car cover during
the second
second of its motion
?
For the first second, we know
x = 2 m, vi = 0 m/s, t = 1 s
It says that the car is accelerating but not by how much. Let’s find out
x
=
v
i
t
+ ½ at
2
2 = ½ a (1)
2
2 = ½ a
a = 4 m/s
2Slide8
Question 4, continued
Since it is accelerating, it is going faster and faster
It DOES NOT cover the same distance in each second
How far does it travel from start to the 2s mark?
x = ?, a = 4 m/s2, vi = 0 m/s, t = 2s
x =
v
i
t
+ ½ at
2
x = 0 + ½ (4) (2)
2
x = 8 m
Since it would have covered 2 m in the first second, then it would have covered 6 m in the second
second
.Slide9
Question 5
Carl Lewis set a world record for the 100.0 m run with a time of 9.86 s. If, after reaching the
finish line
, Mr. Lewis walked directly back to his starting point in 90.9 s, what is the magnitude of
his average
velocity for the 200.0 m
?
This checks for understanding of concepts
If he went 100m and then came back 100m, then his displacement is zero
Since velocity is displacement divided by time, then average velocity was zeroSlide10
Question 6
What
is the velocity of the object at t = 7.0 s?
The velocity is equal to the slope of the line at that time
m = rise/run
(
0-40)/(
6-5) -
40/1
= -
40 m/sSlide11
Question 7
At a drag race, a car accelerates for 2.6 s to a speed of 112 m/s. Maintaining that top speed,
it reaches
the finish line 400 m from the starting line. Once there, a parachute deploys enacting
an acceleration
of 39 m/s
2
.
A) What is the acceleration of the car when the race starts?
B) How much time does it take the car to reach the finish line?
C) How much time does it take to stop?
D) How far from the starting line does the car finally stop?Slide12
Question 7 part A
We know that: t= 2.6 s,
v
f
= 112 m/s
We also know that vi = 0 m/s
We can use the formula a = (
v
f
– v
i
) / t
a = (112 – 0)/ 2.6
a = 43 m/s2 Slide13
Question 7 part B
It accelerates in the first 2.6 s
It doesn’t stop there, it keeps travelling forward BUT NOT accelerating after 2.6s
How far did it travel in the first 2.6s?
x =
v
i
t
+ ½ at
2
x = 0 + ½ (43)(2.6)2
x = 145 m
The finish line is 400 m from the starting line
400 – 145 = 255 m left to go
It is travelling at a constant speed (112 m/s)
v = d/t
t = d/v 255 / 112 = 2.3 s
The entire trip would have taken 2.6 + 2.3 = 4.9sSlide14
Question 7 part C
Once it crosses the line, the parachute slows it down
For that portion of the trip, we know:
a = -39 m/s
2
(because it is slowing down), v
i
= 112 m/s, and
v
f
= 0 m/s
We are trying to find time
Once again, we can use: a = (
v
f
– v
i
) / t
-39 = (0 – 112)/t
-39 t = -112t = 2.9sSlide15
Question 7 part D
We already know that it travelled 400m to get to the finish line
Now we need to know how much farther it travelled
Once again, we know that: a = -39 m/s
2
, v
i
= 112 m/s, and
v
f
= 0 m/s
We need to find x
v
f
2
= v
i
2
+ 2ax
0 = 112
2
+ 2(-39)x
0 = 12544 -78x
-12544 = -78 x
x = 161 m
Total distance 400 + 161 = 561 mSlide16
Question 8
A runaway train is barreling down the tracks at a speed of 75 km/h compared to the
tracks. A
solution has been devised to send another train down a parallel track to catch up and stop
the train
. The second locomotive will not pull cargo and can achieve a speed of 90 km/h compared
to the
track. The first train has a 5 km head start. Once the train catches up, it will take 15 minutes
to slow
the train to a stop
A) How fast would the second train travel compared to the first?
B) How long will it take the second train to catch up to the second in minutes?
C) What would the deceleration of first train be to slow to a stop in 15 minutes.
D) What is the total distance that the first train will travel after being caught up to by the second?Slide17
Question 8 part A
Compared to each other, one train is travelling 15 km/hSlide18
Question 8 part B
We know that there is a 5 km head start
Since the relative speed of the 2
nd
train is 15 km/h compared to the first, you can work the problem as if the first train were not moving
v = d/t
t = d/v 5/15 = 1/3 of an hour
The question asks for minutes: 1 hour/3 times 60 minutes/hour = 20 minutesSlide19
Question 8 part C
When the “target” train starts to slow down, we know:
v
i
= 75 km/h, t = 15 minutes,
v
f
= 0 km/h
Since, v
i
is in km/h and time is in minutes, you will have to convert one or the other (or both) so that they have the same units
NOTE: for your answer key, I made 3 different versions of this same answer
One method would be to change time to hours: t=.25 hours
We can use: a = (
v
f
– v
i
) / t
a = (0 – 75)/.25 = - 300 km/h
2Slide20
Question 8 part D
What we know
v
i
= 75 km/h; a = -300 km/h
2
,
v
f
= 0 km/h
We are trying to find x
v
f
2
= v
i
2
+ 2ax
0 = 75
2
+ 2(-300)x
0 = 5625 -600x
-5625 = -300 x
x = 9.4 kmSlide21
Question part D, alternate
You may have decided to use time instead
v
i
= 75 km/h, a = - 300 km/h
2
, t = .25 h
x =
v
i
t
+ ½ at
2
x = (75)(.25) + ½ (-300)(.25)
2
x = 18.75 – 9.375
x = 9.4 km