Sex Offenses Age of consent - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

2.2 Types of CrimesSlide2

Types of Crimes

Crimes Against

People

Crimes Again

Property

Crimes

Involving Business

Crimes Against

Government

Crimes Against

Society

Motor Vehicle ViolationsSlide3

Crimes Against People

Murder

Manslaughter

Assault and Battery

Kidnapping

Sex Offenses

Domestic ViolenceSlide4

Murder

Defined:

Intentional killing of another person

1

st

degree-

one of the following conditions:

Killing after making a detailed

plan

K

illing in an especially

vicious

way such as

torture

, killing while

committing another serious crime

Otherwise, its

2

nd

degree

Only 1

st

degree is punishable by deathSlide5

M

anslaughter

Defined: Killing another person

without intent

Voluntary

: when someone kills a person while in a

state of great distress

and

without a prior plan to kill

Involuntary

: when someone kills another person

accidentally while committing an unlawful or reckless actSlide6

Homicide

The

killing of a human being by another human being

Murder and Manslaughter

= Homicide

Justifiable & Excusable

Homicide = Not Crimes

-- Self-defense, line-of-duty

-- not chargeable, not punishableSlide7

Assault and Battery

Assault

A

ttempt to commit battery, must have ability to act

Pointing and shooting a gun

Battery

Unlawful touching of another person

Forceful use of hand, weapon or other

object

The bullet striking the person

Simple assault and battery are usually

misdemeanorsSlide8

Assault and Battery

Aggravated

= the crime must be committed with

deadly weapon

or with the

intent.

Intent

to murder,

intent

to commit rape, or

intent

to commit robbery

Aggravated Assault and/or Battery

=

FELONYSlide9

Kidnapping

U

nlawful removal or restraint of a person

against his or her will

Usually the person is

threatened

or

forced to be captive

Under most state laws the

distance involved

in the unlawful movement of the victim

does not matterSlide10

Sex Offenses

Rape

Date/Acquaintance Rape

Statutory Rape

Statutory:

a formal written enactment of a legislative authority that

governs

a

country

Typically, statutes

command

or

prohibit

something

Applies to situation in which the

victim is under ageSlide11

Sex Offenses

Age of consent

T

he

age at which a person is deemed by Illinois law to be

capable of consenting to, and engaging in, sexual acts.

Age

of Consent IL =

17Slide12

Sex Offenses

The older partner commits

criminal sexual abuse

if he or she commits an act of sexual penetration or sexual conduct with a victim who

between 13 and 17 years of age

and the

accused was less than 5 years older than the victim

. This charge is raised to

criminal

aggravated

sexual abuse

if the

perpetrator is over five years older then the victim

.Slide13

Sex Offenses

Anyone who engages in sexual activity

of any type

with a partner under the applicable Age of Consent is breaking the law and can be charged with crimes ranging from a

misdemeanor

to a

felony (statutory rape

).Slide14

Sex Offenses

Laws

applies

to both

men and women

A minor can be prosecuted for intercourse with another

minor.Slide15

Domestic Violence

Defined: any

reckless form of physical or mental harm in a family or household

Laws protect: children, spouses, and other family members

Protect against: neglect, mental abuse, or physical abuse by another family memberSlide16

Crimes Against Property

Burglary

Larceny

Robbery

VandalismSlide17

Burglary

Official Definition:

Breaking and entering

into a house at

night

to commit a felony

Expanded Definition:

daytime

breaking and entering, breaking and entering other than homes

, breaking and entering to commit a misdemeanor

If any part cannot be proven, then Burglary cannot be officially chargedSlide18

Illinois Burglary Law

Under Illinois law, burglary is defined as:

knowingly entering or remaining within a building, trailer, watercraft, aircraft, or motor vehicle,

without consent

with the intent to commit a felony or a theft.

In general, burglary is classified as a

Class 2 Felony

, carrying 3 to 7 years in prison upon conviction.

However, if the burglary was committed on a daycare or a place of worship, it can be elevated to a

Class 1 Felony

, which carries 4 to 15 years in prison.Slide19

Burglary Example

While walking along a sidewalk after dark, a man noticed a partly opened window. He raised the window further, climbed inside, and stole some expensive shoes.

He was charged with burglary.

Applying common law– no breaking has occurred and technically he could be found not guilty.

Most state statutes today state that breaking occurs when someone raises a partly opened window. Slide20

Larceny

Definition: the

unlawful taking of someone’s

personal property with the intent to keep the property

away from that person

Legal term for

stealing

Petty

Larceny –

Misdemeanor

: States have rights to set value

$300 - $1,000

Grand

Larceny –

Felony

: stealing more than state’s set level for petty larcenySlide21

Robbery

Definition: The

wrongful

taking of someone’s property

to

threatening violence

or

using violence

Penalty is greater than larcenySlide22

Robbery Example

Stephanie is a cashier at a convenience store. As she is working one night, a man comes in,

points a gun at Stephanie, and demands money from the register drawer.

This would be

armed robbery

 because the robber has forcefully taken the money from the cashier against her will.Slide23

Vandalism

Definition:

willful or malicious damage to property

Malicious mischief or criminal damage

To be

guilty

,

person

does not

have to be the one

who actually does the damageSlide24

Vandalism Case

RUTLAND, Vt. (AP) — Police in Rutland, Vt., have arrested three teens in connection with vandalism of about 100 cars, residences and businesses.

Police said BB guns were fired at the cars and properties, resulting in broken windows and thousands of dollars in damages.

Two of the three arrested Thursday are 17 and one is 18. Two are from West Rutland and the other is from Castleton. They are scheduled to be in court on Feb. 4 on multiple counts of unlawful mischief.Slide25

Crimes involving Business

Embezzlement

Shoplifting

Fraud

Money laundering

Arson

Forgery

Also called

“White Collar”

CrimesSlide26

Embezzlement

Wrongful taking of property by someone

lawfully entrusted with possession and control of that property.

Often

committed by an agent or employee of a business

who has the power to write checks and to withdraw funds from the firm’s bank accountSlide27

Dane Cook Case

The famous embezzlement case involving

comedian Dane Cook

came to a conclusion in 2010 when courts found

Darryl McCauley, Cook's half brother

, guilty of

embezzling millions of dollars

. The embezzlement took place between 2004 and 2008, during which time

McCauley served as Cook's business manager

.

Cook

and his half brother had worked together since the start of the comedian's career early 1990s. Finding the business manager guilty of

27 counts of larceny, as well as forgery and

embezzlement

.

Massachusetts's

courts sentenced McCauley

to five to six years in prison.

The

incident involving the largest amount of money included

a

check for $3 million McCauley wrote to himself and forged Cook's signature on.Slide28

Girl Scout Embezzlement

In February 2011, courts charged

Girl

Scout troop leader Christa

Utt

with

embezzling more than $5,000 from the organization.

Utt

embezzled

funds from the sale of cookies, as well as from a donation made at the request of the deceased mother of one of the troop members.

This case proved part of an ongoing

chain of Girl Scout embezzlement cases

that have attracted national attention in the United States during the early years of the 21st century. In 2009, California-based Girl Scout bookkeeper

Janet Daily embezzled $13,000

from the organization, while

Laura

Towery

Farrell of North Carolina embezzled nearly $8,000

from local Girl Scouts in 2007.Slide29

Shoplifting

Stealing goods from a store.

Costs American consumers billions of dollars each year because prices are raised to make up for the loss.

Can someone be charged with shoplifting if they place merchandise in their pants/shirt and get caught before leaving a store?

Yes!Slide30

Fraud

When a person or business engages in some form of

deception

to

obtain money or property.

Mail Fraud



Using the US Postal Service to commit fraud

Wire Fraud

 Using the telephone or other forms of electronic communication, such as the internet to commit fraud. Slide31

Mail Fraud

To be convicted of

mail fraud

, one must do all of the following:

Purposefully create a plan to defraud an individual or institution

Display intent to commit fraud

Mail something—for the purpose of carrying out a fraudulent scheme—through the USPS or a private carrier Slide32

Mail Fraud

An

Arizona man

was convicted of

mail fraud

and

sentenced to five years of supervised probation, nine months of home detention, and $1 million in victim restitution

after executing the age-old envelope-stuffing scam.

The man

ran ads

in national magazines, promising to send stuffing materials to everyone who mailed money for supply costs ($18 to $36) to his fictitious company. He mailed instructions on how to run an envelope-stuffing business but no actual materials. Slide33

Wire Fraud

There are 2 major factors that determine if a crime is wire fraud:

One willfully devised

or intended to devise a scheme

or means to defraud another person of money or property with the intent to defraud.

They must do it through the

use of interstate wire facilities

, such as telephone, television, email or the internet.Slide34

Wire Fraud

Serious

Federal Crime

You can face up to 20 years in jail and face fines as high as 1 million dollars.Slide35

Wire Fraud Case

A solider from South Texas pled guilty to the federal crime of wire fraud conspiracy that apparently arose out of a

recruiter bonus program

. The soldier had been accused of taking part in a scam over a five year period, starting in 2005 and ending in 2010.

The scheme reportedly constituted

"recruiting" individuals who were already in the military

. The soldier in this case was one of several soldiers who were charged with the crime. Some of the soldiers apparently paid civilian contract military recruiters and other active-duty soldiers for the names and social security numbers of those who had already enlisted.

Throughout the five year period, the soldier along with the others involved amassed a total of $244,000Slide36

Money Laundering

When

criminals obtain large amounts of money illegally, they need to hide the money.

They do this by

putting the money into legal businesses

to launder it.

The federal government has passed laws to prosecute any persons involved in money laundering even if they did not steal the money themselves

.

Money Laundering Breaking BadSlide37

Arson

Common Law:

Willful and malicious

burning of

someone else’s house.

Today:

Arson

= burning of

any building

.

Sometimes business owners finding themselves on the verge of bankruptcy will destroy their own property to collect the insurance on it.Slide38

Arson

The scorching or blackening of a part of a building is not enough to be considered arson.

Some portion of the building must actually have been on fire so that the wood or other building material is charred.Slide39

Punishment for Arson

Felony- Class 2, Class 1, or Class X

Depending on Value

7-30 yrs in jail

If

building is occupied

: Attempted murder

Owner of building can also

sue for civil damages

the value of the house, everything in it, plus relocations costs, rent on the hotel room until they get a new place, mental anguish, etc. Slide40

Forgery

Placing a

false signature on a check or other document

with to intent to deceive someone in order to deprive that person of his or her property.

Punishment:

Felony

Subject to fine and imprisonment

Forgery

doesn’t require the property actually change hands

. Once the false signature is place on the check, the signer has committed forgery.

Must be

intent

to defraud or deceive

Forging

PerscriptionsSlide41

Crimes Against The Government

Treason

Perjury

Obstruction of Justice

Contempt Of CourtSlide42

Treason

Article III, Section 3

of the US Constitution

Waging war against the United States, or giving aid and comfort to the enemies of the United States.

This is the only crime mentioned in the constitution Slide43

Treason Case

United States v. Adam

Gadahn

, 2006.

In October 2006, the Department of Justice announced its first treason indictment in more than 50 years.

The target of the indictment is Adam

Gadahn

, an American-born spokesman and operative for al-Qaeda.

Adam got a job in a computer store and started studying Islam; he converted to Islam in 1995. Authorities believe he moved to Pakistan in 1998 and married an Afghan refugee. He stopped communicating with his family in 2001, around the time that al-Qaeda's media arm, As-

Sahab

, released its first video — a production

Gadahn

is believed to have been heavily involved in, if not responsible for. Slide44

Treason Case Cont…

Since 2004 he has appeared in several al-Qaeda videos as "

Azzam

the American," threatening attacks on other world cities and denouncing the United States, Israel, and Zionism.

Most recently, he appeared in a March 2010 video that called for American Muslims to follow the example of

Nidal

Malik

Hasan

, the Fort Hood shooter, in taking up arms "to reap the rewards of jihad and martyrdom." Still at large, he is on the FBI's Most Wanted list. Slide45

Perjury

When a person

lies under oath

during a court process or an administrative procedure.

The lie must involve a fact that is material to the proceeding.Slide46

Obstruction of Justice

When an individual does something that

hinders the ability of the court to move forward in a judicial proceeding

.

It might

involve suppressing evidence or shielding someone from arrest.

Obstruction Of JusticeSlide47

Contempt of Court

When an individual ignores a court order or shows lack of proper respect for the integrity of the court.

Casey Anthony Contempt Of Court

Contempt Of Court- Casey Anthony- outburstSlide48

Bribery

Giving money or property to a public official in exchange for a favor from that official.

Both person offering bribe and public official accepting the bribe are guilty of bribery.

WalMart

Bribery CaseSlide49

Crimes Against Society

Disorderly Conduct

RiotingSlide50

Disorderly Conduct

An activity that threatens to disrupt the social order, to endanger public safety, or to jeopardize the health of the public at large.

Snooki

- Jersey Shore ArrestSlide51

Rioting

An activity that generally requires a gathering of

at least 3 individuals

who:

threaten to harm people

or

to

damage property

,

or who violently commits one or the other of those offenses.

Rioting at UMASS after Patriots lose Super BowlSlide52

Motor Vehicle Violations

A license to drive a vehicle is a

privilege

, not a right.

If drivers abuse the privilege, they will lose it.

All drivers who ignore traffic laws are treated the same.

All people- young drivers, or experienced drivers, may be

tried in traffic court and can be fined.

License can also be suspended or taken away permanently. Slide53

Motor Vehicle Violations

May states outlaw

drag racing

and

joy riding.

Drag Racing-

racing two vehicles side by side or timing vehicles that separately run a prearranged course.

Everyone

who joins in is

liable

!Slide54

Joy Riding

Joyriding

- taking a vehicle without the owners permission.

Joyriding differs slightly from the crime of auto theft because the perpetrator of joyriding

does not generally intend on taking the vehicle permanently

. 

You

do not have to be the driver

in a joyriding offense

to be charged

with a crime. 

Alternatively, you

do not have to cause damages to person or property in order to be charged with joyriding.