Risk Communications December 2014 1 RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR TROPICAL MEDICINE Session Objectives To ensure that participants have an understanding of the function of risk communications in EVD prevention and control ID: 380576
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Slide1
An introduction to Risk Communications
December 2014
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RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR TROPICAL MEDICINESlide2
Session ObjectivesTo ensure that participants have an understanding of the
function of risk communications in EVD prevention and controlTo ensure participants have a basic understanding of the process of risk communication in EVD prevention and control
DECEMBER 2014Slide3
Risk Communications defined
“Risk communication is an interactive process of exchange and evaluation of information among stakeholders and the establishment of appropriate and effective communication actions and responses. It is an integral component of
public health risk management.” (Asia Pacific Strategy for Emerging
Diseases, 2010*).
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* http://www.wpro.who.int/emerging_diseases/documents/docs/APSEDTechnicalPapers03Sep10Final.pdf
DECEMBER 2014Slide4
“For a highly lethal
disease like Ebola,which has no vaccine orcure, information aimedat behavioural changebecomes the principalpreventive measure.
” (WHO, 2004)
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DECEMBER 2014Slide5
5 Principles of Risk Communications
Trust: communications should build, maintain and restore trust between public and outbreak managersAnnouncing early: late announcements erode trust between public and outbreak managersTransparency: new developments should be communicated in a timely and complete way
Listening: seek to understand how the public perceive a given risk and what their existing beliefs and practices arePlanning:
integral to achieving i – iv.
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DECEMBER 2014Slide6
Priority Groups/Target Audiences Primary Target Audiences (PTA): people who may be directly affected by EVD, through direct exposure to a case
Travellers from countries of intense EVD transmission, relatives of travellers, community members who live where the positive case lives Secondary Target Audiences (STA): people who can influence the health decisions of the PTAHealth professions, HEPO, teachers, politicians, media professionals, celebrities
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DECEMBER 2014Slide7
Evidence based risk communications
Formative research in planning stages to assess:Knowledge and attitudes around transmission modesPerceived EVD susceptibilityKAP around EVD prevention measures Perceived benefits of adopting preventive behavioursPerceived self-efficacy of adapting preventive behavioursPerceived barriers and costs of adopting preventive
behaviours
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DECEMBER 2014Slide8
Stages of Change Model
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DECEMBER 2014Slide9
Stages of Change (cont)
Note that this is not always a linear process!Pre-contemplation: no intention to changeContemplation: aware that problem exists but not yet made commitment to take actionDetermination:
intending to take actionIntention: considering making change Action: behaviour
is trialledMaintenance/advocacy:
maintains desired
behaviour
and becomes an advocate
[relapse]
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DECEMBER 2014Slide10
Risk communication is results orientated
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DECEMBER 2014Slide11
Stages of EVD prevention & control:
a risk communications perspective11
Pre-event
Introduction of disease
Rapid increase
Peak
transmission
Decrease in incidence
Eventual resolution
DECEMBER 2014
Fig 1. Number of presumptive case-patients with EVD, by week of onset:
Uganda, August 2000 – January 2001Slide12
Adapting communications 1 Pre-event:
basics of EVD (transmission routes and prevention)2 Introduction of EVD: transparency is key in communicating facts around index case3 Rapid increase of EVD and peak transmission: manage fear and panic while addressing misconceptions. May need to re-adapt initial objectives at this stage.4 Decrease in EVD and eventual resolution: Re-
emphasise preventive measures.
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DECEMBER 2014Slide13
Key messages for Ph
Pre-event:Infection preventionSigns and symptoms of EVDPromote EVD call centre number: 711 1001/02Address misperceptions and stigmasIntroduction of EVD/Rapid increase/Peak Transmission:
Get to a health facility if sick with EVD symptomsCare and treatment increases the chance for survival and can reduce transmission to othersPromote safe funeral and burial practices
Condom use for convalescent men Support and provide accepting environment for SurvivorsDecrease in EVD/Eventual resolution:
Emphasise that recovered people are no longer infectious
Condom use for convalescent men
Promote unity, cooperation and hope to fight against EVD
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DECEMBER 2014Slide14
Opportunities for Risk Communication in PH
Total Adult Literacy Rate (2012) 95.4%Risk communications already initiatedStrong communication networks, for eg. 36% internet penetration rates, high social media usageMedia engaged in the issueAdministrative Order on risk communications [currently in draft]
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DECEMBER 2014Slide15
Further Reading
www.wpro.who.int/emerging_diseases/documents/docs/APSEDTechnicalPapers03Sep10Final.pdfwww.fsnnetwork.org/sites/default/files/resource_uploads/dbc_english.pdf
www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/WHO_CDS_2005_32web.pdf
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DECEMBER 2014Slide16
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RISK COMMUNICATIONS:
Communicating
RISKnotPANIC
DECEMBER 2014