Polanyian Reflection Dr John F Devlin Associate Professor School of Environmental Design and Rural Development University of Guelph jdevlinuoguelphca School of Environmental Design and Rural Development ID: 614457
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "The Food-Water-Energy-Climate Nexus: A" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
The Food-Water-Energy-Climate Nexus: A
Polanyian Reflection
Dr. John F. Devlin, Associate Professor School of Environmental Design and Rural Development University of Guelph jdevlin@uoguelph.ca
School of Environmental Design and Rural Development
18/05/2015
ICRPS-OECD-Memphis
1Slide2
Karl Polanyi
18/05/2015
ICRPS-OECD-Memphis2Born Vienna 1886Emigrated to UK 1933To Vermont 1940Taught at Columbia 1947-1953 Resided in CanadaEconomic historianEconomic anthropologistEconomic sociologistPolitical economist - Institutional economistSocial philosopherDied Canada 1964Slide3
The Great Transformation - Key Concepts
18/05/2015
ICRPS-OECD-Memphis3The embedded economyMarket society
The double movement
Fictitious commoditiesSlide4
The embedded economy
18/05/2015
ICRPS-OECD-Memphis4Production of good and services
Consumption of good and services
Markets
Reciprocity
Redistribution
Society
Rules
Institutions
Norms
Values
Beliefs
Practices
Household / SubsistenceSlide5
Market society:
Disembedding
the economy18/05/2015ICRPS-OECD-Memphis5Production of good and services
Consumption of good and services
Markets
Reciprocity
Redistribution
Society
Rules
Institutions
Norms
Values
Beliefs
Practices
Household / Subsistence
Devalued
If not
consistent
with
market
principlesSlide6
Complete disembedding is impossible18/05/2015
ICRPS-OECD-Memphis6
Non-market social factors will always be influentialBeliefsValues
Norms
Rules
PracticesInstitutionsBut market oriented beliefs, values, norms, rules, practices and institutions have become stronger since the late 1700s
Market societies have emerged in which:The economy is made a primary focus of policy
A model of the self-regulating market informs policy makingSlide7
The double movement
18/05/2015
ICRPS-OECD-Memphis7SocietyEconomy
Market forces:
Ideas, organizations
Social forces:Ideas, organizationsSlide8
The model of the self-regulating market
18/05/2015
ICRPS-OECD-Memphis8
Pushed too far the model of the self-regulating market advancing the interest of society is utopian
Markets cannot make collective decisions
Markets are unstableMarket failuresFictitious commoditiesSlide9
Fictitious commodities
18/05/2015
ICRPS-OECD-Memphis9The classical factors of productionMoneyLabourLandAre fictitious commoditiesThey are not manufactured
Their supply is not determined by price
Their supply is determined by non-economic factors
We will focus on landSlide10
Land18/05/2015
ICRPS-OECD-Memphis10
Land stands for all of natural endowmentsEndowments are not commoditiesThey are inherited stocksThey are not manufacturedTheir total supply cannot be increased in response to increased demandThe pricing of endowments by markets is fictitious because:The value of endowments should be socially determinedSlide11
Natural endowments
18/05/2015
ICRPS-OECD-Memphis11LandWaterFossil fuelsForestsFisheriesClimate
Biodiversity
Carbon sequestration
Natural endowments represent the ecological foundations for society and economy
Society and economy are ecologically embeddedSlide12
Ecological
embeddedness
18/05/2015ICRPS-OECD-Memphis12
Ecology
Biodiversity
EcologicalServices
Climate
Fisheries
Forests
Fossil
Fuels
Water
Land
Carbon
SequestrationSlide13
Herman Daly 199318/05/2015
ICRPS-OECD-Memphis13
We required an ecologically embedded economy – a steady-state economyThe ecologically disembedded economy is utopianSlide14
18/05/2015ICRPS-OECD-Memphis
14
Source: Global Footprint Network 2011 Annual ReportSlide15
The ecological footprint18/05/2015
ICRPS-OECD-Memphis15
The global surface needed toSequester carbonProvide crops Provide LivestockProvide woodProvide buildings, infrastructureHow much land and fishing grounds do we need To support one person? To support a country’s population?To support the global population?Slide16
The ethics of ecological distribution
18/05/2015
ICRPS-OECD-Memphis16Why should some have access to a larger portion of the earth than others? This is a distributional problem that markets cannot solve justlyIt is an issue of distributive justice. Some have much more access to the earth’s resources than others.
The discussion of environmental policy pits market theory against rights theory
What form of economic culture do we want? Slide17
C
ultural debates18/05/2015
ICRPS-OECD-Memphis17Water rightsSubsistence rights
v
s.
Carbon markets
Fossil fuels
Food markets
Water markets
Renewable energy
Climate justice
v
s
.
v
s
.
v
s
.Slide18
And so….
18/05/2015
ICRPS-OECD-Memphis18The food-water-energy-climate nexus presents us with the need for a cultural shift in our perception of what is most important.Market values are not more important than ecological values.Slide19
Policy…?18/05/2015
ICRPS-OECD-Memphis19
To respond justly to food, water, energy, and climate challenges will require:Increased recognition of socially defined goals for food, water, energy and climate outcomes
An increased recognition of ecological rights
Reduced use of markets as an allocation mechanism
Increased use of reciprocity and redistributive policy to reach national and global ecological goals.Slide20
18/05/2015
Thanks…
ICRPS-OECD-Memphis20Slide21
Bibliography
Daly, Herman E (1993) The Perils of Free
Trade. Economists routinely ignore its hidden costs to the environment and the community, Scientific American, November, pp.50-57Goodland, R. (1992). The case that the world has reached limits: more precisely that current throughput growth in the global economy cannot be sustained. Population and Environment, 13(3), 167-182.18/05/2015ICRPS-OECD-Memphis21Slide22
18/05/2015
ICRPS-OECD-Memphis
22Slide23
18/05/2015
ICRPS-OECD-Memphis
23Slide24
18/05/2015
ICRPS-OECD-Memphis
24Slide25
18/05/2015
ICRPS-OECD-Memphis
25Slide26
18/05/2015
ICRPS-OECD-Memphis
26Slide27
18/05/2015
ICRPS-OECD-Memphis
27Slide28
18/05/2015
ICRPS-OECD-Memphis
28Slide29
18/05/2015
ICRPS-OECD-Memphis
29Slide30
18/05/2015
ICRPS-OECD-Memphis
30Slide31
The global ecosystem is finite
18/05/2015ICRPS-OECD-Memphis31