Khufu 4thDynasty ca 24702447 BCEhis pyramid and his barge discovereddisassembledLike the pyramid Khufu would have commissioned the construction of the barge during his lifetime it is a funerarybarge ID: 894486
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1 A closer look at Egyptian boat construct
A closer look at Egyptian boat construction and design: the Khufu barge Khufu, 4 th Dynasty: ca. 2470 - 2447 BCE his pyramid and his barge, discovered disassembled Like the pyramid,
2 Khufu would have commissioned the cons
Khufu would have commissioned the construction of the barge during his lifetime; it is a funerary barge, though whether it was actually used (and then disassembled) is archaeolog
3 ically unclear Probably 50 tons of cedar
ically unclear Probably 50 tons of cedar from the mountains of Lebanon was trans - shipped 400 miles âBringing 40 ships filled with cedar logs. Shipbuilding of cedar wood, one â
4 Praise - of - the - two - landsâ ship
Praise - of - the - two - landsâ ship, 100 cubits longâ¦â ( Sneferu , 4 th Dynasty ca. 2520 - 2470 BCE, father of Khufu) The construction sequence begins (from the 5 th Dynast
5 y tomb Ti at Saqqara, ca. 2300 BCE) The
y tomb Ti at Saqqara, ca. 2300 BCE) The two types of mortises carved in the planks of the Khufu barge 1. Two v - shaped lashing mortises are carved in most planks (thousands of
6 them) 2. Mortise and tenons are used
them) 2. Mortise and tenons are used primarily to align the planks and they are not pegged like in ancient Mediterranean shipbuilding tradition Khufuâs barge
7 Ancient
Ancient Mediterranean shipbuilding The rope for the lashing was stored in baskets in the Khufu barge burial (one mile of rope would have been used to
8 lash this barge) The bottom was assembl
lash this barge) The bottom was assembled first with eight planks averaging 13 m in length (the most strategic lashing joins shown below â note also the lashed - down battens sea
9 ling the plank seems) bow stern batten T
ling the plank seems) bow stern batten The dimensions and shape of the barge was guided by notches in the bottom planks â¦revealing a degree of engineering (for reassembly in t
10 he cosmos?) The sides are assembled
he cosmos?) The sides are assembled next with 11 planks on each side ranging from 7 - 23 m bow stern 16 frames were shaped to fit the beam of the hull (note the notching to acc
11 ommodate the battens) b ottom plank fram
ommodate the battens) b ottom plank frame batten The Khufu barge belongs to the âshell - firstâ tradition, where most of the longitudinal and lateral strength of the barge resid
12 es in the hull (extremely thick planks,
es in the hull (extremely thick planks, scarfed to increase joining area between planks) bow stern scarf scarf All 16 frames support a stanchion (b) which supports the central gird
13 er (a) Different ways to contend with â
er (a) Different ways to contend with âhoggingâ on Egyptian long boats and ships Khufu: bow to stern 43 meters A hogging truss on Hatshepsutâs seagoing âPuntâ ship â the
14 Khufu barge was not fastened with one
Khufu barge was not fastened with one of these hogging truss Different ways to contend with âhoggingâ on long boats and ships Khufuâs barge: bow to stern 43 meters Girders r
15 unning the length of the boat acting lik
unning the length of the boat acting like a keel (a spine) girder girder girder Different ways to contend with âhoggingâ on long boats and ships Shape of the planking ( scarfed
16 ) also gave the boat more longitudinal
) also gave the boat more longitudinal strength, b y increasing the joining area between the planks And the sheer thickness of the planking (13 cm, most planks range from 7 - 9 cm)
17 This is an extremely heavy boat: 38 ton
This is an extremely heavy boat: 38 tons of cedar! 66 deck beams (supporting the deck) provide additional lateral strength together with the 16 frames deck beam frame â Papyrifor
18 m â design: imitating the most ancient
m â design: imitating the most ancient (and probably ubiquitous) boat design on the Nile in a ritual context Propulsion, navigation and superstructure Enormous oars and steeri
19 ng oars carved from single pieces of
ng oars carved from single pieces of cedar Fully decked, supporting a deckhouse 9 m length 2.5 m height * Significant construction and design features of the Khufu barge * 38 t
20 ons of cedar went into the construction,
ons of cedar went into the construction, probably 50 tons of cedar used * the barge belongs to the âshell - firstâ conception of ship/boat design * lashed hull, most of the mech
21 anical strength in the planks (thickness
anical strength in the planks (thickness, scarfs ) * â papyriform â: design of the barge imitating the shape of a reed boat Question: how much can this boat inform ancient Egy
22 ptian nautical technology as a whole, in
ptian nautical technology as a whole, including seafaring technology? What can archaeologists learn from the Khufu barge that cannot be learned with Egyptian boat/ship iconography?