Periods of British Lit Celtic > 50BC Preliterate, pagan - PowerPoint Presentation

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Periods of British Lit

Celtic > 50BC Preliterate, pagan

Roman 50BC – 450AD Caesar, infrastructure, Latin

Anglo-Saxon 450 – 1066 Angle-land, kingdoms, Latin, Old Eng.

Medieval 1066 – 1485 Normans, French, Middle English

Renaissance 1485 – 1660 Rebirth, humanist, intellectual

Elizabethan 1558 – 1603 Spencer, Marlowe, Sydney, Shakes, Bacon

Jacobean 1603 – 1649 Kings James/Charles, Donne, Cavaliers

Puritan 1649 – 1660 No fun, Cromwell dictator, Milton, Bunyan

Restoration 1660 – 1702 Fire, plague, first novels

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Century 1702 – 1798 Enlightenment/Reason, non-fiction

Romantic 1798 – 1832 Anti-Enlightenment, Lyrical Ballads

Victorian 1832 – 1914 First Reform Law, Scott’s death

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Century 1914 > Anything goes, Modernism, warsSlide2

Anglo Saxon (450-1066)

Beowulf:

British epic about what makes a good warrior, king, Anglo-Saxon values, good and evil

Historical Beowulf ~500 AD, told ~800, written ~1000 in Old English/Anglo-Saxon

All translations from same source document

Bede: 673-735 History of the English Church and People (Caedmon of Whitby)

Alfred: d.899 King committed to writing in vernacular versus LatinSlide3

Medieval (1066-1485)

Chretien d’Troyes: late 12

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century, Arthurian Romances (Yvain), French

Lion in Winter: modern play about Henry II and his family in 1185, eve of crusades

Chaucer: d.1400, Canterbury Tales, Middle English, frame story was to contain 120 tales (Prologue, Knight’s, Pardoner’s, Reeve’s, Wife of Bath’s)

Malory: d.1471, Morte d’Arthur, collected stories of Arthurian legend, PROSE!, sets forth English stance on chivalry, national characterSlide4

Renaissance (1485-1660)

Henry VII – VIII, Edward, Mary

Columbus, Cabot

Thomas More (Man for All Seasons, Utopia)

Luther, Reformation, Church of England

Sonnets introduced

Elizabethan (1558-1603)

Jacobean (1603-1649) reigns of James I and Charles I

Puritan (1649-1660) English civil war resulted in Cromwell as a military dictator)Slide5

Elizabethan (1558-1603)

Spenser – Fairie Queen

Marlowe – Playwright, Faust

Sydney – Sonneteer, Defense of Poesy, Astrophel and Stella

Shakespeare

Francis Bacon – Novum Organum, Of StudiesSlide6

Jacobean (1603-1648)

John Donne

Early period: conceits, love poems, To a Flea

Middle period: to his wife, compass conceit

Late period: metaphysical, Death Be Not Proud, No Man Is an Island, Ask Not for Whom the Bell Rings

Herbert – Metaphysical poet

Andrew Marvell – between metaphysical poets and cavaliers

Tribe of Ben (Jonson)

Cavalier poets: Suckling, Lovelace, VaughanSlide7

Puritans (1648-1660)

John Milton: goes blind, VERY IMPORTANT

Paradise Lost: English Epic

John Bunyan

Pilgrim’s Progress: Vanity FairSlide8

Restoration/18th Century

Not a lot of fiction, poetry or drama

Age of science: i.e., Newton

Technology: Watt (steam engine) > coal

Age of political science: Locke, Hobbs

Age of history: Gibbon

Biography, dictionary, magazines, philosophy

Age of wit, satire, descriptions of real things, ideasSlide9

Restoration/18th Century

John Dryden:

Critic : An Essay of Dramatic Poesy (re: Shakespeare)

Poet: Mac Flecknoe: Scathing lampoon of contemporary poet; Song for St. Cecelia’s Day

Samuel Pepys: Diarist of 17

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Century London, in code

Daniel Defoe: Pen for hire

Journal of the Plague Years

Robinson Crusoe

Moll FlandersSlide10

Restoration/18th Century

Jonathan Swift: greatest satirist

Gulliver’s Travels: 4 journeys (Lilliputians, Giants, Scientists, Horses)

Modest Proposal (to eat Irish babies)

Addison & Steele: first magazines

Alexander Pope: everything in heroic couplets

Rape of the Lock (mock epic)

Epigrams (hope springs eternal, a little learning is a dangerous thing, to err is human, to forgive divine, fools rush in where angels fear to tread)Slide11

Restoration/18th Century

Samuel Johnson: first dictionary, critic, lexicographer, wit

James Boswell: first great biographer

Thomas Grey: poet (Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard)Slide12

Restoration/18th Century

Transitional Figures

Robert Burns: National poet of Scotland

To a Mouse

Auld Lang Syne

Sweet Afton

William Blake: Poet, printer, artist, print-maker

Poems of Innocence and Experience

Dante’s Divine Comedy

Milton’s Paradise LostSlide13

Romantic Period (1798-1832)

Begins with Lyrical Ballads

Gothic novels pre-date

Reaction against rationality of Enlightenment

Passion, nature, supernatural, radicalism, REVOLUTION

Ends with First Reform Bill, death of Scott, ascendency of VictoriaSlide14

Romantic Poets

First Generation

William Wordsworth: Lyrical Ballads!

Tintern Abbey

I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud

Samuel Coleridge: Lyrical Ballads

Rime of the Ancient Mariner

Kubla KhanSlide15

Romantic Poets

Second Generation

Lord Byron

After Swimming from Sestos to Abydos, She Walks in Beauty, Childe Harold, Don Juan

Percy Shelley: politically radical, communes, free love, married Mary, died young and mysteriously

Ozymandias, Ode to the West Wind, England in 1819

John Keats: died very young, very promising

On first Looking into Chapman’s Homer, Bright Star, The Eve of St. Agnes, Ode to a Nightingale, Ode on a Grecian UrnSlide16

Romantic Novelists

Walter Scott: started out as a poet, felt he could not be more successful than Byron. Practically invents historical fiction

Ivanhoe

Waverly

Rob Roy

Jane Austen: Comedic novels about class issues/marriage

Pride and Prejudice

Sense and Sensibility

Persuasion

Northanger Abby

Mansfield Park

Mary Shelley: FrankensteinSlide17

Victorian Poets

Alfred, Lord Tennyson: poet laureate after Wordsworth

Lady of Shalott, Idylls of the King, Ulysses, Charge of the Light Brigade, In Memoriam

Robert Browning: dramatic monologues (My Last Duchess)

Matthew Arnold: also a critic (Dover Beach)

Thomas Hardy: also a novelist (The Man He Killed, Are You Digging on My Grave?)

Elizabeth Barrett Browning: Sonnets from the PortugueseSlide18

Victorian Novelists

Charles Dickens: serialized novels, extremely popular (Great Expectations, Christmas Carol, Tale of Two Cities, Oliver Twist)

William Thackeray: Rival to Dickens (Vanity Fair)

Charlotte Bronte: Wuthering Heights

Emily Bronte: Jane Eyre

Robert Louis Stevenson: Treasure Island, Kidnapped, Dr. Jeckel and Mr. Hyde

Thomas Hardy: (Three Strangers) Tess of the D’Urbervilles, Return of the Native, Far from the Madding Crowd

George Eliot: (Woman) Mill on the Floss, Silas Marner

Rudyard Kipling: Kim, Just So Stories, Jungle Book

W.H. Hudson: How Green Were My Valleys

Joseph Conrad: (The Lagoon) Heart of Darkness, Lord JimSlide19

Victorian (Other)

Gilbert and Sullivan: operettas (Pirates of Penzance, HMS Pinafore)

Lewis Carroll: children’s trippy fantasy/logic fiction (Alice in Wonderland, Through the Looking Glass, The Jabberwocky)

Oscar Wilde: playwright (Importance of Being Ernest), novelist (Portrait of Dorian Grey), short stories (The Canterville Ghost)Slide20

20th Century

George Bernard Shaw: deep comedic plays (Pygmalion, Man and Superman, Major Barbara)

George Orwell: dystopian social criticism (1984, Animal Farm)

Virginia Woolf: Bloomsbury Group: Mrs. Daloway

E.M. Forster: Passage to India, Room with a View

James Joyce: Dubliners, Portrait of the Artist as A young Man, Ulysses, Finnegan’s Wake

Saki: short stories (The Interlopers, Schartz-Metterklume Method)