Narasimhan Santhanam Energy Alternatives India EAI About EAI Leading Indian renewable energy business intelligence market strategy consulting firm Work on all primary renewable energy sectors solar wind biofuels biomass wastetoenergy and small hydro ID: 542041
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Second Generation Biofuels in India – ..." is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Second Generation Biofuels in India – Relevance and Status
Narasimhan
Santhanam
Energy Alternatives India (EAI)Slide2
About EAI
Leading Indian renewable energy business intelligence, market strategy consulting firm
Work on all primary renewable energy sectors – solar, wind, bio-fuels / biomass, waste-to-energy and small hydro
Work on market research, entry and diversification strategy, economic and financial modeling and pre-feasibility analysis
Team comprises professionals from IITs and IIMs, with renewable energy, industry research and economics backgrounds
Based out of Chennai, India
More at
www.eai.in
Slide3
Contents
Biofuels
Biofuels in India
Second Generation Biofuels in IndiaCellulosic EthanolJatropha Biodiesel
Opportunities for IndiaBenefits for IndiaSecond Gen Biofuels – Current Status
The Road AheadSlide4
Introduction to Biofuels
Biofuels
1
st
generation
1
st
generation
2
nd
generation
2
nd
generation
3
rd
generation
Corn
Cane
Maize
Switchgrass
Cellulosic
Gasification
Palm
Soybeans
Rapeseed
Jatropha
Gasification
Algae
Ethanol
BiodieselSlide5
Biofuels in India
Mainly uses first generation feedstocks
Ethanol - Sugarcane molasses
Biodiesel - Rapeseed and other edible oils for biodieselSlide6
Govt Incentives and Plans
Specific mandates and incentives for biofuels
20% biofuels by 2017 (National Policy on Biofuels, 2008)
Mandatory 5% blending for ethanol and biodiesel (Nov 2009)Government agreed on a price of 34 rupees per liter of petrol for biodiesel purchase by oil companies (Nov 2009)
Incentives for Jatropha cultivation (IREDA…)Slide7
Inspite of Mandates & Incentives…
Fuel Ethanol - 60 million gallons in India vs. 15 billion gal worldwide in 2008 (0.4%)
Biodiesel - 10 million gallons vs. 3 billion gallons in 2008 (0.3%)
Less than 0.5% of total transportation fuel in India uses biofuels
It can be inferred that India’s performance in biofuels has been very poorSlide8
Possible Solution
Second Generation
BiofuelsSlide9
Why Second Gen Biofuels Could Be the Solution
First Gen
Second Gen
Food vs. Fuel
Non food biomass
Needs arable land
Can grow on marginal lands
Not scalable
Vast range of biomass makes it scalable
Low yields and viability
Higher yields; more viableSlide10
Second Generation Biofuels in India
Slide11
2
nd Gen Ethanol - Cellulosic Ethanol
Made from cellulosic biomass
Examples of cellulosic biomass – corn stover, switchgrass, crop residues.Scalability is high, but so is current cost of productionHigh cost owing to need for pretreatmentIn late pilot stage, not yet commercializedSlide12
2
nd
Gen Ethanol - Cellulosic EthanolSlide13
Cellulosic Ethanol Potential in India
India produces about 440 million tons of crop residues annually; this translates to about 130 million T of ethanol per annum
India has 63 million ha waste land; translates to about maximum potential of over 500 million T of cellulosic ethanol per annum.
This is equivalent to 350 tons of petroleum.
India’s total crude oil import is about 110 MT per annumSlide14
Cellulosic Ethanol Status
Been primarily a North American phenomenon
Relatively new to India
Mostly in R&D stage, only a few pilot projectsSlide15
Cellulosic Ethanol – Prospects & Problems
Prospects
Problems
Effective utilization of waste biomass
Technology not yet commercial
Could take care of all India’s gasoline substitute needs
High costs of production
Some process routes highly scalable
Lack of R&D in IndiaSlide16
2
nd Gen Biodiesel - Jatropha Biodiesel
First plantations started in the early part of this decade
India was the first country to grow it on large scalePlantations now in other parts of Asia and Africa.No large scale Jatropha biodiesel production yetSlide17
2
nd
Gen Biodiesel - Jatropha Biodiesel
Source:
http://www.rrbconference.com/bestanden/downloads/125.pdf
Slide18
Jatropha Biodiesel Growth in India
Year
Area under cultivation (mill ha)
CAGR
2008
0.5
2010
1.2
55%
2015
1.9
10%Slide19
Jatropha Biodiesel in India -
Prospects & Problems
Prospects
Problems
Significantly reduce our fossil fuel dependency
Much lower yields than expected
Utilize marginal lands
Lack of expert knowledge across entire value chain
Generate rural employment
Not reliable enough for farmers to invest in it Slide20
Opportunities for India in Second Gen Biofuels
Opportunities forOil companies
Farmers
Agri R&D companiesEquipment manufacturersVegetable oil companiesSugar mills and distilleriesSlide21
Opportunities for India in Second Gen BF
Opportunities forLogistics Companies
Biomass to fuels requires significant transportation and material handling
Local employment opportunitiesThe investment in the ethanol industry per job created is $11,000, which is significantly less than the $220,000 per job in the petroleum field.Slide22
Benefits for India from Second Gen Biofuels
Lower fuel import bill
Less dependence on Middle East for oil
More environmentally sustainable transport fuelsHigher rural employmentSlide23
India’s Current Status in Second Gen Biofuels
Second Gen biofuels yet to make any impact in IndiaReasons:
Govt not enforcing mandates and not enough incentives
Low investments by govt and private sectorLittle R&DSlide24
The Road Ahead
Set up apex bodies that can act co-ordinate national level activities – equivalent of National Biodiesel Board for the US
Invest significantly in R&D for both Jatropha and Cellulosic Ethanol
Sponsor grants and other funding to accelerate research and pilot plant projects in second gen biofuelsSlide25
Second Generation
Biofuels Can Provide a Solution to India’s Transport Fuel Woes, But Only If Government and Industry Take Proactive Measures and Make Significant Investments
Slide26
Thank You