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Second Generation Biofuels in India – Relevance and Statu Second Generation Biofuels in India – Relevance and Statu

Second Generation Biofuels in India – Relevance and Statu - PowerPoint Presentation

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Second Generation Biofuels in India – Relevance and Statu - PPT Presentation

Narasimhan Santhanam Energy Alternatives India EAI About EAI Leading Indian renewable energy business intelligence market strategy consulting firm Work on all primary renewable energy sectors solar wind biofuels biomass wastetoenergy and small hydro ID: 542041

india biofuels biodiesel gen biofuels india gen biodiesel ethanol generation cellulosic amp jatropha million fuel india

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Slide1

Second Generation Biofuels in India – Relevance and Status

Narasimhan

Santhanam

Energy Alternatives India (EAI)Slide2

About EAI

Leading Indian renewable energy business intelligence, market strategy consulting firm

Work on all primary renewable energy sectors – solar, wind, bio-fuels / biomass, waste-to-energy and small hydro

Work on market research, entry and diversification strategy, economic and financial modeling and pre-feasibility analysis

Team comprises professionals from IITs and IIMs, with renewable energy, industry research and economics backgrounds

Based out of Chennai, India

More at

www.eai.in

Slide3

Contents

Biofuels

Biofuels in India

Second Generation Biofuels in IndiaCellulosic EthanolJatropha Biodiesel

Opportunities for IndiaBenefits for IndiaSecond Gen Biofuels – Current Status

The Road AheadSlide4

Introduction to Biofuels

Biofuels

1

st

generation

1

st

generation

2

nd

generation

2

nd

generation

3

rd

generation

Corn

Cane

Maize

Switchgrass

Cellulosic

Gasification

Palm

Soybeans

Rapeseed

Jatropha

Gasification

Algae

Ethanol

BiodieselSlide5

Biofuels in India

Mainly uses first generation feedstocks

Ethanol - Sugarcane molasses

Biodiesel - Rapeseed and other edible oils for biodieselSlide6

Govt Incentives and Plans

Specific mandates and incentives for biofuels

20% biofuels by 2017 (National Policy on Biofuels, 2008)

Mandatory 5% blending for ethanol and biodiesel (Nov 2009)Government agreed on a price of 34 rupees per liter of petrol for biodiesel purchase by oil companies (Nov 2009)

Incentives for Jatropha cultivation (IREDA…)Slide7

Inspite of Mandates & Incentives…

Fuel Ethanol - 60 million gallons in India vs. 15 billion gal worldwide in 2008 (0.4%)

Biodiesel - 10 million gallons vs. 3 billion gallons in 2008 (0.3%)

Less than 0.5% of total transportation fuel in India uses biofuels

It can be inferred that India’s performance in biofuels has been very poorSlide8

Possible Solution

Second Generation

BiofuelsSlide9

Why Second Gen Biofuels Could Be the Solution

First Gen

Second Gen

Food vs. Fuel

Non food biomass

Needs arable land

Can grow on marginal lands

Not scalable

Vast range of biomass makes it scalable

Low yields and viability

Higher yields; more viableSlide10

Second Generation Biofuels in India

Slide11

2

nd Gen Ethanol - Cellulosic Ethanol

Made from cellulosic biomass

Examples of cellulosic biomass – corn stover, switchgrass, crop residues.Scalability is high, but so is current cost of productionHigh cost owing to need for pretreatmentIn late pilot stage, not yet commercializedSlide12

2

nd

Gen Ethanol - Cellulosic EthanolSlide13

Cellulosic Ethanol Potential in India

India produces about 440 million tons of crop residues annually; this translates to about 130 million T of ethanol per annum

India has 63 million ha waste land; translates to about maximum potential of over 500 million T of cellulosic ethanol per annum.

This is equivalent to 350 tons of petroleum.

India’s total crude oil import is about 110 MT per annumSlide14

Cellulosic Ethanol Status

Been primarily a North American phenomenon

Relatively new to India

Mostly in R&D stage, only a few pilot projectsSlide15

Cellulosic Ethanol – Prospects & Problems

Prospects

Problems

Effective utilization of waste biomass

Technology not yet commercial

Could take care of all India’s gasoline substitute needs

High costs of production

Some process routes highly scalable

Lack of R&D in IndiaSlide16

2

nd Gen Biodiesel - Jatropha Biodiesel

First plantations started in the early part of this decade

India was the first country to grow it on large scalePlantations now in other parts of Asia and Africa.No large scale Jatropha biodiesel production yetSlide17

2

nd

Gen Biodiesel - Jatropha Biodiesel

Source:

http://www.rrbconference.com/bestanden/downloads/125.pdf

Slide18

Jatropha Biodiesel Growth in India

Year

Area under cultivation (mill ha)

CAGR

2008

0.5

2010

1.2

55%

2015

1.9

10%Slide19

Jatropha Biodiesel in India -

Prospects & Problems

Prospects

Problems

Significantly reduce our fossil fuel dependency

Much lower yields than expected

Utilize marginal lands

Lack of expert knowledge across entire value chain

Generate rural employment

Not reliable enough for farmers to invest in it Slide20

Opportunities for India in Second Gen Biofuels

Opportunities forOil companies

Farmers

Agri R&D companiesEquipment manufacturersVegetable oil companiesSugar mills and distilleriesSlide21

Opportunities for India in Second Gen BF

Opportunities forLogistics Companies

Biomass to fuels requires significant transportation and material handling

Local employment opportunitiesThe investment in the ethanol industry per job created is $11,000, which is significantly less than the $220,000 per job in the petroleum field.Slide22

Benefits for India from Second Gen Biofuels

Lower fuel import bill

Less dependence on Middle East for oil

More environmentally sustainable transport fuelsHigher rural employmentSlide23

India’s Current Status in Second Gen Biofuels

Second Gen biofuels yet to make any impact in IndiaReasons:

Govt not enforcing mandates and not enough incentives

Low investments by govt and private sectorLittle R&DSlide24

The Road Ahead

Set up apex bodies that can act co-ordinate national level activities – equivalent of National Biodiesel Board for the US

Invest significantly in R&D for both Jatropha and Cellulosic Ethanol

Sponsor grants and other funding to accelerate research and pilot plant projects in second gen biofuelsSlide25

Second Generation

Biofuels Can Provide a Solution to India’s Transport Fuel Woes, But Only If Government and Industry Take Proactive Measures and Make Significant Investments

Slide26

Thank You