PPT-Enthalpy

Internal Energy Equation ΔE Q W Q PΔV If the reaction is carried out at a constant volume ΔV 0 then ΔE Q If volume is constant any heat added or removed changes the internal energy. is the enthalpy change when one mole of a compound is formed from its constituent elements under standard conditions. . Enthalpy Change of reaction . is the enthalpy change that accompanies a chemical reaction in molar quantities expressed in a chemical equation. . Unit 1 – Chemical Changes and Structure. Controlling Rate. Factors Affecting Reaction Rate. Particle Size. The smaller the particle size, the greater the surface area, and the faster the reaction. Concentration. IB Topics 5 & 15. PART . 1: Heat and . Calorimetry. Above: thermit rxn. Energy: . a measure of the ability to do work.. Work: . to move an object against an opposing force.. Energy (J) = Force (N) x Distance (m). Enthalpy. Unit . 11. Learning Objective. You should be able to . define and calculate the enthalpy . of a reaction.. You should be able to . identify. whether a reaction is . endothermic or exothermic . Quick Review of Concepts. We have been introduced to heat producing (. exothermic. ) reactions and heat using (. endothermic. ) reactions. Heat is a measure of the transfer of . energy. from a system to the surroundings and from the surroundings to a system. 2. . Know and be able to account for the trends in reactivity with water. , the relative solubility of the hydroxides and sulfates. . The Trend . Hydroxides increase in solubility down the group.. Sulfates decrease in solubility down the group.. n, For a solution prepared using 1 kg of solvent, water and m ()()HaqwMHaqHaq111 kg m==
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The chemical potential of the solvent in an aqueous solution is related to the molality of solute j, m () n, For a solution prepared using 1 kg of solvent, water and m ()()HaqwMHaqHaq111 kg m==
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The chemical potential of the solvent in an aqueous solution is related to the molality of solute j, m () 12.1 Types of Enthalpy Change . 12.2 Born-Haber Cycles. 12.3 Enthalpy Changes – Enthalpy of Solution. 12.4 Mean Bond Enthalpy. 12.5 Entropy. 12.1 Enthalpy Change – Ionic Compounds. Learning Objectives:. Thermodynamics. is the study of energy and how it is interconverted.. First law of thermodynamics. – energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be converted from one form to another (. law of conservation of energy. Standard Enthalpy of Formation (. Δ. H. f. ⁰). The . standard enthalpy of formation (. ΔH. f. ⁰. ) . of a compound is the change in enthalpy that occurs when 1 . mol. of a compound is formed from its elements in their standard . Heat Capacity. Specific Heat Capacity (c): . the quantity of thermal energy required to raise the temperature of 1 g of a substance by 1°C.. Units are in J/g∙°C. Heat Capacity. Specific . heat capacity values can be looked up in tables. Lecture 8 Topics. . Brown chapter 5. 8.1. :. . Kinetic . vs. potential energy. . 5.1. 8.2. :. . Transferring . energy as heat & work. Thermal energy. 8.3: . System . vs. surroundings. Spontaneous Reaction. A reaction that occurs without outside intervention.. Once it occurs it can be fast or slow.. It can go to completion. (Recall the three products produced :. Precipitate (table F), gas, or water.).