Medicis The Italian Renaissance Florence as a citystate Florence was located on the Arno River By 1338 Florence was one of the four biggest cities in Europe Had already been a trade route for centuries ID: 564840
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Slide1
Florence, Venice, the Medicis!
The Italian RenaissanceSlide2
Florence as a city-state
Florence was located on the Arno River
By 1338, Florence was one of the four biggest cities in Europe
Had already been a trade route for centuries
As trade increased during the renaissance, Florence flourished!Slide3
Florence became a center for successful bankers, silk and wool merchants
The wealthy bankers supported the Pope in Rome and in return, the Pope gave all the financial business of the papacy to these bankers.
Florence became so rich, they bought up surrounding cities, expanding their power and control
Through banking and business dealings, Florentines, met new people from other societies and cultures. They were exposed to new ideas and knowledge. Slide4
Social System
Florence was based on a class system
However
The merchant class got wealthier and were able to move up the class ladder.
The merchants organized into guilds
Wool finishersSilk merchantsBankersGuilds were like modern day unionsSlide5
Mad Monarchists
The Medici FamilySlide6
Culture
The Medici family became leaders of Florence
They supported artists (Patron of the arts), architects, and scholars.
Because of this, Florence became a major center of Renaissance culture.
Slide7
Medici Family-Uncrowned monarchs
Very powerful influence for 3 hundred years!
(Mid 1400s - mid 1700s)
They controlled the government
They paid for some of the most beautiful and innovative churches, buildings and monuments in FlorenceEmployed and supported painters, sculptors, architects
They held social events to discuss ideas and artCosimo de Medici “Father of his Country” was a diplomat, Got his wealth and power from banking. He negotiated peace between Florence, Venice, Milan, Rome and NaplesThe end of the Medicis came when French armies invaded ItalySlide8
Interesting Facts about the Medici Family
Although
the names were later changed, Galileo initially named four of the moons of Jupiter he discovered after children of the Medici family.
The
Medici Family produced four popes in total including Pope Leo X, Pope Clement VII, Pope Pius IV, and Pope Leo XI. The
Medici Family is sometimes called the Godfathers of the Renaissance. In 1478 Giuliano Medici was assassinated by the Pazzi family in front of 10,000 people at the Easter church service. Ferdinando de Medici was a patron of music. He helped to fund the invention of the piano.Slide9
1)
Michelangelo's
David
2)
Botticelli's
Birth of Venus
3)
Botticelli's
Allegory of Spring
4)
Giotto's
Maestà
5)
Leonardo da Vinci's
Annunciation
6)
Brunelleschi's Dome
7)
Ghiberti's "Gates of Paradise"
8)
Donatello's
David
9) Masaccio's Trinità10) Fra Angelico's San Marco frescoesSlide10
VeniceSlide11
3 social classes
Upper Class
Aristocracy (Born to nobles
)
Voted for governmentHad control of Venice since tribal times
Cittadini Originarii The originals! (Original citizens) Could not voteCommoners Had some rights as a citizen
Slide12
Marco Polo
Famous for writing about his adventures with his father who was a trader
They travelled to China and back along the silk road
This journey took 17 years!
Can you IMAGINE?!When they returned, people were fascinated by his tales of a foreign land and when he wrote them in a book, it was read with great excitement by Europeans.
Slide13
Venice
Republic
Head of government was called the Doge
A group of wealthy noblemen of the aristocracy ruled that only their families could vote for the Doge
These families were only 2% of the populationMany original citizens were merchants and were able to buy their place in aristocracy
Implemented by Venetian citizensAssociations that met for prayer sessions, collected money for good causes and held mass for members who were sick or dyingLived in fear of the afterlifeDoing good deeds made them feel like there would be less punishmentBecame the social support systems we have in Canada for example (EI, $ for elderly and sick, widows and orphans)
Government
ScuoleSlide14
Venice Gains Importance
It had a stable government
The most successful in sea trade than any other city-state (strong shipyard, naval base and armory)
New merchant class supported the arts, artists flocked to the city
Became the center of European book tradeFirst Italian city-state to use the mechanical printing press
Had a famous university that promoted the study of science, medicine and lawSlide15
How would this have affected the people’s worldviews?
Genoa
A
walled citySlide16
Slide17
Italy’s main commercial port city today
The wall protected the city’s inhabitants from invaders
A city of two faces: One towards the sea and one towards the mountains
Was also a major trade city before the Renaissance
With the beginning of the first crusade in the Middle Ages, crusaders came from England, France and other Western areas into Genoa
The Genovese fleets assisted the crusaders by transporting these crusaders in the Holy Land
Genoans
were paid well for this and granted important trading privilegesSlide18
Genoa
Navy gains control of Constantinople, the largest city in Europe at the time and so also gained control of trade in the Black Sea. (Its like a game)
Things they exported: Wine, olive oil, wool
Things they imported: Furs, spices, corn, Persian goods
Wealthy families saw the opportunity to found a powerful bank to finance trade and the navy
Genoa was also a republic, controlled by powerful familiesSlide19Slide20
Genoa’s decline
In 1463, Genoa lost Constantinople to the Turkish Empire
Milan and later, France took control of Genoa
Many Genovese families managed to hold on to their wealth and independence
Andrea Doria, a navy commander, revived the power of Genoa in 1528 when the Renaissance really got to flourish with families paying for the art and architecture that the other cities had.
Known for Frescoes: water colour painting done on a wall or ceilingSlide21
The Sistine Chapel
~MichelangeloSlide22
What did the three Italian City-States have in common that led to the flourishing Renaissance movement?Slide23
Good location,
(sea ports, land routes)
Small size, easy to protect
Republic governments, Rich families that cared about the arts and knowledge,
focus on banking and trade, open-mindedValued Education