MATERIAL HANDLING DEFINITION : - PowerPoint Presentation

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MATERIAL HANDLINGSlide2

DEFINITION :

Materials handling is the art and science involving the moving, packaging and storing of substances in any form.

ORMaterials handling is the movement and storage of materials at the lowest possible cost through the use of proper methods and equipment.

OR Materials

handling is the moving of materials or product by any means, including storage, and all movements except processing operations and

inspection.

OR

Materials

handling is the art and science of conveying, elevating, positioning, transporting, packaging and storing of materials.Slide3

A well designed materials handling system attempts to achieve the following:

Improve efficiency of a production system by ensuring the right quantity of materials delivered at the right place at the right time most economically

.Cut down indirect labor

cost. Reduce damage of materials during storage and movement.

Maximize

space utilization by proper storage of materials and thereby reduce storage and handling cost.

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5. Minimize

accident during materials handling. 6. Reduce overall cost by improving

materials handling. Improve

customer services by supplying materials in a manner convenient for handlings. Slide5

Principles of Material Handling :Slide6

1. PLANNING PRINCIPLESlide7

PLANNING PRINCIPLE

All material handling should be the result of a deliberate plan where the needs, performance objectives and functional specification of the proposed methods are completely defined at the outset.A material

handing plan defines the material (what) and the moves (when and where

); together they define the method (how and who).Slide8

2. STANDARDIZATION PRINCIPLE

Material handling methods, equipment, controls and software should be standardized within the limits of achieving overall performance objectives and without sacrificing needed flexibility , modularity and throughput anticipation of changing future

requirementsThe planner should select methods and equipment that can perform a variety of tasks under a variety of operating conditions

Standardization applies to sizes of containers and other load forming components as well as operating procedures and equipmentSlide9

3. WORK PRINCIPLE

Material handling work should be minimized without sacrificing productivity or the level of service required of the operation.Simplifying processes by reducing, combining, shortening or eliminating unnecessary moves will reduce work

.Process methods, operation sequences and process/equipment layouts should be prepared that support the work minimization objective.Where possible, gravity should be used to move materials or to assist in their movement while respecting consideration of safety and the potential for product damageSlide10

4. ERGONOMIC PRINCIPLE

Human capabilities and limitations must be recognized and respected in the design of material handling tasks and equipment to ensure safe and effective operations.Equipment should be selected that eliminates repetitive and strenuous manual labor and which effectively interacts with human operators and

usersThe material handling workplace and the equipment employed to assist in that work must be designed so they are safe for peopleSlide11

5. UNIT LOAD PRINCIPLE

A unit load is one that can be stored or moved as a single entity at one

time, such as a pallet, container or tote, regardless of the number of individual items

that make up the load.Less effort and work is required to collect

and move many individual items as

a single

load than to move many items one at

a time.

During manufacturing, smaller

unit loads

, including as few as one item, yield

less in-process

inventory and shorter item

throughput times

.Slide12

6. SPACE UTILIZATION PRINCIPLE

Space in material handling is three dimensional and therefore is counted

as cubic space.Effective and efficient use must be made of all

available space.In work areas, cluttered and unorganized spaces and blocked aisles should be eliminated.

In

storage areas, the objective of maximizing storage density must be balanced against accessibility and selectivity.

When

transporting loads within a facility the use of overhead space should be considered as an option.Slide13

7. SYSTEM PRINCIPLE

Material movement and storage activities should be fully integrated to form a coordinated, operational system which spans receiving, inspection, storage, production, assembly, packaging, unitizing, order selection, shipping, transportation and the handling of returns.Slide14

8. AUTOMATION PRINCIPLE

Material handling operations should be mechanized and/or automated where

feasible to improve operational efficiency, increase responsiveness, improve consistency

and predictability.Computerized material handling systems

should be considered where

appropriate for

effective integration of material

flow and

information management

.

All items expected to be

handled automatically

must have features that

accommodate mechanized

and automated handling.Slide15

9. ENVIRONMENTAL PRINCIPLE

Environmental impact and energy consumption should be considered as criteria

when designing or selecting alternative equipment and material handling systems.

Containers, pallets and other products used to form and protect unit loads should be designed

for reusability when possible

and/or biodegradability

as appropriate

.

Systems design should

accommodate the

handling

of empty containers and

other by-products of material handling.Slide16

10. LIFE CYCLE COST PRINCIPLE

Life cycle costs include all cash flows that will occur between the time

the first dollar is spent to plan or procure a new piece of equipment, or to put

in place a new method, until that method and/or equipment is totally replaced.

A

thorough economic

analysis should

account for the entire life cycle

of all

material handling equipment and

resulting systems.

A long-range plan for replacement

of the

equipment when it becomes

obsolete should

be

prepared.Slide17

TYPES OF MATERIAL HANDLING

CONVEYORSHOISTS AND CRANESFORKLIFT TRUCKTROLLEYSlide18

CONVEYOR

It is a material handling device used for moving material over a fixed path in a factorySlide19

BELT CONVEYOR

Can operate in horizonta

l

direction onlySlide20

ROLLER CONVEYOR

It may be gravity operated or power operated

It can move the material along straight or curved path

It can operate in horizontal direction onlySlide21

SCREW CONVEYOR

Can operate in horizontal,vertical and inclined direction

videos\Vertical Screw Conveyor test for Nestle - powdered sugar - YouTube (360p).mp4`Slide22

BUCKET CONVEYORUses buckets arranged at regular intervals for the movement of material

Operated in vertical or in inclined directionvideos\Gough Engineering Swinglink Bucket Elevator conveying wrapped confectionery - YouTube (360p).mp4Slide23

HOISTMechanical device that can be used to raise and lower loads.

Its available in different capacities depending upon the load to be carriedvideos\12 ft. Tripod with chain hoist - Great way to move heavy logs! - YouTube (360p).mp4Slide24

CRANES

Designed for lifting and moving heavy loads using one or more overhead beams for support.

Hoist is mounted in a crane to a trolley which allows horizontal movement of materialSlide25

BRIDGE CRANEAlso called as EOT Crane (Electric overhead travel)

Two horizontal girders suspended between fixed rails on either end to form a rectangle.This entire unit is connected to the structure of the buildingSlide26

PER_DEEPIKA\videos\EOT crane video.mp4Slide27

GANTRY CRANE

Similar to bridge craneCrane structure is mounted on wheels and can be moved at the place of useVertical lifting is accomplished by hoistSlide28
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JIB CRANEAlso called as pillar crane

It consist of the Horizontal beam that comes out from the vertical beam or wall supportSlide30

PER_DEEPIKA\videos\jib cranes video.mp4Slide31

FORK LIFT TRUCKIndustrial truck of small capacity having two forks attached to the column of the truck.

Used for transporting material at a distance inside a factory.Can be also used to stack material at the height.Slide32

PER_DEEPIKA\videos\Fork lift video.mp4Slide33

TROLLEYSlide34

Criteria for the Selection of material handling equipment

Material to be movedPlant buildings and layoutType of production machines

Type of material flow patternType of productionCost of material handling equipmentHandling cost

List of the equipmentAmount of care & maintenance require for the material handling Slide35

AUTOMATED GUIDE VEHICLESSlide36

Automated guided vehicles (agv)

“A driverless vehicle used to move materials efficiently in a facility”AGVs are sophisticated machines that represent a complete material handling solution and are installed in numerous industries and a wide range of applications.

AGVs can increase efficiency and productivity as well as reduce product damage and labor costs.Slide37

VEHICLE FUNCTIONS:

MAN/VEHICLE FUNCTIONSInputs

made via operator panel with its keyboard and displayDestination input to the vehicle

Plug-in manual control and diagnosis module

Route (destination) finding

High vehicle intelligence

Travel route topology stored in the vehicle

Destination code processing

Load-sensing and empty location recognition

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Data

exchange Infrared Radio

Special functions Battery

reserve monitoring Control of battery charging Obstacle

recognition

Load

handling

Load

acceptance

Load

depositing

Load

monitoring

Load

transfer synchronization Slide39

Travel

control Speed Safety

gap maintenance Collision protection.Slide40

DIFFERENT TYPES OF AVGS

FORKSlide41

TOW/TUGGERSlide42

UNIT LOADSlide43

CUSTOMSlide44

VIDEOS :

PER_DEEPIKA\videos\Toyota's Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) (1).mp4PER_DEEPIKA\videos\Automated Guided Vehicles (AGV) for fully-automated pallet transport, Fashion Logistics.mp4