Chapter 5 Molecules and Compounds Learning Goals Distinguish between common and systematic names for compounds Name binary ionic compounds containing a metal that forms only one type of ion ID: 904564
Download The PPT/PDF document "Section 3: Naming Ionic Compounds" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Section 3: Naming Ionic Compounds
Chapter 5: Molecules and Compounds
Slide2Learning Goals
Distinguish
between common and systematic names for compounds.
Name
binary ionic compounds containing a metal that forms only one type of ion.
Name
binary ionic compounds containing a metal that forms more than one type of ion.
Name
ionic compounds containing a polyatomic ion.
Slide3Naming Compounds
Chemists have developed systematic ways to name compounds.
If you learn the naming rules, you can examine a compound’s formula and determine its name, and vice versa.
Many compounds also have a common name.
NaCl
has the common name
salt
and the systematic name
sodium chloride.
Slide4Naming Ionic Compounds
Identify if the metal
cation
has more than one potential charge.
Such metals are usually (but not always) found in the transition metals section of the periodic table.
Notable Exceptions:
Always Zn
2+
and
Ag
+
Sn and
Pb
can have multiple charges
Slide5Slide6Slide7Binary Ionic Compounds
Binary compounds are those that contain only two
different
elements. The names for binary ionic compounds containing a metal that forms only one type of ion have the following form:
Name of
Cation
+ Base Name of Anion +
ide
Slide8Binary Ionic Compounds
Since the charge of the metal is always the same for these types of compounds, it need not be specified in the compound’s name.
Example: MgF
2
Slide9Binary Ionic Compounds
Slide10Practice
Name these compounds:
CaO
Al
2
O
3
KF
MgCl
2
Li
3
N
Slide11Practice
Write the formula for these ionic compounds:
Potassium bromide
Sodium oxide
Zinc nitride
Slide12Binary Ionic Compounds
If the
cation
could have more than one charge, then the
charge must be specified in the metal’s name.
We specify the charge with a Roman numeral (in parentheses) following the name of the metal.
Slide13Binary Ionic Compounds
For example,
we
distinguish between Cu
+
and Cu
2+
by writing a (I) to indicate the 1+ ion or a (II) to indicate the 2+
ion:
Cu
+
Copper(I)Cu2+ Copper(II
)
Slide14Binary Ionic Compounds
These compounds are named using the following form:
Name of
Cation
Base Name of Anion +
ide
(charge of metal in roman numerals)
+
+
Slide15Binary Ionic Compounds
We can determine the charge of the metal from the chemical formula of the compound.
The sum of all the charges must be zero.
Slide16Binary Ionic Compounds
What is the
charge of iron in
FeCl
3
?
+3
What is the name for FeCl
3
?
Iron (III) Chloride
Slide17Practice
Name the following compounds:
PbCl
4
PbO
Explain why
CaO
is not named calcium (II) oxide.
Slide18Practice
Write the formula for the following compounds:
Chromium (II) chloride
Tin (IV) oxide
Iron (III) oxide
Slide19Polyatomic Ionic Compounds
Ionic
compounds containing polyatomic ions are named using the same procedure we apply to other ionic compounds, except that we use the name of the polyatomic ion whenever it occurs.
Slide20Polyatomic Ionic Compounds
For example, we name KNO
3
using its
cation
, K
+
, potassium, and its polyatomic anion, NO
3
-
, nitrate.
KNO
3 potassium nitrate
Slide21Practice
Fe(OH)
2
NH
4
NO
3
Slide22Practice
Write the formula for the following compounds:
barium nitrate
ammonium iodide
iron (III) hydroxide
Slide23Polyatomic Ionic Compounds
Many polyatomic ions are
oxyanions,
anions containing oxygen.
When a series of oxyanions contain different numbers of oxygen atoms, they are named systematically according to the number of oxygen atoms in the ion.
Slide24Polyatomic Ionic Compounds
If
there are two ions in the series, the one with more oxygen atoms is given the
ending -
ate
and the one with fewer is given the ending -
ite
.
NO
3
−
nitrate SO4
2− sulfate NO2− nitrite SO32− sulfite
Slide25Polyatomic Ionic Compounds
If there are more than two ions in the series, then the prefixes hypo-, meaning “less than,” and per-, meaning “more than,” are used.
ClO
−
hypochlorite
BrO
−
hypobromite
ClO2− chlorite
BrO2− bromite ClO3− chlorate
BrO
3
−
bromate
ClO
4
−
perchlorate
BrO
4
−perbromate
Slide26Practice
K
2
CrO
4
Mn
(NO
3
)
2
Slide27Practice
Write the formula for the following compounds:
sodium
perchlorate
sodium chlorite
sodium nitrate
sodium nitrite