Dr Mohit Bhatia Assistant Professor Department of Microbiology AIIMS Rishikesh HEPATOTROPISM Special affinity for or exerting a specific effect on the liver which is usually seen with chemical compounds or hepatitis viruses ID: 909881
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Slide1
Hepatitis viruses: An overview
Dr. Mohit Bhatia
Assistant Professor
Department of Microbiology
AIIMS, Rishikesh
Slide2Slide3HEPATOTROPISM
Special affinity for or exerting a specific effect on the liver which is usually seen with chemical compounds or hepatitis viruses
HEPATOTROPIC VIRUSES
Hepatitis A virus
Hepatitis B virus
Hepatitis C virusHepatitis D virusHepatitis E virus
NON-HEPATOTROPIC VIRUSES
Herpesviridae
Flaviviridae
Togaviridae
Arenaviridae
Bunyaviridae
Reoviridae
Filoviridae
Orthomyxoviridae
Adenoviruses
Parvovirus B19
Slide4Hepatotropic vs Non-
hepatotropic
viruses
Hepatotropic virusesImmunopathogenesisNo direct cytopathic effectsChronicity-: Hepatitis B & CTreatment regimens availableNon-hepatotropic virusesImmunopathogenesisGenerally non-cytopathic except Yellow fever virus (eosinophilic degradation via kupffer cells)Chronicity:??? EBV, Parvovirus B19Treatment guidelines: No specific guidelines. Treatment of underlying cause + specific antivirals
Slide5FEATURES OF HEPATITIS VIRUSES
Slide6Slide7OVERVIEW OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS
Slide8TYPING
SEROTYPES
GENOTYPES
Slide9HBV genome
Slide10HCV: An overview
Slide11SUMMARY OF HCV PROTEINS
S.NO.
PROTEIN
TYPEFUNCTIONS
1.
HCV core proteinStructuralMakes up the viral nucleocapsid.Affects host cell functions like gene transcription, lipid metabolism, apoptosis and various signaling pathways
Directly or indirectly involved in hepato-carcinogenesis and steatosis hepatitis
2.
Envelope proteins-E1&E2
Structural
Play an important role in cell entry.
E1 serves as the fusogenic subunit.
E2 acts as the receptor binding subunit of the HCV envelope.
3.
P7 protein
Structural
P7 has characteristics similar to those of a group of proteins called viroporins.
Forms ion channels that play an essential role in virus infection.
Essential for virus particle assembly and release of infectious virions in a genotype specific manner.
4.
NS2 protein
Non-structural
Essential for completion of the viral replication cycle in vitro and in vivo.
5.
NS3 protein
Non-structural
It is a multifunctional protein whose N & C terminals have serine protease & NTPase/helicase activities respectively.
6.
NS4A protein
Non-structural
Acts as a cofactor for NS3 protein.
Also required for the phosphorylation of NS5A and can directly interact with NS5A
7.
NS4B protein
Non-structural
Plays an important role for recruitment of other viral proteins.
8.
NS5A protein
Non-structural
Plays an important role in viral replication, modulation of cell signaling pathways and interferon response.
9.
NS5B protein
Non-structural
Acts as RNA dependent RNA polymerase and plays an important role in synthesis of new RNA genome.
Slide12GENETIC DIVERSITY OF HCV
Genotypes
Subtypes
QuasispeciesE2 Envelope protein
Slide13HDV
Slide14Thank you