PG Lecture 17.07.2020 Viruses of Hepatitis - PowerPoint Presentation

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PG Lecture

17.07.2020

Viruses of Hepatitis

Table showing the Differences between Hepatitis A, B, C, D and E

Hepatitis A

Hepatitis B

Hepatitis C

Hepatitis D

Hepatitis E

Aetiology (cause)

Hepatitis A Virus

Hepatitis B Virus

Hepatitis C Virus

Hepatitis D Virus

Hepatitis E Virus

Structure

Single stranded RNA virus

Single Stranded DNA virus

Single Stranded RNA virus

Single Stranded RNA virus

Single Stranded RNA virus

Presence of Envelope

Non-enveloped virus

Enveloped virus

Enveloped virus

Enveloped virus

Non-enveloped virus

Viral Family

Picorna

virus

Hepadna

virus

Flavi

virus

No Viral Family but known as Delta virus

Hepevirus

Incubation Period

2 to 7 weeks

6 weeks to 6 months

2 to 23 weeks

2 to 8 weeks

3 to 9 weeks

Table showing the Differences between Hepatitis A, B, C, D and E

Mode of Transmission

Eating contaminated food and drinks (

Feco

-oral spread)

Mostly by blood and sexual contact

By blood and sexual contact

Coinfection

or

superinfection

with Hepatitis B

Feco

-orally spread

Mother to Child

May not be transmitted to baby in pregnancy

Mother can transmit to baby during birth

Mother can transmit to baby during birth

May not be transmitted to baby in pregnancy

May not be transmitted to baby in pregnancy

Treatment and Drugs

No drugs; only treated by supporting the body to fight the infection

Antiretroviral drugs (e.g.

Lamivudine

)

Harvoni

(

ledipasvir

and

Sofosbuvir

) and

Sovaldi

(only

sofosbuvir

)drugs

Lonafarnib

and

pegylated

interferon

No treatment, only supportive management

Severity and Complications

Does not cause Liver cancer

Can cause Liver cancer

Can cause Liver cancer

Does not cause Liver cancer on its own but worsen it in Hepatitis B infection

Does not cause liver cancer. It has bad outcome in Pregnant women

Vaccines availability

There is a vaccine

There is vaccine available

There is no vaccine

Vaccination against Hepatitis B is protective

There is vaccine

Differences between Hepatitis A, B, C, D and E

Hepatitis

B and C can cause liver disease such as liver cirrhosis and liver cancer but Hepatitis A and E does not

Hepatitis E affects pregnant women more

Hepatitis B is more deadly than hepatitis C as

Hep

B is more infectious and drugs of treatment do not cure the disease but reduces the rate of progression.

Hepatitis A, B and E have vaccines whereas Hepatitis C and D have none

Drugs for treatment of Hepatitis B and C are available whereas Hepatitis A and E treatment are supportive

In terms of Epidemics, Hepatitis A causes outbreaks more than other kinds of Hepatitis

The viral infection with the shortest incubation occurs in Hepatitis A and D whereas the longest incubation period is with Hepatitis B and C

The commonest form is Hepatitis A whereas D is rare and only occurs in those with

Hep

B

Hepatitis C is curable but the drugs are more costly than any other type of Hepatitis

The Only DNA virus is Hepatitis B

Comparison (similarities) of Hepatitis A, B, C, D and E viruses

All

are caused by Viruses named according to the letters of the alphabets

All forms of viral

hepatitides

have similar symptoms such as vomiting, yellowish eyes and skin (Jaundice), fatigue ( feeling tired), abdominal pains

They affect the liver cells

Hepatitis B and C both can cause liver cirrhosis or liver cancer

All types have acute stages

Hepatitis B, C and D have envelops

Hepatitis A and E have no envelop

Hepatitis A, B and C have viral families

Hepatitis D have no family while Hepatitis E virus family may be controversial

Hepatitis A and E are both transmitted

feco

-orally

Hepatitis B and C have both have similar methods of spread by blood and contact with body fluids such as during sexual contact

All are single stranded viruses

With the exception of Hepatitis B being a DNA virus, other kinds such as Hepatitis A, C, D and E are RNA viruses

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