Centre of Excellence for - PowerPoint Presentation

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Centre of Excellencefor Training and Research in Frontier Areas of Science & Technology (FAST)URBAN SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

AProgress Report

October 19, 2016

Centre for Urban Science & Engineering

Indian Institute of Technology Bombay

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InformaticsInfrastructure

Planning

& Design

Policy

&

Governance

Quality

of

Life

Housing

Land use policies

Public Spaces

Risk Management

Employment

Environment

Housing Economics

Health

Education

BuildingsTransportation – Land useUrban waterSmart EnergyWaste Management

Citizen ScienceCyber-Physical SystemsUrban Knowledge BanksGeo-Spatial Technologies

Integrated Approach

Urban issues cover a vast range of disciplines…Enabler, Developer, Evaluator, Integrator...Create Urban Knowledge Repositories Assist national/state/city agenciesExploiting Informatics - Use information and algorithms to improve quality of lifeTraining of Human Resources

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About Centre for Urban Science & Engineering (C-USE)Indian Institute of Technology BombayC-USE established on 2013 [http://cuse.iitb.ac.in/]Core Faculty: [http://cuse.iitb.ac.in/people/faculty/]Prof. Krithi Ramamritham, Head Prof. Arnab Jana

Prof. Ronita BardhanThere are many distinguished faculty are associated with C-USE from various departments like, CESE, CIVIL, CSE, CSRE, DESE, ELECTRICAL, HSS, IDC, IEOR, MECHANICAL, SJMSOM

PhD Students (Total

22) [http://cuse.iitb.ac.in/people/students/]

Project Staff (Total 8) [http://cuse.iitb.ac.in/people/staff

/]Several Visiting Faculties

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Research and Development #1: Sustainable Urban HabitatSustainable Urban Habitation

Energy efficiency in buildings

Sustainability in slums

Improving air quality in low income housing

Daylight and natural ventilation

Energy systems analysis of slum forms : Data-driven

Low Household Air Pollution through effective kitchen design

Energy saving route and thermal comfort for middle and lower income households

Sustainability guidelines for slums

Relatively better health in the households

Goals:

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Research and Development #2: Habitat and Quality of LifeHousing crisis and informality in settlement growthEffects of Transit Corridors in Urban AreasTo

assess and locate affordable and accessible housing

[

Association between travel time and the individual 

capability (i.e., all the opportunities he/she can undertake actions and activities, given economic, social, and mobility constraints)]

[Impact of being poor on time use decisions][

Urban-rural differences in Indian time use behavior to shed some light on disparity and social exclusion issues]

The open data movement promises access to–information by offering alternative sources for information and free or low

cost analytical platforms

Informatics

Data Science

Habitat

Development

Accessibility Value of Time

Strategizing Urban Health Policy Implementation

to

quantify the gap in accessing affordable health care facilities faced by the socio-economically weaker sections of

society

AccessibilityHealthcare

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Few Research Highlights6

Exploiting Solar Energy in Urban Areas: Potential and Approaches to ExploitationSanthosh JoisSupervised by: Prof. Ramamritham & Prof. AgarwalTo estimate the solar energy potential and study the feasibility of facade based BIPV in urban areas

To study the impact of BIPV technology on human thermal comfort

To optimize

power generation from BIPV by developing the necessary power electronics hardware

To make recommendations and guidelines on the use of facade based BIPV in urban areas

Work Done

Influence of the surrounding obstacles on

potential is simulated

Power electronics circuit designed for the experiment

Selection of sensors, base plan for the experiments

Implementation of solar structure for thermal impact assessment

Future Works

Real time irradiance measurement using flexible panels

Module placement and assembly optimization

Implementation of designed experiment

Case studies to validate research findings

Recommendations and guidelines for BIPV installations on the facades

Objective

Research Flow

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Energy sharing in smart microgrid using renewable source and battery storageKevin Joshi Under

the supervision of Prof. Krithi Ramamritham

Motivation

Around 75% of electricity is consumed by buildings

Non-linear cost of generation makes the consumption during peak hours more expensive

Projected goals and installed capacity of solar rooftop and the resulting producer – consumer behaviour

Challenges in integration of renewable energy source and battery storage, Net metering

To provide incentives for consumers and utilities by reducing energy consumption, peak shaving while complying with consumer’s need

Methodology

Each housing unit has a local controller and are linked in an electrical network

The

central controller

decides and relays

information

to each housing unit on

consumption and storage while sharing

it with other units in the same cluster

Progress and way forward

Analysis of energy consumption data for a household (Smart* dataset) and a office building (

KReSIT)Simulation to find optimal charging strategies for integrating energy storage for a building / domestic household with renewable energy sourceSimulation experiments under

ToD pricing schemes usingconventional control theory approach – model based

machine learning – without underlying model

Objectives

To design a energy-sharing system architecture for participants in a

microgrid

with renewable energy source and battery storage under

ToD

pricing scheme

To minimize the electricity cost

by energy-sharing among participants and optimally storing energy in batteries considering scheduled power outages

To evaluate the scalability of the energy-sharing system for deployment at a community level

by effectively clustering participants with different consumption patterns

Information Flow to and from the central controller and participants

Energy Flow within the participants

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To incorporate environmental constraints. To generate roadmaps of options to achieve (sustainable) urban regeneration.

Urban regeneration provides both opportunity and challenges. However, opportunity to regenerate the city with desired vision (sustainable development) is concomitantly challenged by complexity of urban regeneration related issues like technical and financial feasibility, environmental sustainability and acceptability by stakeholders.

Transition of Indian cities: A framework for analysing urban regeneration policies and practices

Nambram

Sushibala

Devi | Supervised

by

Prof.

Arnab

Jana &

Prof

.

K. Narayanan

MDGs

- Millennium Development Goals

SDGs

- Sustainable Development Goals

UNFCCC

- United Nations Framework Convention for Climate Change

INDC - Intended Nationally Determined Contribution JNNURM - Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission AMRUT - Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation HRIDAY -.Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana

Motivation

1. To study barriers to urban regeneration from past and present examples.

2. To formulate a framework for analyzing (sustainable)

urban regeneration policies and practices for Indian cities.

3. To validate the framework by analyzing policy measures

and practices for (sustainable) urban regeneration for Indian

cities.

Objective

Problem statement

Work in progress

Introduction

Critical review of urban regeneration strategies such as mega event led; market force led; digital innovation led; new sustainability paradigm led urban regeneration etc..

Literature review of policy analysis methods and practices for transition to sustainable development.

Primary and secondary data collection

Future Work and Expected Results

Existing

Indian Cities are facing tremendous pressure on social and physical infrastructure due to rapid urban growth and urban decay which misbalanced the demand and supply equilibrium.

In addition to the above India faces challenges to abide by the conditions set out to mitigate and adapt to climate change and achieve sustainable development goals.

Government of India formulated policies and programs to transition towards sustainability and set out goals and objectives to achieve by 2030 and there is need to analyze these policies and programs.

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Field Survey and Analysis and Arriving at the conceptual framework.Contextual planning guidelines for city development.

Does a specific urban configuration incite specific natural movement tendency?

Can urban areas be classified according to their natural movement tendencies?

Can we arrive at a contextual specific definition of city development?

Effect of Urban Spatial Configuration on City's cognitive image and movement behavior

Solanki Ghosh | Supervised

by

Prof.

Ronita Bardhan

Motivation

Ghosh, S, and Bardhan, R.;

Understanding variables for contextual re-generation of Urban Areas

, 52nd ISOCARP Congress 2016 – Cities we have vs Cities we need; September, 2016, Durban, South Africa

.

All the factors affecting the image of the place, derived from the literature study can be grouped into the above three categories, Accessibility, Physical Chaos, and Activity Chaos.

These three characteristics of a place taken together describes the Entropy of the place.

Aim

Research Questions

The aim of this research is to see how spatial pattern and functional distribution effects city's cognitive image and human movement

behavior.

Most of the city development goals are aimed infrastructure building and context development objectives are generally overlooked.

The people residing there do not identify with the city and they do not 'give back' to the city.

Therefore, it is imperative for the new generation city planners to study the synergy between culture, economy and spatial patterns.

Objectives & Research Flow Diagram:

Work done:

Objective 1: Defining variables for the study

Future Work and Expected Results

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Objectives

Urban Form Determinants of outdoor thermal environment of neighbourhoods

Methodology

Source: Landsat 8 TIRS/OLI Feb, 2015

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2

3

4

Vihar lake

Airport

Island city

Mahim creek

1

2

3

Thermal Profile -Section A to B

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Surface temperature Profile of Mumbai

To device Urban Form metrics for categorisation of

Urban Form Typologies (UFTs) based on the built form and surface properties.

What is appropriate scale of the enquiry ( to define relationship between Urban Form and RES)

To estimate and analyse spatial variation of land surface temperatures across UFT in Mumbai.

Derive functional relationship between the parameters of Urban form and Land surface temperature (LST).

To identify hot spot areas, i.e. highly stressed temperature zones in Mumbai and thereby frame suitable urban form policy interventions to combat urban heating.

Publication

Mehrotra

, S., Bardhan R

., 

Ramamritham

K., (2016) Built Form Determinants of Urban Land Surface Temperature: A Case of Mumbai, 

G. Habert, A. Schlueter (eds.): Expanding Boundaries © 2016 vdf Hochschulverlag AG an der ETH Zürich, DOI 10.3218/3774-6_7, ISBN 978-3-7281-3774-6, http://vdf.ch/expanding-boundaries.html

Work done

- Metrics to analyse the relationship between UFTs and LST.

Image fusion for Built Form pattern extraction of space Metrics

Established relationship between Built-up, Vegetation and LST

- Spatial variance of LST and Hot spot analysis across Mumbai city.

Field data collection on ‘Mean radiant temperature’ and ‘Heat Index’

Expected results and Future work

- Simulation of urban form parameters that significantly influences 'Urban temperature' at the neighbourhood level.

Spatial and diurnal Temperature variance

across different UFTs.

Validation of simulations results

Quantification of thermal impact of urban

neighbourhoods

.

Surabhi

Meherotra

Prof

. Ronita Bardhan and Prof.

Krithi

Ramamritham

Urban built form typologies

Identifying urban form variable

Built form

Surface Heating

Urban Surface

Land Surface Temperature

Indices:

NDVI, NDBI

Indices:

-SVF, Building Height

Building distance, FSI

Guidelines for urban development

Determining significant scale of analysis

Establish linkages between urban form and LST

Simulations of Urban form typologies

Analysing data at block level, neighbourhood level and city level

Validation through field surveys

Satellite Images

Identifying key Urban form variables

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Grant Requested12

Half yearly Plan for the next half year (October-March 2017)Deliverable Likely cost (in Rs lakh)HEALTHCARE ACCESS: Effects of improvised health care access on Urban poor2,500,000.00URBAN

HEAT ISLANDS focusing on Climate ChangeSimulation of urban form parameters that significantly influences 'Urban temperature' at the neighborhood level.Spatial and diurnal Temperature variance Validation of simulations results

Quantification of thermal impact of urban neighborhoods.

2,500,000.00

BUILDING SCIENCE &

ENERGY USEOptimal charging strategies for integrating energy storage for a building / domestic household with renewable energy source

2,500,000.00

Total

7,500,000.00

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Thank you very much!For Details, please contact:Krithi Ramamritham | Professor & HeadArnab Jana | Assistant Professor

Ronita Bardhan | Assistant ProfessorEmail: arnab.jana@iitb.ac.in

Students @ C-USE

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