th century As long as grass grows or water runs Relations and Treaties in R evolution E ra The Northwest Ordinance Passed by the Continental Congress T he utmost good faith shall always be observed towards the Indians their lands and property shall never be taken from ID: 581220
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Slide1
A History of US – Native/American relations in the 19th century.
As long as grass grows or water runsSlide2
Relations and Treaties in Revolution E
ra
The
Northwest Ordinance
Passed
by the Continental
Congress
“
T
he
utmost good faith shall always be observed towards the Indians; their lands and property shall never be taken from them without their
consent.”
US Constitution/Paris Peace Treaty
Grants
Congress the power to “regulate Commerce with foreign
Nations...,
and with the Indian tribes.”
Establishes
a government-to-government relationship with tribes.
Federal
government, rather than states, is involved in Indian affairs
.
Moved Indian Territory beyond MississippiSlide3Slide4
Native American Removal
1830 - most territories E of Mississippi had become states
Most
tribes
surrounded by white settlements
Jackson
Did not regard the tribes as separate nations
Paternalist view of tribes
"uncivilized."
Assimilation or
cultural genocide?
Indian Removal Act
(1830)
Jackson proposed bodily removal of remaining
Indians
beyond the Mississippi to
Indian Territory
(Oklahoma)
Individual Indians might remain if they adopted white ways
More than 100,000 Indians forcibly uprooted and moved Slide5Slide6
Bureaucracy
Bureau of Indian Affairs
Est
. 1836 to administer relations with Native Americans
Cherokee Nation v. Georgia, 1831
Cherokee challenged GA law making Cherokee laws null & void
GA Supreme Court: Cherokee lacked jurisdiction over its land,
A
"domestic dependent, nation" possessing some sovereignty, but
not a foreign nation
Major blow to Cherokee rights as independent nationSlide7
A History of the Standing Rock Reservation
By 1860s both Natives had been forced west into reservations and US territories.
Nomadic people forced to farm
White settlers demanded protection
In response, Great Sioux Reservation formed in 1868
Gold discovered in sacred Black Hills, which the US
govt
re-takes
LBH-Custer’s Last Stand
Further reduced by Dawes Act
Incentivized assimilation and reduced landsSlide8Slide9
Socratic Questions
What are the arguments used to make you oppose the pipeline?
What are the arguments in support?
Which rhetorical strategies did each author employ? Did they appeal to your logic or emotions? Were these effective strategies?
Why might the members of the Standing Rock Reservation not have aired their grievances previously?
If the burial grounds are authentic, should the pipeline move?
What are the pull factors bringing non-members to Standing Rock?
Should the Dakota Access Pipeline be moved?
Should it be built at all?