PICK UP THE THREE THINGS AT THE FRONT 1 packet 2 papers 1 Who were the two researchers who won the Nobel prize for research on how cortical cells respond to light 2 What is the point called where the optic nerves cross over ID: 363188
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Bell-Ringer
PICK UP THE THREE THINGS AT THE FRONT (1 packet, 2 papers)1) Who were the two researchers who won the Nobel prize for research on how cortical cells respond to light?2) What is the point called where the optic nerves cross over?3) How long does it take for rods and cones to completely adjust for dark adaptation?4) What are cones specialized to deal with? How many do we have?Slide2
Perceiving Forms, Patterns, and ObjectsSlide3
What
Do You See?In your notes, write down what you see in the pictures in the upcoming slidesSlide4Slide5Slide6Slide7Slide8Slide9Slide10Slide11Slide12Slide13
Reversible Figures- a drawing that is compatible with two interpretations that can shift back and forth
The same visual input can result in radically different perceptionsPrincipal reason that people’s experiences of the world are subjectivePerceptual set- readiness to perceive a stimulus in a certain wayManipulate people’s expectations!How does culture impact people’s perception?Slide14
Input selection
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ahg6qcgoay4What do we focus our attention on?How many times does the white team pass the basketball?Slide15
Inattentional
BlindnessThe failure to see visible objects or events because one’s attention is focused elsewherePeople tend to overlook obvious things that are unexpected and they are not focused onhttp://abcnews.go.com/WhatWouldYouDo/video/fall-lost-dog-inattentional-blindness-19859278
Auditory as well!Slide16
Feature Analysis
Information isn’t any good if we don’t recognize any objects!Feature Analysis- process of detecting specific elements in visual input and assembling them into a more complex formSlide17
Bottom-Up processing
Hubel/Wiesel recapBottom-Up Processing- progression from individual elements to the wholeDoes this reflect everything? Slide18
Top-Down Processing
Top-Down processing- the progression from the whole to the elementsReading words!Slide19
Subjective Contours
Subjective Contours- the perception of contours where none actually existSlide20
Gestalt PrinciplesSlide21
Gestalt Psychology
Germany in the 20th century (1900’s)( “gestalt” means ‘shape’ in German)The whole is greater than the sum of its partsSlide22
Is The King of Pop Really Moving?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7n2YF7mfP5sSlide23
Phi Phenomenon
The illusion of movement created by presenting visual stimuli in rapid successionMovies and TV?Slide24
Figure and Ground
Figure-what is being looked atGround- background against which it standsFiguresMore substanceAppear closerHigher contrastGreater in symmetrySmallerSlide25
Proximity
Things close to each other seem to belong together
See what I did there?Slide26
Closure
Group elements to create a sense of closure, or completenessSlide27
Similarity
Group stimuli that are similarSlide28
Simplicity
Pragnanz (German for ‘good form’)People tend to group elements that combine to form a good figureSlide29
Continuity
Tendency to follow whatever direction they’ve been ledTendency to connect points that result in straight or gently curved lines that create smooth pathsSlide30
The Virgin Mary in a Lemon Slice or Nah?
http://www.thepsychfiles.com/2007/10/episode-31-lemon-slices-and-a-new-face-on-mars-gestalt-principles-at-work/Slide31
Formulating perceptual hypotheses
Two kinds of stimuliDistal- stimuli that lie in the distance (the world outside the body)Proximal- stimulus energies that impinge directly on sensory receptors(These are the two dimensional versions of their actual three-dimensional counterparts)Slide32
Making sense- Perceptual Hypothesis
An inference about which distal stimuli could be responsible for the proximal stimuli sensedWe make educated guesses about what form it is!Slide33
Old WomanSlide34
Old Woman vs. Young Woman
Why the ambiguity?You see the one you expect to see/are led to seeSlide35
Necker Cube
Where is the front? Where is the back?Slide36
Context is everything
Words and surrounding letters create expectationsSlide37Slide38
Experience-based observations
We recognize everyday objects more quickly when presented with familiar viewpoints as opposed to unfamiliar viewpointsCertain things go together!