By : Jennifer Araujo Jocelyn De La - PowerPoint Presentation

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By: Jennifer Araujo Jocelyn De La OJulia JacksonEmily Olearczyk

Eva Perón 1919-1952

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Don’t Cry For Me Argentina

The Life and political career of Eva Perón, Argentina’s first lady, women's right activist, actress, political leader, and Evita

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Early life

Born María Eva Duarte on May 7th 1919 in Los Todos, ArgentinaHer mother was Juana IbargurenHer father, Juan Duarte, was a wealthy rancher in Chivilcoy, where he already had a wife and familyHe abandoned Eva and her 4 siblings when she was 1 year oldEva was a part of the “second family” Considered bastards and lived an isolated life

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The Death Of Her Father

January 8, 1926 her father is killed in a car crash

During the funeral, they could pay respects but were not allowed to stay

Mrs. Juan Duarte (His legitimate wife) did not want her husbands mistress and family to attend the funeral so they were promptly kicked out

This bitter memory caused her to destroy her original birth certificate as means to destroy that from her past in 1945

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Move to Junín, Argentina

She and her family move into a 1 bedroom apartment in Junín

To pay rent they all got odd jobs and turned the home into a boarding home

Her mother was a seamstress and cook

Eva participates in many school plays like, Arriba

Estudiantes

, or Students Arise!

Her mother wanted her to marry a bachelor, Eva wanted to become a famous actress

In her autobiography she states, “Even as a little girl I wanted to recite. It was as though I wished to say something to others, something important which I felt in my deepest heart” (The Reason for My Life)

While in Junín her voice was broadcasted for the first time over the radio on House of Music

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Off To Buenos Aires!

At 15, she moves to Buenos Aires to pursue her careerTraveled around with a theatre company and modeled1937: first film role in Segundos Afuera, got a contract to perform over radio1942: 5 year contract to perform with Radio BelgranoGreat Women of HistoryElizabeth I of England, last Tsarina of RussiaOne of the highest paid radio-actresses Short lived acting career, moves to politics

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First Beginnings With Juan Perón

January 15, 1944 an earthquake kills over 10,000 people in San JuanSecretary of Labor, Perón begins a fundraiser, an “artistic festival” where all of Argentina’s radio and TV personalities were invited.January 22, 1944 a gala was held at Luna Park Stadium where Eva and Juan first meet.She was 24, he was 48May 1944, she was chosen as president for Agrupación Radial Argentina, a union which she founded a year earlierShe spoke on behalf of Juan on her radio talk show, Toward a Better futureShe spoke of her humble upbringing which helped appeal to the poor working classesWhen he was arrested, she supposedly gathered thousands to help free him on October 17 They were married that December

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Argentina

Elite and military supported government 1930’s import substitution industrialization → working class doubledFemale wage labor force 62% increase Tensions between elite and rest of Argentina (European immigrants drawn in from early 1990s strong economy, middle class, working class, rural people)

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Argentina & Peronism

Peronism/justicialismo: political movement based on Juan and Eva Peron’s ideas/programsCapitalist-socialist medianJuan Perón presidency 1946Populist governmentNational appeal to public sectorsElite disapproval → political advantage“Voice of the descamisados” (the shirtless ones; Argentine workers)

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Eva Peron & Evita

“I have no interest in talking about Eva Peron…I am interested in talking about "Evita;“…because whoever understands "Evita“ perhaps also grasps more easily her "

descamisados

,”

the people themselves, who will never aggrandize themselves

”

Supported women’s right to vote

Latin American feminism

Evita,

wife

of the leader

Pride

in being woman

Feminism has become ridiculous and masculinization of females

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Eva Peron vs.

Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner

Popularity of her husband, President Nestor KirchnerPeronist partyKirchner 2007 presidencyBoth women greatly involved in husbands’ politics

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Peron’s Mission For Women

Profession as women – to create

Family home

Vocation to sacrifice

Right to create,

alongside man

, a better humanity

Mother of family work for no salary

concern: women’s movement should focus on improving lives through the home

→ should give monthly salary to wives/mothers

Eva’s monthly salary idea was one of many molded around her followers

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Peron as Secretary of Labor from 1943-1945“Perón-People” Eva began to find ways to meet the needs of the people who crowded the sidewalks outside her house. Labor unions contributeEurope

How I

t All Began

…

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Eva Perón Foundation

On June 19, 1948, the María Eva Duarte Social Help Foundation was establishedThe Foundation had five goals:Loan money, provide tools, establish scholarships for deserving people who lack resourcesConstruct housing for needy familiesConstruct educational establishments, hospitals, recreational facilitiesConstruct buildings for the common good which can be transferred with or without charge to National, Provincial or Municipal governmentsContribute or collaborate by any means available to realization of works constructed for the common good which help meet basic needs of least favored social classes.

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Hogares de Transito

In 1948, the Fundación opened three Hogares de

Tránsito3 Hogares Residents stayed for an average of about eight days Open to anyone who needed assistance

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Foreign Aid To AMERICA

“This plane that will soon arrive in the United States represents the kindness of our leader and what we are capable of doing for the dispossessed, no matter where they are,” Evita wrote.“May this action and this aid which we offer with all respect and affection to the great people of the United States serve as an example as we humbly send them our little grain of sand to help.”

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The Foundation set up a plan for the construction of one thousand schools throughout ArgentinaAgricultural schools, workshops, Nursery schools and daycare centersEva Peron School of NursingEarthquake struck Ecuador. Medical personnel from the Eva Peron Foundation flew to the neighboring country to help

Education

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Later Life

Eva’s husband, Juan Peron sought re-election in 1952 and Eva hoped that his running mate would be herThe working class of Argentina was overwhelmingly in favor of her becoming the Vice-President, although the military and upper class were aghast at the thought of her running the nation if her husband diedIn 1951, hundreds of thousands of people rallied in support of her, however she eventually decided not to become her husband’s running mate

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Death

In

1950, Eva was diagnosed with uterine

cancer

Her illness couldn’t have been stopped even through aggressive treatment like

hysterectomy

She passed away on July 26, 1952 at the age of 33 years

old

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Remains

Of Evita’s Body

Eva’s remains were mummified by

her

fluids being replaced

with glycerin

When Juan Peron died in 1974, their bodies were displayed side-by-side for a while

until

Eva was sent to her current home,

Recoleta

Cemetary

in Buenos

Aires

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Evita’s Legacy

The Eva Peron Foundation Established a School of NursingChildren’s HomesHogares de Transito Women’s Rights

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Museum

On July 26, 2002, Eva’s grandniece Christina Alvarez Rodriguez created the Evita Musuem in Buenos Aires which is housed in a mansion constructed for the Carabassa familyThis building was declared a National Historical Monument in 1999

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Overall

Based on what we know about Latin America, did her skin color and background play a major role in the election of her husband?

What influence did Eva have in the lives of Argentine women and working class?

What and who encompassed Eva Peron’s support coalition?

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Sources

http://comunicacionpopular.com.ar/el-dia-que-eva-peron-ayudo-a-los-ninos-pobres-y-negros-de-washington/

http://

www.evitaperon.org

http://

www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-18707516

O’conner

and

Garofalo’s

Eva Peron’s Views On Women and Society in Argentina

http://

latinamericanhistory.about.com/od/historyofsouthamerica/a/evita_3.htm

http://

www.evitaperon.org/part3.htm