Riedel and Welsh Ch 8 Family Violence OUTLINE PATTERNS AND TRENDS EXPLANATIONS Social Learning Cycle of Violence Patriarchy Feminist Theory Social Isolation Economic Dependence Mental Health Issues ID: 554590
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Slide1
Criminal Violence
Riedel and Welsh, Ch. 8
“Family Violence”Slide2
OUTLINE
PATTERNS AND TRENDS
EXPLANATIONSSocial LearningCycle of ViolencePatriarchy (Feminist Theory)Social IsolationEconomic DependenceMental Health IssuesSubstance AbuseINTERVENTIONSCriminal Legal Sanctions (e.g., mandatory arrest)Batterer TreatmentCivil Legal Sanctions (e.g., restraining orders)Exposure Reduction TheorySlide3
Patterns
“POWER WHEEL” – SEE HANDOUT
http://www.ncdsv.org/publications_wheel.htmlNational Survey of Violence Against Women (NSVAW)Interviews with a random sample of 8,000 men and 8,000 women. About 22% of women were victims of physical assaults by their partners; in contrast to 7% of men. Of those who reported partner assaults, 42% of women were injured, compared to 20% of the men. Slide4
Victim/Offender Relationship: NCVS, 2010
Women are much more likely than men to be assaulted by someone that they know.Slide5
Figure 8.1
: # of homicides involving intimate partners dropped significantly from 1976-2004 (
spouses: -64%).Slide6
Intimate Partner Violence in Other Countries
World Health Organization (WHO) did a survey on women’s health and domestic violence in 11 countries (n = 24,000).
Trained female interviewers selected according to emotional maturity, ability to engage with people of different backgrounds in an empathetic and non-judgmental manner, social skills. The most frequent act of violence was being slapped by an intimate partner, ranging from 9 percent in Japan to 52 percent in Peru.Women experiencing severe physical violence (hit with a fist, kicked, dragged, use or threatened use of a weapon) ranged from 4 percent in Japan to 49 percent in Peru.Three-fourths of the respondents in urban settings felt that violence was never justified; only one-fourth of the respondents in more
rural settings
thought so.
The most frequent
justification
reported was “
Infidelity
,” followed by “
Disobeying a Husband
.”Slide7
Explanations
Video Clips
Power and Control: Domestic Violence in Americahttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7v2LmM_FO-Uhttp://www.powerandcontrolfilm.com/all%20videos/Feminist Theory (Patriarchy) Historical and physical advantages enjoyed by males facilitate greater power and controlSocial IsolationEconomic DependencePsychological problems (e.g., severe depression or mental illness)Substance Abuse
(strong correlation, but not a causal fact)
Social Learning
Cycle of Violence
:
childhood history of physical abuse predisposes the survivor to violence in later years.Slide8
Widom (2001): Cycle of Violence Updated
https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/184894.pdf
The “cycle of violence” hypothesis suggests that a childhood history of physical abuse predisposes the survivor to violence in later years. The study followed 1,575 cases from childhood through young adulthood, comparing the arrest records of two groups:Study group: 908 substantiated cases of childhood abuse or neglect processed by the courts and tracked through official criminal records over approximately 25 years.Comparison group: 667 children, not officially recorded as abused or neglected, matched to the study group according to sex, age, race, and family socioeconomic status.Slide9
Widom
(2001): Cycle of Violence Updated
Although many individuals in both groups had no juvenile or adult criminal record, being abused or neglected as a child increased the likelihood of:Arrest as a juvenile (by 59 %), Arrest as an adult (by 28 %), and Arrest for a violent crime (by 30 %).This study showed that victims of neglect were also likely to develop later violent criminal behavior. If violence is begotten not only by violence, but also by neglect, far more attention needs to be devoted to the families of children who are abandoned and neglected.Slide10
Interventions
Criminal Legal Sanctions
(e.g., mandatory arrest deterrence?)Law Enforcement Approacheshttp://www.powerandcontrolfilm.com/all%20videos/Collaborative Approaches: Duluth projecthttp://vimeo.com/11109979Batterer Treatment (e.g., anger control, awareness about power and control issues).
http://vimeo.com/11110943
http://vimeo.com/11113365
Evaluation results so far have been disappointing.
Civil Legal Sanctions
(e.g., restraining orders):
Have
not
proven very effective in preventing violence.Slide11
Interventions (cont.)
Exposure Reduction Theory
:Factors that reduce exposure to violent relationships (e.g., higher divorce rate, lower marriage rate, greater economic independence of women) and provide alternatives to violence (e.g., shelters, hotlines, legal advocacy) have all helped to reduce domestic violence. Public Service Announcements (PSA’s)http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=njx-n6SsdV8http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SPzVUGE3ddshttp://video.foxnews.com/v/3812142293001/nfl-airs-anti-domestic-violence-psa-during-games/?#sp=show-clipshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Z_zWIVRIWk