PPT-Decision Trees in R

Arko Barman With additions and modifications by Ch Eick COSC 4335 Data Mining Example of a Decision Tree categorical categorical continuous class Refund MarSt TaxInc YES NO NO NO Yes. T state 8712X action or input 8712U uncertainty or disturbance 8712W dynamics functions XUW8594X w w are independent RVs variation state dependent input space 8712U 8838U is set of allowed actions in state at time brPage 5br Policy action is function Arko. . Barman. Slightly edited by Ch. . Eick. COSC 6335 Data Mining. Decision Trees. Used for classifying data by partitioning attribute space. Tries to find axis-parallel decision boundaries for specified optimality criteria. trees (cont.). If we pick the adjacent nucleotide, what gene tree do we expect?. A. C. B. A-B coalescence. AB-C coalescence. Split 2. Split 1. If we pick a nucleotide from a distant part of the genome, what gene tree do we expect?. A . decision tree. is a graphical representation of every possible sequence of decision and random outcomes (states of nature) that can occur within a given decision making problem.. A decision tree is composed of a collection of nodes (represented by circles and squares) interconnected by branches (represented by lines).. CSE 335/435. Resources:. Main: . Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach (Russell and . Norvig. ; Chapter “Learning from Examples. ”). Alternatives:. http. ://www.dmi.unict.it/~. apulvirenti/agd/Qui86.pdf. Tandy Warnow. Joint work with . Siavash. . Mirarab. , . Md. S. . Bayzid. , and others. Orangutan. Gorilla. Chimpanzee. Human. From the Tree of the Life Website. ,. . University . of . Arizona. Dates from Lock et al. Nature, 2011. Object-based classifiers. Others. DECISION TREES. Non-parametric approach. Data mining tool used in many applications, not just RS. Classifies data by building rules based on image values. Rules form trees that are multi-branched with nodes and “leaves” or endpoints. 2. Decision Trees and Decision Tables. Often our problem solutions require decisions to be made according to two or more conditions or combinations of conditions. Decision trees represent such decision as a sequence of steps. A . tree. is a connected undirected graph with no simple circuits.. Since a tree cannot have a simple circuit, a tree cannot contain multiple edges or loops.. Therefore, any tree must be a . simple graph. Sultan Almuhammadi ICS 254: Graphs and Trees 1 Graph & Trees Chapters 10-11 Acknowledgement This is a modified version of Module#22 on Graph Theory by Michael Frank Sultan Almuhammadi ICS 254: Graphs and Trees AVL Trees 1 AVL Trees 6 3 8 4 v z AVL Trees 2 AVL Tree Definition Adelson- Velsky and Landis binary search tree balanced each internal node v the heights of the children of v can differ by at most 1 Decision trees MARIO REGIN What is a decision tree? General purpose prediction and classification mechanism Emerged at the same time as the nascent fields of artificial intelligence and statistical computation 6. 9. 2. 4. 1. 8. <. >. =. © 2014 Goodrich, Tamassia, Goldwasser. Presentation for use with the textbook . Data Structures and Algorithms in Java, 6. th. edition. , by M. T. Goodrich, R. Tamassia, and M. H. Goldwasser, Wiley, 2014. . by Holly Nguyen, Hongyu Pan, Lei Shi, Muhammad Tahir. Showcasing work by . Themis P. Exarchos, Alexandros T. Tzallas, DinaBaga, Dimitra Chaloglou, Dimitrios I. Fotiadis, Sofia Tsouli, Maria Diako. u.