ANALOGY Definition An analogy clarifies or explains an ABSTRACT concept or object by comparing it to something which is CONCRETE In other w ords An analogy often compares something that CANNOT be touched to something that CAN be touched ID: 695406
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Slide1
The Catcher
in the Rye
Literature TermsSlide2
ANALOGY
Definition:
An analogy clarifies or explains an ABSTRACT concept or object by comparing it to something which is CONCRETE.
In other
w
ords . . .
An analogy often compares something that CANNOT be touched to something that CAN be touched.Slide3
ANALOGY
EXAMPLE:
“Knowledge always desires increase: it is like fire, which must first be kindled by some external agent, but which will afterwards propagate itself.”Samuel Johnson
What is the abstract concept?
What is the concrete concept?Slide4
ANALOGY
What
analogy do Holden and Mr. Spencer discuss in Chapter 2 of The Catcher in the Rye?
“Life
is
a game, boy. Life
is
a game that one plays according to the rules.”
What is the abstract concept?
What is the concrete concept?Slide5
ANALOGY
What other analogies do you know?
Ms.
Singletary’s
favorite
:
Life is like a box of chocolates.
You never know what you’re gonna get.Slide6
HYPERBOLE
Definition:
An extreme exaggeration
for literary effect
that is not meant to be interpreted literally.Slide7
HYPERBOLE
Can you think of any
hyperboles for when you . . . Singletary’s Faves
Are hungry?
I am so hungry I could eat a horse!
Do something a lot?
I’ve watched CSI
like, a
thousand
times!
Slide8
HYPERBOLE
Are in love?
I’d walk to the ends of the earth for you!Slide9
HYPERBOLE
What
hyperboles can you find in The Catcher in the Rye? (Hint: There is a hyperbole on
every
page.)
EXAMPLES:
“. . . Edgar Marsalla laid this terrific fart . . . He damn near blew the roof off” (p. 17).
“There was a shower right between every two rooms in our wing, and about eighty-five times a day old Ackley barged in on me” (p. 19). Slide10
IMAGERY
Definition:
Imagery is anything that affects or appeals to the reader’s senses: sight, sound touch, taste, or smell.
When discussing imagery in a piece of literature, we are discussing a
series of images
that
relate to one another in a way that helps to
shape the meaning of the piece.Slide11
IMAGERY
EXAMPLE:
From “A Late
Aubade
”
Wait for a while, then slip downstairs
And bring us up some chilled white wine,
And some blue cheese, and crackers, and some fineRuddy-skinned pears.
By Richard Wilbur
Which words appeal to each of the five senses?Slide12
IMAGERY
EXAMPLE:
In Shakespeare’s
Romeo and Juliet ,
light
and
dark images are described throughout the play to emphasize all of the opposites.
What are some of the opposites in
Romeo and Juliet?
Montague / Capulet
Lover / Enemy
Love / Hate
Life / Death Slide13
IMAGERY
EXAMPLE PASSAGES IN
ROMEO AND JULIET:“star-crossed lovers”
“O, she doth teach the torches to burn bright!
It seems she hangs upon the cheek of night
As a rich jewel in an Ethiop’s ear – “
What are the light and dark images in these passages?Slide14
IMAGERY
So, what imagery does J.D. Salinger use in
The Catcher in the Rye?
Battle
Death
Falling
What does Salinger want to emphasize with this imagery?
Holden’s constant struggle with authority.
Holden’s obsession with death.
Holden’s fear of death and change.Slide15
IMAGERY
Let’s look at some passages!
“…I was standing way the hell up on top of Thomsen Hill, right next to this crazy cannon that was in the Revolutionary War and all” (p. 2).
“…I felt like jumping off the washbowl and getting old
Stradlater
in a half nelson. That’s a wrestling hold, in case you don’t know, where you get the other guy around the neck and choke him to death, if you feel like it” (p. 30).
“Some stupid guy had thrown peanut shells all over the stairs, and I damn near broke my crazy neck” (p. 52).
What kind of imagery is prevalent in each passage?Slide16
IDIOM
Definition:
An idiom is an expression in which the meaning is different from the meaning of the individual words.
Singletary’s Trick:
I always think about how these expressions probably sound
idiotic (similar in spelling to idiom) to people trying to learn our language. Slide17
IDIOM
EXAMPLES:
“I hope Adam Richman calls soon.
Just sitting around and waiting is
making me
antsy.
”
“I don’t have any special vacation plans. I’m just going to take it easy.
”
“You’re busy, so you’ll need
to
keep an eye on
the time.
Remember that we have
to leave at 4:30.”Slide18
IDIOM
What are some idioms in
The Catcher in the Rye?
When Sally is talking with Holden, she tries to impress him with all of the men who are interested in her. She says a guy from Harvard was
“rushing the hell out of her”
and a guy from West Point was
“cutting his throat over her”
.
Later in the novel, when Holden is crying, Phoebe tells him to stop, but Holden says he
“couldn’t stop on a
goddam
dime”
.
What do these idioms mean?Slide19
HERO
What makes someone a HERO?
Who do you think are HEROES?
Definition:
A hero is a mythological or legendary figure endowed with great strength and ability. A hero is admired for his achievements and noble qualities. He traditionally shows great courage.Slide20
HERO
A hero usually has these six characteristics:
Birth shrouded in mystery.
E
ducation is unique.
Special powers or abilities.
Travels far from home.
(Departure)
A
dventures, trials, and challenges occur in his life.
(Initiation)
T
riumphs eventually.
(Return)
A hero or heroine is usually BEST AT one or many things in his or her world.
Which characteristics of a hero does Holden have?Slide21
ANTI-HERO
Definition:
An anti-hero is a central character in a work of literature who lacks the traditional, idyllic qualities of a classic hero.Slide22
ANTI-HERO
Anti-heroes usually have these characteristics:
Distrust conventional values.
Are unable to commit themselves to any ideals.
Generally feel helpless in a world over which they have no control.
Often accept and celebrate their positions as social-outcasts.Slide23
ANTI-HERO
So why are central characters in modern literature typically anti-heroes?
Why are they so appealing?
They reflect the reality of human nature.
We are flawed and so are the true heroes amongst us.
Therefore, the anti-hero is much easier to relate to!Slide24
THEME
Definition:
The central idea of a literary work.
Slide25
THEME
Themes are often explained in one word . . .
Love is the theme.
. . . But when writing about a theme, you need to be more specific. Describe what is learned about this theme in a complete sentence.
As shown in the novel,
love is like a
rollercoaster; it always has its ups and downs.
Where in short answer response does this sentence usually exist?Slide26
THEME
What are some of the central ideas in
The Catcher in the Rye? For now let’s just describe the various ideas in one word . . .
Change Growing Up Loneliness Being
Judgmental
Control Mistakes
AcceptanceSlide27
THEME
PRACTICE!!!!
Prompt: Describe one theme from Catcher in the Rye and why that theme is important to understanding the story.
As practice… write a
Main Idea
sentence for (1) of the themes discussed. Make sure it is specific (BECAUSE!!!). Treat this as practice for the
Short Answer Exam
.