Sociocultural Approach and Psychological Testing - PowerPoint Presentation

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Sociocultural Approach and Psychological Testing

Ending Personality Theory-Starting Psych. Testing

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Homework: Short Essay

Write a 1-2 page short essay (INCLUDE A THESIS AND BREAK DOWN INTO PARAGRAPHS) in which you analyze how sociocultural factors impact who you are and your sense of self

To do this, answer three of the following questions:

How is your self

esteem influenced by how society sees

you?

How does your economic background play a role in your sense of self?

How does gender impact who you are?

What role does race play in your life?

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Warm Up

What do you think is the difference between Individualism and Collectivism (based on the root word)?

What parts of the world do you think are more focused on Individualism?

What parts of the world do you think are more focused on Collectivism?

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Learning Objectives

Analyze the Sociocultural Approach

Interpret Individualism, Collectivism, and Acculturation

Build Connections to own lives

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The Sociocultural Approach

Sociocultural Approach:

Emphasis

is on ethnicity, gender and culture and how they influence

personality

Individualism: People define themselves based on their own personal identity, goals, traits, and jobs

Collectivism: People define themselves based on social groups, relationships, families, and religions

Do you think people in the United States focus more on Individualism or Collectivism?

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Discussion

What

is more important to teach out children? To share, and be part of the group, or to achieve themselves

? What are good and bad things about each approach

First write down your answer (1 paragraph) and then we will discuss

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Check For Understanding

Was the Twin Oaks community that we watched a video on more about Individualism or Collectivism?

Write down three examples of characters in movies, TV shows, or books that are based around Individualism

What is the Self-Concept? How would this be impacted by Individualism and Collectivism?

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Acculturation

Acculturation: The process of adapting to a new or different culture

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My Big Fat Greek Wedding

https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=RfYF3TAST5E

How is the future husband experiencing Acculturation?

Does Acculturation mean that you have to change? Why or why not?

Who do you think generally has an easier time with the process of acculturation? Parents or Children? Why?

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Dances with Wolves

https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=uc8NMbrW7mI

How do you know Kevin Costner is going through Acculturation?

What Sociocultural factors impact this process of Acculturation?

How is Collectivism and Individualism part of Acculturation in this case?

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Million Dollar Arm

https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=lEtNIoPxcq8

How are the Indian boys going through Acculturation?

What impact do you think Acculturation is having upon the boys?

What factors might make it easier for someone to go through Acculturation?

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Imagery

Using Imagery (pictures, graphics, drawing, etc.), show what it is like to go through Acculturation

Use at least 10 Images

This can be based on your own experiences with Acculturation or what you think it must be like to go through Acculturation

Make sure you show the connection between psychology and Acculturation

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Start Essay

THIS IS IN-CLASS TIME TO START YOUR ESSAY!!!

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Homework: Short Essay

Write a 1-2 page short essay (INCLUDE A THESIS AND BREAK DOWN INTO PARAGRAPHS) in which you analyze how sociocultural factors impact who you are and your sense of self

To do this, answer three of the following questions:

How is your self esteem influenced by how society sees you?

How does your economic background play a role in your sense of self?

How does gender impact who you are?

What role does race play in your life?

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Warm Up

What does “Psychological Testing” mean to you?

What could be three good things about Psychological Testing?

What could be three bad things about Psychological Testing?

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Learning Objectives

Analyze Psychological Testing in Society

Interpret how Reliability, Validity and Cognitive Restructuring impacts Test-Taking

Build Connections to own lives

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Psychological Testing

Purpose of Psych. Testing: Assess abilities, feelings, attitudes, and behaviors

Examples of Psych. Tests:

Standardized Tests: Administered and scored the same way every time

-What are some examples of standardized tests that you are already familiar with (think of ones we studied in class)

2. Behavior Rating Scale- Used to measure behavior in different settings (example=classroom)

3. Self-Reports- People are asked to report their own attitudes, feelings, and behaviors

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Reliability and Validity

Reliability- The level of consistency in terms of the results of a test

Validity- The extent to which a test measures what it is supposed to measure and predict what it is supposed to predict

What problems have we already discussed in terms of reliability and validity when it comes to many standardized tests?

What factors might impact the reliability and validity of a test?

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Validity Scale

Validity Scale- Questions the test-giver asks so they can know how honest the test-taker is being with their answers

Pretend you are a cop, pediatrician, or principal…come up with a list of ten questions to form a Validity Scale

Partner up with someone near you and have them answer the questions on your Validity Scale

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Role Playing: The test-Giver

I need three volunteers

Each volunteer= different test-giver

Based on the way they give directions, write down 5 words you are feeling about taking their test

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Scenario: Test Directions

Each Test Giver will be giving these directions and telling you the following things for taking the test:

1. You need to take out # 2 Pencils to fill out your

Scantron

2. The time to take the test is _________________

3. The test-giver will tell you about how they feel about the test

4. The test-giver will tell what will happen based on the results of the test

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Check For Understanding

What role does the Test-giver play in terms of how the Test-taker is impacted?

How does the Test-giver impact validity and reliability of the test?

What role does anxiety and nervousness play in taking tests? Do you get nervous and anxious when you take tests? Is this normal? Why or why not?

Is test-anxiety always a bad thing? Why or why not?

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Reducing Test Anxiety

Write down five ways that you can reduce your own test anxiety

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Factors that reduce Test Anxiety

-BE PREPARED: STUDY THE MATERIAL

-Don’t “Cram”: Don’t try to learn all the material the night before

-Plan a regular studying schedule (

Exp

: “Each night I will spend 1 hour studying for my Psych. Test)

-Overlearn: Review the material over and over again, even after you think you mastered it

-Think helpful thoughts: Replace negative thoughts with positive thoughts

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Cognitive Restructuring

Cognitive Restructuring: Changing the thoughts one has in a particular situation

Pair up with a partner and write a dialogue in which one of you represents negative thoughts related to a test and the other partner represents positive thoughts related to a test

Your dialogue needs to have ten negative thoughts and ten positive thoughts

Include thoughts that you have before, during, and after a test

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Warm Up

Is test anxiety good, bad, or both? Why?

Identify three strategies that you can use to reduce test anxiety

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Learning Objectives

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Testing Vocabulary

Norms-Established standards of performance that evaluate the results of tests

Norm Group- Group of test takers who represent those who are similar to the intended people taking the test

Achievement Tests- Measure people’s skills and knowledge in academic areas

Aptitude Tests- Determine how fit someone is for a field of work or study

Vocational Interest Inventories- Determine whether someone’s interests are similar to other people in the same line of work

Forced-Choice Format- Test-taker is forced to choose answers

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Test Scenarios-Gallery Walk

1.

Write a scenario in which someone takes a test, BUT DON’T write down what kind of test it is!

EXP: Bob takes the MCAT to try to get into Medical School

2. Write one scenario for each type of test we just looked at

3. For each scenario, come up with three Testing Norms

4. After you have written four scenarios with three Testing Norms for each, analyze the scenarios of 5 classmates and write down which test best fits for each scenario

5. You should have two pieces of paper when you’re finished:

Your sheet of scenarios with Testing Norms for each scenario

Analysis sheet of the scenarios of 5 classmates

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Personality Tests

MMPI-2: Diagnose Psychological Disorders

Rorschach Inkblot Test: Diagnose Personality Disorders

CPI: Designed to Measure Personality Traits

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT): Allows people’s needs and values to emerge from stories they tell

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You are the Therapists-Groups of 5

4 Therapists: Each Therapist has to grade, interpret, and analyze the answers the patient individually

One Patient

Based on the answers given by the patient and the analysis of the therapists, come up with an evaluation of the patient

Based on this evaluation, are these tests reliable and valid? Which tests are more reliable and valid than other tests and why?

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Rorschach INkBlot

Test

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Answers

I see a face in the card

I see a scary face in the card

Things look like they're whirling around in the card

It looks like we're looking down on people or something in the card

I see a mask in the card

I see a flower in the card

I see some sexual imagery in the card

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Rorschach INkBlot Test

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Answers

It

looks like two double-amputees dancing

It looks like the coast of Italy after an atom bomb attack, only mirrored

It looks like a pair of one-legged cannibals fighting over a victim

I love pudding

It looks like an RLFP DNA test result, with the phenotypes split

It looks like Satan's head, the white part in the middle (can't you see it?)

It looks like smudges, or maybe an inkblot

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Rorschach Inkblot Test

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Answers

I

see Satan's eyes, filled with an evil, burning hatred for my soul

I see a fluffy bunny-rabbit

I see a big naughty shape at the top, in the center

It looks like a guy that was hit by a bullet-train going 5 million miles an hour

This blot doesn't really look like anything to me. Can we have some lunch?

It looks like a Tele-Tubby (maybe 'Po'?) that was run over by a Sherman Tank

It looks like you just threw ink on a paper and then folded it

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Thematic Apperception Test