What causes stings and bites How do you treat these How do you remove a tick What is Lyme disease What are the dangers of drinking dirty water What might you monitor about a casualty if you are with them for a long time ID: 779728
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Slide1
10. Stings, bites, ticks & Weil’s disease
What causes stings and bites?
How do you treat these?How do you remove a tick?What is Lyme disease?What are the dangers of drinking ‘dirty’ water?What might you monitor about a casualty if you are with them for a long time?What would you put in a first aid kit?
Slide2Stings!
SYMPTOMSPain RednessStinging sensationWHAT TO DOReassure the casualty and scrape off the sting if necessaryRaise the bitten or stung part, if possibleApply an icepack or cold water
If the pain or swelling continues seek medical help.If they are having an allergic reaction – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QrueP382UjY&list=PLvd0isBh6beQJ1YrlssqzKoXY_aw-qvoW&index=7
From bees and wasps
Slide3BITES !
What can bite you?Dogs, catsSnakesTicks (later)
What is the problem?
Passing bacteria deep into the tissues
Damage to tissues
Treatment?
Clean the wound as best as you can and seek medical help
What are the risks?
Tetanus infection (vaccination required)
Rabies (vaccination required)
Hepatitis
HIV
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5_DSIJOmUiM
(tetanus 0-1:30)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=semfQRtPumw
(rabies 0-1:30)
Slide4Ticks & Lyme Diseasehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Na6_CORwTE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=27McsguL2Og You can also use a tick removal tool if you have one (we have them in DofE first aid kits)
Ticks carry a bacteria that cause Lyme disease. Symptoms are flu-like and include aching muscles, pain and tiredness. A ‘bullseye’ rash sometimes appears 3-30 days later. Untreated it can cause nerve and heart disease so can be fatal! It can be treated with antibiotics but the earlier the better!
Slide5Ticks can also transmit a virus from small mammals to humans causing encephalitis No symptoms for up to 10 daysFever, headache, nausea, photophobia (sensitivity to light)
This can lead to death.
Slide6Weil’s disease
Urine from infected cats, dogs and rats containing bacteria can enter water supplies easily.Bacteria can enter the body through cuts or through your mouth.Flu-like symptoms occur after 2-12 days, including pain in the back or calf muscles, sometimes followed by jaundice – Weil’s disease is very serious but can be treated with antibiotics.
Slide7Casualty Monitoring & AssessmentRemember when we looked at the primary survey (AAABCD) and have mostly looked at unresponsive casualties?
We also talked about what to ask a conscious casualty. What do you remember about the questions we could ask?
What happened?How are you feeling?Can I take a look?Can I take a record of what I find? (this might be important for when medical help arrives, especially if it will be a long time until help arrives)
S
Signs and symptoms
Can I take a record?
How are you feeling?
Can I have a look?
A
Allergies and age
Is this the first time this has occurred?MMedication
Have you recently taken any medication?PPast historyWhen did you last visit the doctor or hospital?LLast mealWhat have you eaten recently?EEventsWhat happened?
Slide8A possible casualty monitoring card
Time (24 hour clock)
17:5018:1018:2018:40Pulse (rate and character)Breathing (rate and character)
Temperature
Colour
Consciousness
Beats per minute (adult norm 60-90, child 80-90)
Fast/slow
Strong/weak
Breaths per minute (adult norm 12-18, child 20-30)
Fast/slow
Shallow/deepCold & dryCold & wetHot & dryHot & wet
Pale, Red, YellowAlertVocalPainUnresponsive
Slide9First Aid KitsMake a list of what should be in a full first aid kit!
Container
GlovesWound dressingsBandagesScissorsSaline podsAntiseptic wipesPlastersSteri-stripsTriangular bandagesSafety pinsTick removerTweezersCasualty monitoring cardPencilMicropore tape
Painkillers
Glucose tablets
Can you get 20 things ?