PPT-Induction and Deduction Inductive Reasoning

Induction is the process of drawing a general conclusion from incomplete evidence You consider evidence you have seen or heard to draw a conclusion about things you havent seen or heard The intellectual movement from limited facts . J. Blackmon. David Hume. Bertrand Russell. Wesley Salmon. Jonathan Vogel. David Hume. Brief Biography. 1711-1776, Scottish. The History of England. Influential in ethics, psychology, philosophy of science, philosophy of religion. It’s Logical. What is Logic?. Logic. – The science of correct reasoning.. Reasoning. . – The drawing of inferences or conclusions from known or assumed facts. .. There are two main types of reasoning:. The other side of logic. Deduction . vs. Induction. Deduction – General to Specific. Induction – Specific to General. Inductive reasoning. Uses particular facts, common threads and ideas to draw a conclusion suggested by evidence. Solution. We know one (A, B or C) is defective by .1…so….. Weigh TWO ball-bearings . from A and . ONE from . B. . If . the combined weight is three ounces, then you know that C is defective. . If . Chapter 5. With Question/Answer Animations. Chapter Summary. Mathematical Induction. Strong Induction. Well-Ordering. Recursive Definitions. Structural Induction. Recursive Algorithms. Program Correctness (. Lecture Outline. Inductive Reasoning. Generalizations. Cause and Effect. Analogy. Deductive Reasoning. Syllogism. Enthymeme. Inductive Reasoning. Inductive Reasoning: Review. The process of citing a number of specific examples or . Inductive Reasoning . When you use a pattern to find the next term in a sequence you’re using . inductive reasoning.. The conclusion you’ve made about the next terms in the pattern are called a . Induction vs Deduction. Fogelin. and . Sinnott. -Armstrong describe the difference between induction and deduction as follows:. Deductive arguments are intended to be valid. Inductive arguments are not intended to be valid but still to provide a reason for the conclusion. Chapter Summary. Mathematical Induction. Strong Induction. Well-Ordering. Recursive Definitions. Structural Induction. Recursive Algorithms. Mathematical Induction. Section 5.1. Section Summary. Mathematical Induction. Mimi . Opkins. CECS 100. Fall 2011. Problem Solving. Logic. – The science of correct reasoning.. Reasoning. – The drawing of inferences or conclusions from known or assumed facts.. When solving a problem, one must understand the question, gather all pertinent facts, analyze the problem i.e. compare with previous problems (note similarities and differences), perhaps use pictures or formulas to solve the problem.. To form conjectures through inductive reasoning. To disprove a conjecture with a counterexample. To avoid fallacies of inductive reasoning. Example 1. You’re at school eating lunch. You ingest some air while eating, which causes you to belch. Afterward, you notice a number of students staring at you with disgust. You burp again, and looks of distaste greet your natural bodily function. You have similar experiences over the course of the next couple of days. Finally, you conclude that belching in public is socially unacceptable. The process that lead you to this conclusion is called. To form conjectures through inductive reasoning. To disprove a conjecture with a counterexample. To avoid fallacies of inductive reasoning. Example 1. You’re at school eating lunch. You ingest some air while eating, which causes you to belch. Afterward, you notice a number of students staring at you with disgust. You burp again, and looks of distaste greet your natural bodily function. You have similar experiences over the course of the next couple of days. Finally, you conclude that belching in public is socially unacceptable. The process that lead you to this conclusion is called. With Question/Answer Animations. 1. Chapter Summary. Mathematical Induction. Strong Induction. Well-Ordering. Recursive Definitions. Structural Induction. Recursive Algorithms. Program Correctness (. Lecture 15. Announcements . Midterm information (topic coverage, practice material, logistics, etc.) will go up on the webpage tonight. . Study materials (including last quarter’s midterm). Section next week will be mostly midterm review.