Nantes Kelder amp Rudolph Zinn AfriForum Copyright AfriForum amp R Zinn 1 AIMS amp OBJECTIVES Aim To propose a basic community safety network Also developed an example of a best practice business model ID: 305310
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Presentation on the release of the research report: 14 Nov 2011- Nantes Kelder & Rudolph Zinn- AfriForum©Copyright AfriForum & R Zinn
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AIMS & OBJECTIVESAimTo propose a basic community safety networkAlso developed an example of a best practice business modelObjectivesCollect information on efficient community safety networksIdentify:Critical factors to the efficient functioning andcontinued existence of a network
An organisational framework for an efficient community safety network
The functions an efficient community safety network performs2
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGYLiterature review of local and international literatureMainly qualitative study (empirical)Population and samplingNo database of community safety networks in SAStarted with effective networks known to researchersSnowball sampling during interviewsUsed email and internet to request reference to effective networksNon probability sampling
Interviewed 19 respondentsInvolved in 13 networks
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGYDifferent strata identified in populationEconomic spectrumGeographical strataRural, farming, city neighbourhoods (including so-called former township), business districtSemi structured interviewsInterview guide44 questions (some with sub-questions)Longitudinal studySend out questionnaires
Methodology described in report
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The current situation as far as crime is concerned in SA5Slide6
Total number of crimes reported to SAPS (20 categories – 2,4% reduction for last year)6CopyrightSlide7
CONTACT & CONTACT RELATED CRIME: DISPROPORSIONALLY HIGH PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMEContact and contact related crime represented 37.2% of all serious crime reported to SAPS in 2010/20117CopyrightSlide8
Contact Crime in the RSA: 2010/20118CopyrightSlide9
TRIO CRIMES: STATISTICSThe vast majority of house robberies, carjackings, business robberies, cash-in-transit (CIT) heists and bank robberies are committed with firearms and shots are frequently fired at victims.‘Randomness’ and ‘unpredictability’ of these crimesRatio: 203 per 100 000Trio crimes consitantly increased from 05/06 to 08/09‘Leveled off’ in 09/10Significant decrease in 10/11 of car hijacking (23,6%) and house robbery (10.1%)Source: Crime Information Analysis Centre (CIAC), SAPS HQ, Pretoria
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Trio crimes reported to SAPS10CopyrightSlide11
Volume crime & the threat near home11Slide12
Volume crime reported to SAPS (2010/2011)12CopyrightSlide13
HIGHEST RISK AREAMost hijackings take place at entrance to yard or in neighbourhood (stop streets, traffic lights, shopping malls etc.)An estimated 50% of all vehicle theft, theft out of or from vehicles, common theft and street robberies occur at or near homes of victimsThe changes based on time spend, crime patterns etc in residential neighbourhood or at work make these the places were you will most likely be a victim of crimeSimilar to motor vehicle accidents were most accidents occur in a 2 kilometer radius from home 13
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Home and Neighbourhood highest risk area14CopyrightSlide15
Findings & Recommendations Regarding Community Safety Networks 15Slide16
FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONSMain purpose of a community safety networkRestore a sense of securityClosely knit community and a more positive attitudeProgression of activities The beginnings of a community safety networkHigh crime (‘When you hear the Lion’s roar’)A few individuals who took the initiativeResistanceActions to mobilise the broader communityBiggest motivator to get involved “is the fear of crime”Mass meetings, mediaContact with victims after an incident “good” opportunity to motivatePublicity of successes of the network “ success give hope”
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FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONSActions to retain the involvement of members of the communityMajor challengeInterest wane in the absence of immediate threat of crimeProviding other services to the community – cleaning and maintenance of the neigbourhood‘Mini’ municipalityKey lessons in the development of a community safety network:StructureInitially not importantBase of the structure must be functional
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FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONSKey lessons continue:InfrastructureLack of infrastructure not insurmountable problemOnly becomes a problem when expanding and for sustainabilityNew equipment – trial periodCommunication Communication network essentialMahube Crime Prevention – whistleRadio network primarySeparate channels dedicated for different purposesRadio speak and call signalsVarious forms of technology (sms, cellphones, email, websites)
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FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONSKey lessons continue:Management styleOpen, democratic and friendly styleRespect, commitment, dedicationCharismaticIn case of specific re-actions, more ‘military style’ command requiredFinancesFinances not important to startUsed own finances to start offLack of funds is a constraint for expansionBusiness model more sustainableBusiness model – allows for additional services - upgrading of roads and parks CID – stable income
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FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONSRespondents’ expectations with regard to an ideal community safety networkWill develop into sustainable model as far as involvement and financial supportCommunity participation is an integral part Critical factors determining the success of a community safety networkVarious critical factor (see report for detail)Strong and good leadershipStay within scope of legislationWinning imageRender a complete service including municipal servicesContingency planning, effective crime threat analysisSimple values, principles and actions within the reach of the community
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FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONSA community safety network’s most important crime prevention tasksVisible patrols are the biggest deterrent for criminalsPatrol vehicles should be identifiable (green lights)To provide police and security companies with informationMonitor and manage security service providers’ services Get public spaces in neighbourhood back under control of residentsFoster and maintain good communication and good human relationship with the communityConduct crime information analysis to inform intelligence led initiativesNetworking with regard to crime prevention with other role-players, neighbouring suburbs, support services
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Recommendations22Slide23
FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONSRecommendationsRole out community safety networks in all areasGet networks to collaborate, communicate and share informationEstablish a forum for networks to meet and deliberate on best practicesDevelop a code of ethics/conduct for networksEstablish an integrated database (Examples of internet-based databanks and information analysis software)Develop measures to ensure sustainability of networksBusiness model
Steady financial incomeAdditional services to community
Effective cooperation with CPF’s and other support services
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FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONSLaw and justice should be respectedIntroduce measures to be able to ensure and enforce quality service from security service providersLobby Minister of Police for supportLegalising use of revolving green lights on patrol vehiclesReviving the police reservist function (where it has became stagnant)Addressing the reasons why some police officers do not support or participate in community safety actionsLooking at measures to facilitate better cooperation between SAPS and community safety networksFinding a way of sharing relevant crime information between SAPS and networks but also vice versaLegislation similar to CID to finance networks
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Overview of frameworks for an efficient safety network (Annexure A, B, C)25Slide26
Thank you26Slide27
27Mr Nantes KelderHead: Investigations
AfriForum
E-mail: nantes@afriforum.co.za
Tel: 084 619 8264
Prof Rudolph Zinn
Senior Lecturer
College of Law
School of Criminal Justice
Department Police Practice
Unisa
E-mail: rzinn@unisa.ac.za
Tel: 011-471 2469