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5-2 Limits  to Growth  Limiting 5-2 Limits  to Growth  Limiting

5-2 Limits to Growth Limiting - PowerPoint Presentation

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Uploaded On 2018-11-04

5-2 Limits to Growth Limiting - PPT Presentation

Factors Remember primary productivity of an ecosystem can be reduced by limiting nutrients Limiting factors can determine carry capacity Density Dependent Factors Density Independent Factors ID: 712965

factors human populations population human factors population populations density limiting growth rapidly industry agriculture size dependent independent disease predation

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Presentation Transcript

Slide1

5-2 Limits to GrowthSlide2

Limiting Factors

Remember, primary productivity of an ecosystem can be reduced by limiting nutrients

Limiting

factors can

determine carry capacity

Density Dependent Factors

Density Independent FactorsSlide3

1. Density-Dependant Factors

Limiting factors that depend on population size

Density-dependent

factors become limiting only when population density reaches a certain

level

Does

not affect small, scattered populationsSlide4

1a. Competition

Occurs when populations become

crowded

When 2 species compete for same resource, they are under pressure to change

Over time, evolve to occupy diff. nichesSlide5

1b. Predation

Populations in nature are controlled by predation

Known as predator-prey relationshipSlide6

Isle Royale in Lake SuperiorSlide7

1c & 1d Parasitism & Disease

Parasites

are similar to predators – weaken and kill hosts

Large populations can be under stress making them more susceptible to

diseases

More members = easier to pass “things” aroundSlide8

3. Density-Independent Factors

Factors

that affect populations regardless of their

size

Examples:

Unusual

weather (Draught, Hurricanes)

Season cyclesHuman activities (damming rivers,

forest cutting

)Slide9

5-3 Human Population Growth

Like the populations of many other living organisms, the size of the human population tends to increase with time.

For most of human existence, the population grew slowly

Until fairly recently, only half the children in the world survived to adulthood. Slide10

What caused human populations to suddenly grow rapidly?

Agriculture

Industry/MedicineSlide11

About

500 years ago, the human population began growing more

rapidly

because of agriculture and industry.

With

these advances, the human population experienced exponential

growthSlide12
Slide13

Patterns of Population Growth

English economist Thomas Malthus observed that human populations were growing rapidly.

Malthus predicted that such growth would not continue indefinitely.

Malthus

-

war, famine, and disease would limit human population growth

.Slide14

Demographic Transition

The scientific study of human populations is called

demography

Demographic

transition

, a dramatic change in birth and death

rates.

Ex: U.S., Japan, EuropeSlide15
Slide16
Slide17

What are the 4 density-dependent limiting factors?

Predation

Disease

Competition

ParasitismSlide18

What are examples density independent limiting factors?

Storms

Natural Disasters

Human activitySlide19

What caused the human population to grow rapidly?

Agriculture

Industry

Medicine