PPT-Fallacies Related to Cause & Effect

There are two important fallacies where both assume that the timing of two variables relative to each other in and of itself is sufficient to establish that one is the cause and the other is the effect This assumption is wrong. NUMBER IF APPLICABLE 573765737657376573765737657376573765737657376573765737657376573765737657376573765737657376573765737657376573765737657376573765737657376573765737657376573765737657376573765737657376573765737657411574175742857433573765737657376573 Homework. Recommended Exercises. (. do the starred problems. ). 4.4.III. : 1-50. Remember. . How does each specific argument commit a fallacy of that . type. ? . . Where precisely is the offending element in the argument?. Write an OPEN, a CLOSED, and a COUNTERARGUMENT thesis for the following question.. Should states make it harder for individuals to buy guns by requiring a background check and a mental health evaluation for all gun buyers?. Introduction and Activities. What is a logical fallacy?. A fallacy is an error of reasoning. These are flawed statements that often sound true. Logical fallacies are often used to strengthen an argument, but if the reader detects them the argument can backfire, and damage the writer’s credibility . vs.. Relevance. Homework. Reading: pp. 145-152. Recommended Exercises. (. do at least the starred problems. ). 4.3.III. (of relevance & weak induction). 4.4.I . (of presumption & ambiguity). Homework. Review:. Fallacies. pp. 103-105, §4.1 “Fallacies in General” . pp. 121-131. , §4.3 . “Fallacies of Weak Induction”. Inductive Argumentation. Analogical Reasoning, e.g., ex. 8.4. Causal Argumentation, e.g., 8.3b. Logic. Logos/logic is situated (bound/defined by a cultural space). . In Philosophy, there are “traditions” of logic, and a study of various forms of logic including logics that don’t use language at all. . May faulty logic undermine your entire philosophy!.  . An introduction to Logical Fallacies. Logical Fallacy. A fault or flaw in an argument. Formal fallacy . – flaw in structure of the argument. If Chris strangled his teacher, then he must be a criminal. “Jeopardy Style”. Single Sided Arguments. Definitions. “. A”nswers. Toulmain. Fallacies. What the Romans Knew. 100. 100. 100. 100. 100. 200. 200. 200. 200. 200. 300. 300. 300. 300. 300. 400. 400. © Oxford University Press. In This Chapter. Fallacies of Relevance . Fallacies of Unwarranted Assumption. Fallacies of Ambiguity or Diversion . Recognizing Fallacies in Ordinary Language. © Oxford University Press. . by Auguste Rodin. Rationalism. in its modern sense, . rationalism. is any view appealing to reason as a source of knowledge or justification. it is a method of justifying beliefs in which the criterion of the truth is not sensory but intellectual and logical. The Seven Deadly Logical Sins. Ways to use logic as a shield. Spot Fallacies. Homer: Lisa, would you like a doughnut?. Lisa: No, thanks. Do you have any fruit?. Homer: This has purple in it. Purple is a fruit.. Don’t Be Fooled by Bad Arguments (Part 2). Classification of Fallacies. Fallacies of Relevance:. Appeal to Force. Appeal to Pity. Appeal to the People. Ad Hominem. Accident. Straw man. Missing the Point. Informal Logic, Famous Fallacies Don’t Be Fooled by Bad Arguments First, what are arguments? Distinguish arguments from explanations: Arguments are the assertion of a conclusion from reasons that are better known than the conclusion.