Rajesh Kevin Sanjay Modernism is not a precise label but instead a way of referring to the efforts of many individuals across the arts who tried to move away from established modes of representations ID: 685157
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MODERNISM, POST-MODERNISM AND CHAOS THEORY
Rajesh Kevin SanjaySlide2
“Modernism is not a precise label but instead a way of referring to the efforts of many individuals across the arts who tried to move away from established modes of representations”
By Peter childs, Modernism, 2008Slide3
What ıs modernısm?
Era of Change
Cultural Changes
Political changes
Changes in Belief and Science
Change in way of life
Philosophical Movement
Era of WarSlide4
MODERNITY
Modernity simply refers to a modern time
period that is characterized
by
capitalism
,
rationalism
and
the
nation state. Slide5
hıstory of modernısm
Started between the 19
th
and 20
th
century
France
Charles Baudelaire
Edouard Manet
Gustave Flaubert
Avant-garde
WWIISlide6
MODERNISM TIMELINE
1914
:
Outbreak of WWI
1917
:
US enters war, Russian Revolution
1919:
WWI ends,
Einstein’s Relativity theory confirmed,
Prohibition begins
1920
League of Nations begins;
19
th
Amendment granting women the voteSlide7
MODERNISM TIMELINE
1921;
Irish
Free State proclaimed
1922;
Fascists
march on Rome under Mussolini
1923;
Charleston
craze
1925
Image of human face televised
Hitler published
Mein KampfSlide8
MODERNISM TIMELINE
1927
Lindbergh flies solo across Atlantic
Al Jolson, first
talkie
1929
US
stock market crashes;
1933
Hitler appointed Chancellor of Germany
First German concentration camps
Prohibition ends in
USSlide9
MODERNISM TIMELINE
1934
Hitler becomes dictator
1936
Civil War in Spain begins
1938
Germany occupies
Austria
1939
Hitler and Stalin make pact;
Germany invades Poland
Great Britain and France declare war on
GermanySlide10
MODERNISM TIMELINE
1941
Germany invades USSR
Japan bombs Pearl Harbor, US enters war
1942
Battle of Stalingrad, Battle of Midway;
T-shirt
invented
1944
D-Day invasion of
FranceSlide11
MODERNISM TIMELINE
1945
End of war in Europe
Atomic bomb dropped on Japan
First computer built
Microwave oven invented
United Nations foundedSlide12
Characterıstıcs of modernısm
Nihilism
Rejection of moral principles
Self-Consciousness Slide13
What shaped modernısm?
Technology
Optimism
Accelerated way of life
Development of industrial societies
WWI
Influences of Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)Slide14
Post modernısm
It is a late 20
th
century movement in arts architecture and criticism that was a departure from modernism
The rejection of the scientific canon of the idea that there can be a single coherent rationality or that reality has a unitary nature that can be definitively observed or understood
Started in the
1940s - presentSlide15
Characteristics of post-modernısm
There is no absolute truth
Truth and error are synonymous
Self conceptualization and rationalization
Traditional authority is false and corrupt
Morality is personal
GlobalizationSlide16
Influential postmodern phılosophers
Jacques Derrida (1930-2004)
El- Biar, Algeria
Used a deconstructive approach
Jean-Francois Lyotard (1924-1998)
Versailles, France
Lectured of topics such as
Post modern conditions
Knowledge and communications
Language metanarratives and legitimizationSlide17
Comparıson of modernısm and post modernısm
Structure opposed to anarchy
Construction opposed to deconstruction
Theory opposed to anti-theory
Interpretation opposed to hostility toward definite interpretation
Meaning opposed to the play of meaning or a refusal to pin downSlide18
COMPARISON CONT’D
Metanarratives opposed to hostility toward narratives
The search for underlying meaning opposed to a suspicion (or certainty) that this is impossible
Progress opposed to a doubt that progress is possible
Order opposed to subversion
Encyclopaedic
knowledge opposed to a web of understandingSlide19
Crıtıcısm of postmodernısm
Ad hominem tu quoque
Although postmodernism focuses on irrational tendencies and appears to celebrate them, it still uses reason as a
tool.
Postmodernists
mock the inconsistencies of modernism but are not consistent
themselves.
Rejecting
criteria for judging questions is not enough; alternatives have to be provided.Slide20
Relevancy
• Modernism: 1890s~about 1945
• Postmodernism: after WWII, after 1968
• Modern and postmodern are vague and have been applied to different aspects.
• Modernism and postmodernism are usually used to refer the technological advancements and new modes of thinking. (Is a theory or not)
• “Modernist thinking is about search of an abstract truth of life; postmodernist thinkers believe that there is no universal truth, abstract or otherwise.” Postmodernist believe the power from hyper-reality and they get highly influenced by mass media. Slide21
How dıd modernısm and post modernısm change busıness decısıons?Slide22
Chaos theory
Paradigm for the 21 Century
Qualitative
Non-linearly and Feedback
Dynamical systemsSlide23
CHAOS THEORY
To understand chaos theory we need to understand Newton's Interrelated quantitative measurements
Randomness
Discreteness
DynamismSlide24
RANDOMNESS
Error
Whenever a measurement is made the will be some amount of error involved
Statistical analysis was developed in part to characterize such errors
Observed processes are too complex to measure in detail
Statistical analysis helps to show average tendenciesSlide25
dıscreteness
Always active
Most processes acting in the world today are continuous
Having incomplete knowledge of what is happening with systems between measurements
Series of events
Some systems are not continuous Slide26
dynamısm
Time is talked about mostly as a human perception
However, processes around us are actively evolving or changing in timeSlide27
Nonlınearly road to chaos
Nonlinearly in mathematics means that future values of a process depends on the past values of the same process
This can be referred to as feedback
Positive feedback means that if a process goes in one direction, nonlinear feedback makes it go that way even fasterSlide28
Usage of chaos theory
Predicting financial markets
Modelling of manufacturing systems
In a scenario where businesses operating in turbulent, complex and unpredictable environment chaos theory can be very valuable ;
Business strategy
Complex decision making
Social sciences
Stock market behaviourSlide29
QUESTIONS?