30 March 2017 5 th Annual Seminar Waste to Wealth Overview Waste management scenario in India What is plastic waste and plastic waste management PWM PWM value chain PWM technologies ID: 581539
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Slide1
Plastic Waste: Policies and Global practices – Challenges and Implementation
30 March, 2017
5
th
Annual
Seminar: Waste to WealthSlide2
Overview
Waste management scenario in India
What is plastic waste and plastic waste management (PWM)
PWM value chain
PWM technologies
PWM legislative framework
Informal sector role in PWM
Challenges of PWM
Best practices
OpportunitiesSlide3
Waste Management Scenario in India
Urbanization brings multifaceted
challenge related to urban
environment management
Urban
waste management is
key challenge being faced by ULBs
Waste Generation (Annual) – 42 million tons @ 1,15,000 TPDContribution of the 468 Class-I Cities – 82% (34 million tons)Plastic waste ~ 8.1 % of MSW generated Lifestyle change and estimated to increase by 8- 10% / year
MSW Characteristics in India (CPCB & NEERI, 2005)Slide4
Plastic Waste and Plastic Waste Management
Plastic
- A material
which contains essential ingredient
of
high polymer such as polyethylene terephthalate, high density polyethylene, Vinyl, low density polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene resins, multi-materials like acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polyphenylene oxide, polycarbonate, Polybutylene terephthalate; Plastic waste - Any plastic discarded after use or after their intended use is over. Plastic
waste management involves collection, storage, transportation, reduction, reuse, recovery, recycling and disposal of plastic waste in an environmentally safe manner.
PwC. Bales
of trash at a recycling
plant, Germany. 2017Slide5
Plastic Waste Management Value Chain in India
Solid waste
Mixed waste collected by ULB
Segregation of plastic waste
Material Recovery
RDF / Fluff
Waste to Energy
Plastic waste collected by rag picker
Scrap Buyer
Wholesaler
Assorter
Recycler
Trader
Plastic waste collected by Scrap buyer
Wholesaler
Assorter
Recycler
TraderSlide6
Plastic Waste Management TechnologiesSlide7
Plastic Waste Management Legislative Framework
GoI has
reviewed the existing rules and notified new “Plastic waste management rules, 2016” on 18th March,
2016
Key Features of Plastic Waste Management Rules
Increase in the minimum thickness of plastic carry bags from 40 to 50 microns
New rules bought Rural
areas and Plastic Importers under its purviewNew Rules are applicable to every waste generator; local body, Gram Panchayat, manufacturer, Importers and producerIntroduced plastic waste management fee through pre-registration of the producers, importers of plastic carry bags/multilayered packaging and vendors selling the same for establishing the waste management system.
Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR)
concept is introduced;
B
y
September 18, 2016 all producers shall work out modalities and for waste collection system based on EPR and establish a system for collecting back the plastic waste generated due to their
productsSlide8
Roles and Responsibilities of
Various A
gencies
Development and setting up of
infrastructure
.
Ensuring
segregation, collection, storage, transportation,
processing and disposal of plastic waste.
Channelization
of recyclable plastic waste fraction
to recyclers.
Engaging groups working with waste
pickers.
Setting
up of
system for PWM and seeking assistance from producers by March 2017.Framing bylaws incorporating PWM Rules, 2016.
Local BodyOperationalize and coordinate for waste management.Ensuring segregation, collection, storage, transportation and channelization
of recyclable plast fraction to recyclers.Creating awareness among stakeholders.Ensuring that open burying of plastic waste doesn't take place.
Gram PanchayatMinimize the generation of plastic waste.Segregated storage and handover of waste to local body.Institutional
generators to handover segregated wastes to authorised agenciesUser fee and charges paymentWaste Generator
Framing of modalities for waste collection system based on ‘Extended Producer Responsibility’ by Sep 2016.Establishing a system for collecting back the plastic waste generated and submit the plan to State PCB and implement the same by Mar 2018.Maintain records
of the person engaged in supply of raw material to manfacture carry bags or plastic sheets or plastic cover or multi-layered packaging. Producers, Importers, & Brand
OwnersSlide9
Initiatives in other states
Himachal Pradesh Sustainable Plastic Waste Management Plan
The Punjab State Plastic Carry Bags (Manufacture, Usage and Disposal) Control
Act
,
2005 - as amended in 2016
Haryana has identified 24 officers for dedicated implementation of plastic waste management rules - powers to penalize Slide10
Challenges of Plastic W
aste Management
Capacity
challenges:
Preparedness of ULBs and State Governments
14 states / UTs have not provided any information to CPCB about the implementation of PWM rules in 2014-15
Policy and regulatory framework No clear guidelines for issues for “Extended Producer Responsibility”
PWM rules 2016 doesn’t have clauses indicated implications to the noncompliance of the rules to the ULBs or the state governmentsInformal sector involvement in collection
15 lakh people are making living by recovering, sorting
and selling recycling materials in the
country
Shortage of the raw material is the major problem facing by the recycling industry
Immediate
need
to mainstream
the informal sector in the formal process of waste managementSlide11
Informal Sector Role in Plastic Waste Management
Alliance
of Indian Waste Pickers (AIW) estimates that there are close to
15 lakh waste pickers
in
India
Major role in the collection and aggregation
steps. Informal sector recycles ~ 56 % of recyclables generated in large cities and metros. Every ton per day of recyclables collected informally saves USD 500 (INR 24,500) to ULB per year and avoids the emission of 721 kg of CO2 per year (Annepu, 2012)
Informal sector contribution often goes unrecognized
.
Several ULBs and recycling industries are now
making efforts
towards organizing and integrating waste pickers in the formal waste management system.
Glenn
Losack
,
M.D. Rag Pickers in Mumbai. 2008.flickr.comSlide12
Best Practices
Since 1991, FKS
(Plastic Pipes Industry) has
organised a national collection scheme for plastic pipes in the Netherlands.
Offering
a complete environmental friendly service for
users
, from the factory to the graveDeveloping
a partnership with ULBs for the collection of materials; dedicated
FKS container into municipal container parks.
FKS Initiative to recycle plastic wastes, Netherlands
Landfill ban legislation
Separately collected films and bottles for mechanical
recycling
Mixed plastics separated from residual waste and shredder light residue is
utilised
in cement works and blast furnace (high calorific fraction) and pulp and
fibre industry (medium calorific fraction) Promoting plastics recovery (Packaging), AustriaEncouraged integrated approach to MSW – regional facility, combined treatment & sorting centre
and incineration plantDeveloped streams for recycling progressively Focus on household waste through curbside collection Recognised the importance of communication with public to increase quality of waste streams Promoting plastics recovery (Packaging), Belgium
Business of recycling discarded plastic bottles into polyester staple fibre Technologies specialised in converting PET bottles into polyester yarn – 18,000 tons / yearPolyester fibre produced is used
as packaging material for beverages, food products, pharmaceuticals, and consumer and industrial products etc. Plastic to Polyester Fibre, SilvasaIndustries in Netherlands has embraced EPR, under which they are collecting plastic waste free of costSlide13
Opportunities
56 lakh tonnes
of plastic waste generated per year
40
%
of plastic waste is not
being recycled (CPCB)
Daily addition to untreated plastic in Delhi is estimated at 275.6 tonnes, followed by Chennai (171.6 tonnes), Kolkata (170 tonnes) and Mumbai (163.2 tonnes)
CPCB has identified 20 cities where there is an immediate need to establish plastic waste recycling or treatment
centre
adjacent /nearby dumpsites
involving Municipal
Corporations & private recyclers in PPP mode. (Delhi, Chennai, Bangalore, Kolkata, Ahmadabad, Pune, Surat, Indore, Surat, Lucknow, Pune, Kanpur, Ahmedabad, Kolkata, Bangalore, Hyderabad , Chennai, Mumbai, Delhi, Coimbatore, Agra, Bhubaneswar, Visakhapatnam, Rajkot, Raipur, Aizawl, Port Blair,
Gangtok
,
Kavaratti
, Dwarka)Plastic waste management rules to boost the plastic recycling industry Slide14
Thank you
Nidish
Nair
Director
Government Reforms and Infrastructure Development (GRID)
PricewaterhouseCoopers Pvt Ltd (PwC)
n
idish.nair@in.pwc.com+91 9818064239Slide15
Construction of Polymer (Plastics) Coated Bitumen Road