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Slide1
CASE 2
This is an interactive module working through a case from history to diagnosis.
In “Slideshow” view, follow the hyperlinks into each lab/test and back to the main options. DO NOT SIMPLY CLICK THROUGH THE SLIDES USING FORWARD ARROWS AS YOU WILL GET LOST IN THE SYSTEM!!!! If you mistakenly click to the wrong slide, exit slideshow view and find your previous slide.
There will be questions following your correct diagnosis as well as a worksheet to turn in at the end of the module. Remember to keep track of your expenses for the worksheet.
CONTINUESlide2
History
An owner calls you about a beef heard of 100 head on wheat pasture with pond water. In last year, the owner purchased 30 new cows with calves at side. Natural breeding is used and the bulls are in pasture year round. At the last pregnancy check, the open rate was 50%. The cattle are vaccinated once a year with
Bovi-Sheild
4 and are dewormed. The cattle have constant access to mineral blocks. The owner is hoping to only spend $100 dollars to diagnose the reproductive problems of the herd.
Physical ExamSlide3
Physical Exam
You visit the farm and the herdsman has pulled out a 5 year old cow, a heifer, and the bull for exam.
Cow (524)Good body condition. TPR within normal limits. Palpated 100 day old fetus. PE otherwise within normal limits. Heifer (617)Good body condition. Slight mucous vaginal discharge. TPR within normal limits. Palpated open. PE otherwise within normal limits
Bull (427)
Good body condition. No evidence of lameness. Appears interested in cows. TPR within normal limits. Both testicles distended and do not appear swollen. PE otherwise within normal limits.
Test Options
Back to HistorySlide4
Test Options
CBC/Chemistry on serum from heifer
Bacterial cultures
Serology on serum from cow
Toxicology
Examination of sperm under scope
Tritrichomonas foetus
testing
Back to History
DiagnosisSlide5
CBC/Chemistry Panel
Submit whole blood for CBC/chemistry panel
-$100
Test Options
DiagnosisSlide6
CBC/Chemistry Panel
CBC/
Chem
Diagnosis
SPECIES Bovine
ANIMAL ID 617
SPECIMEN DESC Blood, clottedSlide7
Bacteriology
Submit Vaginal Swabs for Bacterial Culture
-$48
Submit vaginal swabs for Campylobacter sp. Culture -$30
Test Options
DiagnosisSlide8
Vaginal Cultures
Bacteriology
DiagnosisSlide9
Campylobacter sp. Cultures
Bacteriology
DiagnosisSlide10
Serology
Submit Clotted Blood for Neospora ELISA
-$8
Submit Clotted Blood for Brucella abortus Card -$4Submit Clotted Blood for BVD SN -$7
Submit Clotted Blood for IBR SN
-$7
Submit Clotted Blood for Leptospira Testing -$22
Test Options
DiagnosisSlide11
Neospora ELISA
Serology
DiagnosisSlide12
Brucella
abortus
Card
Serology
DiagnosisSlide13
BVD Serum-Neutralization
Serology
DiagnosisSlide14
IBR Serum-Neutralization
Serology
DiagnosisSlide15
Leptospira Testing
Serology
DiagnosisSlide16
Toxicology
Submit blood for Trace Mineral Panel
-$44
Test Options
DiagnosisSlide17
Trace Mineral Panel
ToxicologySlide18
Sperm Examination
Submit semen sample for microsopic examination
-$50
Test Options
DiagnosisSlide19
Sperm Examination
Test Options
Diagnosis
*Click picture for summary of semen exam.
There is an adequate number of sperm with no noticeable deformities and adequate motility. Slide20
Tritrichomonas
foetus
TestingSubmit preputial scraping in Trich pouch for Trichomonas testing -$38
Test Options
DiagnosisSlide21
Tritrichomonas Testing
Test Options
DiagnosisSlide22
Based on the laboratory findings, what is affecting the reproductive health of this herd?
Campylobacter
sp.
Escherichia coli
Herpesvirus (IBR)
Neospora
sp.
Tritrichomonas foetus
Test Options
Back to HistorySlide23
Correct!
Tritrichomonas
foetus is a flagellated protozoan that is known to cause infertility and spontaneous abortions in cattle.
Next Question
Slide24
Incorrect- Campylobacter sp.
Campylobacter
spp. (
Vibrio) is a common cause of infertility in cattle. In this case, the Campy cultures were negative making infection with this organism unlikely.
Test Options
Back to History
DiagnosisSlide25
Incorrect- E. coli
E. Coli is a common fecal contaminant that can be isolated from vaginal swabs. Isolation does not necessarily mean infection.
Test Options
Back to History
DiagnosisSlide26
Incorrect- IBR
Herpesvirus
testing was negative. Review the available tests.
Test Options
Back to History
DiagnosisSlide27
Incorrect- Neospora
sp.
Neospora
spp. Testing was negative. Review the available tests. Test Options
Back to History
DiagnosisSlide28
How long does
Tritrichomonas
infection last in females?
DaysWeeks
Months
Years
Continually sheddingSlide29
Correct!!
How long does
Tritrichomonas
infection persist in males?DaysWeeks
Months
Years
Continually sheddingSlide30
Incorrect
Try againSlide31
Correct!!!
Given this, how would you recommend the farmer address this problem?
Cull females
Cull males
Cull all
Treat females
Treat males
Treat allSlide32
Incorrect
Try again.Slide33
Correct!!!!
The only way to increase the reproductive efficiency of this herd is to cull the males. A thorough semen examination should be performed on all incoming males to prevent any further problems. Females only shed
Tritrichomonas
foetus for a short period of time. Females should remain isolated from new bulls until they have stopped shedding.
ContinueSlide34
Incorrect- Treat
Try again.
Treatment of
trichomoniasis is very difficult. Slide35
Incorrect- Cull
Try again.
Females only shed
Tritrichomonas foetus
for a short period of time. These females can be isolated. After shedding has stopped, the females can be introduced back in to reproductive program. Slide36
The End!!!
Please complete the associated worksheet for this case and turn in to the IORSlide37
Case Author
Brian Herrin
Oklahoma
State University- CVHS