CHALLENGES FACING THE WORLDS CITIES Some statistical data wwwunorg2014 Today 54 per cent of the worlds population lives in urban areas a proportion that is expected to increase ID: 766989
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CHALLENGES FACING THE WORLD’S CITIES
Some statistical data (www.un.org_2014) Today, 54 per cent of the world’s population lives in urban areas , a proportion that is expected to increase to 66 per cent by 2050. Tokyo remains the world’s largest city with 38 million inhabitants, followed by Delhi with 25 million, Shanghai with 23 million, and Mexico City, Mumbai and São Paulo , each with around 21 million inhabitants.
Why cities ? Why do you think are cities attractive for people to live in? What do cities offer people ?
KEY WORDS urban areas X rural areas ( adj ) slum areas squatter settlements urbanization (n) migrate (v) migration (n ) economic opportunities (n) developing ( adj ) developed under-developed countries
over population (n) resident (n): dweller homeless ( adj ) homelessness (n) shelter (n)
prosperity X poverty (n) being rich X being poor in equality (n) un equal ( adj ) un employment (n) un employed ( adj )
Environmental Challenges air pollution (n)respiratory illnesses ( adj ) heavy traffic ( adj ) smart growth environmentally smart cities
Target Vocabulary beg (v) to ask for as charity t o beg for help s/o’s forgiveness a favorHe begged me for help.beggar (n)
bury (v) to place in the ground; cover with earthconceal, coverThe treasure was buried on the island.
cemetery (n) burial ground, graveyarda cemetery for unknown or indigent people There was a small cemetery just outside the town.
homeless (adj ) displaced The homeless became a problem in the large cities . homelessness (n)
in equality (n) All animals are equal but some animals are more equal than others" [ George Orwell , Animal Farm ] A vicious circle of corruption leads to greater inequality which, in turn, facilitates greater levels of corruption .unequal (adj)
offer (v) t o present for acceptance or rejection give , invite t o offer a drink a suggestion workHe offered to take her home in a taxi.
poverty (n) The state of being poor, having little or no money According to the data provided by the State Institute of Statistics, one fifth of the child population live s below the poverty line in Turkey.(2013)
principle (n) a basic truth, law, or assumptionthe principles of quantum theory There exist certain fundamental principles of human rights .
respiratory ( adj) relating to respiration U pper respiratory infections are contagious and are spread from person to person. respiration (n) the action of inhaling and exhaling, breathing
similar (adj ) having qualities in common very much alike Is there a similar proverb in Japan ? Your handwriting is similar to mine. similarity (n)
tomb (n) A grave or other place of burial. What is learned in the cradle is carried to the tomb.
unique (adj ) being the only one of its kind , distinct , special His paintings were so unique as to require no signature for identification.
victim (n) a person who suffers misfortune victims of war victims of an epidemic victims of poverty ‘ You only get to be a victim once. After that, you are a volunteer.’