PDF-Conformations of Cycloalkanes

Cyclopropane Clhhihdfilidlbflii l as a hi g h d egree o f tors i ona l stra i n d ue to l arge num b er o f ec li ps i ng 495. FG s behave similarly in every molecule they are part of The chemistry of the organic molecule is defined by the function groups it contains brPage 3br Alkanes and Alkane Isomers Alkanes organic compounds with only CC and CH single bonds general Dihedral Angle for Ethane httpwww2chem ucalgarycaFlashethanehtml Torsional Strain strain increase in energy due to eclipsing groups eclipsed staggered Conformations of Propane brPage 3br Staggered conformations Energy vs Dihedral Angle for Propane D Conformational isomers can be shown using Newman Projections or Sawhorses Newman Projections The circle in the Newman projection represents the carboncarbon bond viewed one carbon in front of the other Bonds attached to the front carbon are shown by Dr. Clower. CHEM 2411. Spring 2014. McMurry. (8. th. ed.) sections . 3.5-3.7. , . 4.3-4.9. , 7.2, 7.6. Topics. Conformations . of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes. Unsaturation. Alkene . Stability. Molecular Model Kits. Most single bonds are freely rotating in solution at room temperature, with only very small barriers to free rotation.. Conformations. are the various shapes of a molecule that are available to a molecule by single bond rotations and other changes that do not involve bond-breaking.. Background technology and its application to drug discovery. Barrie Martin, . MedChem. ELRIG Drug Discovery . September 2012 Manchester. Key Facts. Spin-out from the University of Manchester, 2008. Bionow. Sources . and Uses of Alkanes. Petro. leum. , which literally means . rock . oil. is the main source of alkanes. Petroleum is a mixture of hundreds of hydrocarbons, mostly alkanes with varying numbers of carbons and varying degrees of branching. Cycloalkanes have higher boiling points, melting points, and densities than their straight-chain analogs.. Increased London forces are due to more rigid and symmetric cyclic systems.. The smaller cycloalkanes with an odd number of carbon atoms have lower melting points than expected compared to cycloalkanes with an even number of carbon atoms. This is attributed to crystal-packing forces between the two types of cycloalkanes.. Fall 2014. Dr. Sheppard. Conjugated Systems. Benzene . Commonly found in nature as pigments, hormones. Isoprene. Conjugated systems. Structure. Reactions. MO Theory. UV Spectroscopy. outline. Consider molecules with multiple double bonds…. Alkanes. Dr. . Shatha. I . Alaqeel. 1. 108 . Chem. Learning Objectives. Chapter one discusses the following topics and the student by the end of this chapter will:. . Know the classification of hydrocarbon. Daley & Daley:. Chapter 3. Molecular conformations. Conformations of Organic Molecules. 3.1 Alkane conformation. Staggered vs. eclipsed. Representations (2D & 3D). Energies. . 3.2 Cycloalkane conformations. The Structure of Alkanes. Nomenclature of Organic Compounds. Alkyl groups. Numbering the parent carbon chain. The root name is that of the longest continuous carbon chain (. parent carbon chain. ) . Groups attached to the main chain are called . Chapter. 4. Alkanes. and . Cycloalkanes. David Klein. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.. Klein, Organic Chemistry 2e . 4.1 Alkanes. Hydro. carbon. s – compounds that are only composed of . structures. . Arrow formalism & . m. olecular framework. Introduction to alkanes. . Isomers. . IUPAC naming of alkanes. . Alkyl halides & cycloalkanes. Functional groups: where the action is.