PPT-1. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

1 Alkanes and Cycloalkanes Hydrocarbons contain only carbon and hydrogen Saturated Contain only single bonds Alkanes C n H 2N 2 Cycloalkanes C n H 2N b. Dihedral Angle for Ethane httpwww2chem ucalgarycaFlashethanehtml Torsional Strain strain increase in energy due to eclipsing groups eclipsed staggered Conformations of Propane brPage 3br Staggered conformations Energy vs Dihedral Angle for Propane D Basic Structure and Nomenclature. Graphic: www.lab-initio.com. First Ten Alkanes. Formula. Name. Formula. Name. CH. 4. Methane. C. 6. H. 14. Hexane. C. 2. H. 6. Ethane. C. 7. H. 16. Heptane. C. 3. H. Welcome. Questions. 1. octet rule. Lewis dot structures. Covalent bond. In which main group do you find carbon? . E. lectronegativity. Electronegativity. See p. 85-86. Where to go for informations:. 4-5. Rings larger that cyclohexane have more strain.. Bond angle distortion. Partial eclipsing of hydrogens. Transannular. steric repulsions. Medium sized rings adopt several conformations that are very close in energies, such as . Alkanes. 240 . Chem. Chapter 2. 1. Hydrocarbons. 2. General Molecular Formula of Hydrocarbons. (Homologous Series) . 3. Carbon . Name . Molecular. Formula . Structural. Formula . 1. Methane . CH. 4. Alkanes. Chem. 108. Chapter 2. 1. 2. General Molecular Formula of Hydrocarbons. (Homologous Series) . C. n. H. 2n+2 . Saturated. Alkanes. (containing. a single ring). . C. n. H. 2n . Cycloalkanes. Cycloalkanes have higher boiling points, melting points, and densities than their straight-chain analogs.. Increased London forces are due to more rigid and symmetric cyclic systems.. The smaller cycloalkanes with an odd number of carbon atoms have lower melting points than expected compared to cycloalkanes with an even number of carbon atoms. This is attributed to crystal-packing forces between the two types of cycloalkanes.. t. Alkanes have only single, covalent, non-polar bonds. Alkanes are relatively inert to most chemical reagents. Alkanes are also called . paraffins. (“little affinity”). 1. Combustion Reaction. Mainly carbon and hydrogen atoms.. Many organic compounds occur naturally.. Thousands more can be synthesized by man.. Ch. 10: Organic Chemistry. Butane versus . NaCl. Inorganic. Organic. NaCl. , 58.5 g/mol. Organic Compounds: Alkanes and Their Stereochemistry. Organic Chemistry I. S. Imbriglio. Functional Groups. A . functional group. . is a group of atoms within a molecule that has a . ___________________________.. Introduction. Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbon, that is they contain only . carbon-hydrogen. (C-H) and . carbon-carbon. (C-C) single bonds. The general formula of alkane = C. n. H. 2n+2 . Where n is the number of carbon. The different uses of alkane compounds result from their physical properties, including their solubility and density.. The solid alkanes that make up waxy coatings on fruits and vegetables help retain moisture, inhibit mold, and enhance appearance.. Fourth Edition. Karen Timberlake. 11.1. Organic Compounds. Chapter 11. Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. Lectures. Organic Compounds. An . organic compound . 12.1 Organic and Inorganic Compounds Organic vs. Inorganic • Organic chemistry : Study of hydrocarbons (only carbon and hydrogen atoms) and their various derivatives. – Examples: natural gas, pe