A Question of Sustainability s ustainability ability to maintain a balance without depletion of resources EIESL Purposes of community norms are To engage sustain and deepen conversation ID: 309664
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Humanitarian Aid in Africa:A Question of Sustainability
sustain-ability: ability to maintain a balance without depletion of resources Slide2
EIESL Purposes of community norms are:
To engage, sustain and deepen conversation. Ensure safety even when participants may experience discomfort or disagreement. Support meaningful cross-cultural conversation.-Speak your truth
-Ethics is Messy
-Expect and Accept Non-Closure
THE ETHICS OF INTERNATIONAL ENGAGEMENT
AND SERVICE LEARNING PROJECTSlide3
ObjectivesUnderstand our motivations for helping
The history of aidHow do we benefit from being aid providers?Examine the +/- ways in which aid influences a community’s political, social and economic practices
Analysis contains key points proposed from the book
Dead AidDiscuss the lasting impact of our projects
Examine our community partnerships
what do they need from us?
Interactive activity
A new direction for sustainability
Visioning: how would it look?
Giver? Receiver? Sustainable?
Presentation Focus: to examine the implications of aid
and to consider the potential benefits and consequences
of it’s
perpetuance
Slide4
Sometimes there are more questions than answers…
Are we helping ourselves?Where does the notion of helping come from?
Who takes responsibility?
Are we helping others?
D
o we prioritize others’ needs over our own?
What if there is a better way?
Why isn’t aid working?
How did I become an expert?
What skills am I lacking?
Who sees the benefit? When?
Who is the giver?
Who is the receiver?
Choose a question that stands out.
You have a one minute free write to explain its significance to you personally.Slide5
History1960s – The Decade of Industrialization
1970s – The Shift to a Poverty Focus1980s – The Lost Age of Development1990s – A Question of Governance2000s – The Rise of Glamour AidSlide6
The “Scar” on the World’s Conscience
Africa’s per capita income is lower than in the 1970s, leaving people in the same level of poverty as 40 years ago700 million Africans live on less than $1 US dollar per daySub-Sarahan has the highest proportion of the world’s poor
~50%Life expectancy stagnated at ~ 50 years
High child mortality rates 1/7 children dies before the age of five
50% of the continent remains under non-democratic ruleSlide7
The Developed World’s Response:Aid
1. Humanitarian or Emergency Aid – aidmobilized and delivered in response tocalamities or catastrophes
2. Charity-based Aid – aid dispersed by charitable organizations to people or
organizations on the ground
3. Systematic Aid – aid payments made
directly to the government
Three types:Slide8
An African Economist’s Perspective
Dambisa
MoyoSlide9
The Potential Success of Aid
Proponents argue the Marshall Plan that dispersed aid to rebuild Europe proves aid can be successful.Past recipient countries of aid have advanced with economic success (i.e. China, Chile, Thailand, South Korea, Turkey, etc.)
3. Conditionalities allow for strategic programs of implementation (i.e. introducing widespread malaria nets)Slide10
The PotentialConsequences of Aid
1. Silent killer of growth creates a vicious cycle of dependency and economic suppression2. Corruption surrounding aid causes civil strife and prevents stable governments/ democratic rule3. Conditionalities
or “strings” attached to aid often impose cultural or social impracticalities. They can be damaging to current situations and often, due to corruption are ignored regardless. Slide11
Fitting in this idea of Sustainability
sustain-ability: ability to maintain a balance without depletion of resources
Unpacking the term
-What does sustainability mean to you?
-Why is this term loaded?Slide12
DiscussionIs Aid a Sustainable
Element of African Culture?Why or why not?
Things to consider:-UBC students engaging in ISL projects
are contributing resources (financial,time, work)-As ISL becomes more popular, more
students become involved in communities around the worldThis creates an awareness for the issues
that affect people and a need to continue“helping”
Interactive Activity
-We are going to split the table in half and have a debate!
-Five minutes to prepare
-Everyone to present 1.5-2 min
Argument
-2 minute rebuttal/questions
-1 minute closeSlide13
ConclusionThe best time to plant a tree is twenty years ago.
The second best time is now. -African proverb
-Aid continues to be an important aspect of development-The sustainability of its programs will largely depend on resources (people, money, time, energy) and the manner and consistency of how these resources are distributed