PPT-What were the Crusades?

A holy war carried out by Christian political and religious leaders to take control of the Holy land from the Muslims Crusades and Invasions Mongol armies invaded Russia Southwest Asia and China creating an empire Ottoman Turks conquered the Byzantine Empire. Pope Urban II. Rough chronology of Crusades. First Crusade . (1096 – 1102). Captures Jerusalem 1099.. Second Crusade . (1147 – 9). Led by Louis VII of France and Conrad III of Germany. . Third Crusade . "God wills it!". . That was the battle cry of the thousands of Christians who joined crusades to free the Holy Land from the Muslims.  From 1096 to 1270 there were eight major crusades. Only the First Crusade was successful from a Christian standpoint. . Aim/Goals:. What was the . causes . of the Crusades?. Do Now:. . (1) What is the definition of “monotheism?”. (2) Locate Jerusalem on your NYSTROM map. . Homework: . Create a poster or want ad for various groups in medieval Europe describing why they should join the Crusades. Be creative and . The Crusades - . Competing Religions. . . For Jews - city where King David ruled and where the great Temple had stood.. For Christians- city where Jesus had lived, preached, and been crucified. . For Muslims - where their leader, Mohammed, ascended into heaven . In 1093, Byzantine emperor asks for help fighting the Turks. Pope . Urban II . issues a call for a . Crusade—a “holy war”. Goals of the Crusades. Pope wants to reclaim . Jerusalem and reunite Christianity. The First Four . Crusades. First Crusade: 1095-99 call by Pope Urban II to retake Jerusalem. Established the Crusader States and successfully placed Jerusalem under Catholic control.. Second Crusade: 1147-49 campaign to retake the Edessa, a crusader state that was captured in 1144. HIST 3004. 8. /26/13. Terminology. What are the Crusades?. What’s a crusade?. What are some examples . of crusades?. Caped Crusaders…. What are the Crusades?. A series of conflicts conducted by Catholic Europeans against Muslims, pagans, heretics, and excommunicates beginning in 1095 and ending in 1291 (even though the crusading spirit lasted until 1798).. Christian or Not?. Reform. The Papacy led reform in the middle ages led by men like Gregory VII. Papacy became most powerful office in Europe. After Gregory, Pope’s such as Innocent III were not bishops but canon lawyers and experts in church government but still had exalted view of the office. centuries. a series of military campaigns against the infidels (nonbelievers). began with the urging of Pope Urban II in 1095 to reclaim the Holy Land. Pope Urban III Preaching a Crusade. The First Crusade. . That was the battle cry of the thousands of Christians who joined crusades to free the Holy Land from the Muslims.  From 1096 to 1270 there were eight major crusades. Only the First Crusade was successful from a Christian standpoint. . 11. th. Century CE, Western Europe began to grow in power and influence. Still less powerful than the Byzantines (Eastern Empire) and the Muslim . Empires. Relations . between Western Europe and the Byzantines . Huge expeditions that Roman Catholic Christians mounted in an effort to recapture Palestine, the land of Christian origins, and the holy city of Jerusalem from Muslim authorities. . The Crusades. Spiritual Revival. Military expeditions undertaken by European Christians to regain Holy Land from Muslims. Motives. Peasants . Were promised salvation to anyone killed on a crusade. Could escape manor life and the lord’s control. Their enemies. Consequences of the crusades. The crusaders’ armour. End of presentation. What were the Crusades?. The crusades were a series of religious wars between Muslims and Christians, beginning in 1096. They started when the Seljuk Turks invaded the Holy Land (Palestine). The Byzantine emperor wanted to recover this land by fighting in a holy war in the name of God..