/
Intake and Output Intake and Output

Intake and Output - PowerPoint Presentation

test
test . @test
Follow
540 views
Uploaded On 2015-10-26

Intake and Output - PPT Presentation

Allied Health amp Medicine Begin Class by reading Ch 215 in Red Book To maintain health the body must take in a certain amount of fluid each day Generally a healthy person needs to take in from 64 to 96 ounces of fluid per day ID: 172252

fluids recorded record output recorded fluids output record intake fluid measured urine column tube patient nurse irrigation noted correct

Share:

Link:

Embed:

Download Presentation from below link

Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Intake and Output" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.


Presentation Transcript

Slide1

Intake and Output

Allied Health & Medicine**Begin Class by reading Ch. 21:5 in Red BookSlide2

To maintain health,

the body must take in a certain amount of fluid each day

Generally, a healthy person needs to take in from 64 to 96 ounces of fluid per daySlide3

Fluid Balance

Fluid balance is maintaining equal input and output -- taking in and eliminating equal amounts of fluidsSlide4

Fluid volume excess

a surplus, an amount greater than that which is normal or that which is requiredSlide5

Fluid volume deficit

a reduction in body fluids – “dehydration”Slide6

Intake (Input)

Liquids a person drinksSemi-liquid foodsGelatinSoupIce cream

Pudding

Yogurt

(Nurses also figure IV solutions, medications, blood, etc.)Slide7

Output

UrineFeces (including diarrhea)Vomitus

(Nurses also figure blood loss, chest tube output, drainage tubes, etc.)Slide8

Input -Measurement

Know the sizes of the containers your facility usesConvert all measurements to milliliters (ml) Slide9

Output - Measurement

Always remember to protect yourself with the proper PPEKeep container level on a flat surface while measuring

Prevent splashing or spilling

If splashing is a risk: mask,goggles,& gown

After emptying contents into the toilet, rinse container and put it away

Remove gloves and wash handsSlide10

The diaper/adult brief trick

Weight of 1 US Gallon of water = approx. 8.35 lb (about 3.79 kg)One ounce of water weighs approx. one ounce.Slide11
Slide12

Common Conversions

15 drops = 1 ml = 1 cc1 teaspoon = 5ml = 5 cc1 tablespoon = 15 ml = 15 cc2 tablespoons = 1 oz = 30 ml = 30 cc1 cup = 8 oz = 240 ml = 240 cc

1 pint = 16 oz = 500 ml = 500 cc

1 quart = 32 oz = 1000 ml = 1000 ccSlide13

Specimen Hat

UrinalGraduateTraditional bed panFracture bed panSlide14

Intake

By Mouth: all fluids and foods that are liquid at room temp.Tube Feeding: Recorded as oral intake or a special column.Used for patients who are unable to swallow, the unconscious or comatose.

Solution contains all nutrients required by the body

and is more nourishing than IV feedings

Given through NG (

nasogastric

) or G (

gastrostomy

) tubeSlide15

Patient will be in a mid fowlers position during feeding and for 30-60 min following.

Make sure there are no kinks in tubing, caution is used when turning or positioning a patient, give frequent oral hygiene, notify nurse if alarm sounds…solution is not flowing…solution is low or emptyIV (Intravenous)

Fluids given into a vein

Includes blood units, plasma, and other solutionsSlide16

Irrigation

-fluids placed into tubes that have been inserted into the body.Any fluid removed after irrigation is not intakeIf nasogastric

tube is irrigated with 80

mL of solution and exact amount is drawn back out, this is not recorded as intake.

However, if 60

mL

is drawn back out, 20

mL

is recorded as irrigation intake

Measurement Is Responsibility of Nurse or other legally authorized team member. (IV, Irrigation, tube feeding)Slide17

Output

-refers to all fluids eliminated by patientBowel Movement (BM)Liquid BM measured and recordedSolid or formed BM is usually noted in remarks column or described under feces.

Nurse assistant may measure/record

EmesisMaterial vomited is measured and recorded

Color, type, and other facts are noted in remarks

Nurse assistant may measure/recordSlide18

Urine

All urine voided is measured and recordedUrine drained by catheter is measured and recordedNurse assistant may measure/record

Urine output of less than 30

mL per hour must be reportedIrrigation

Irrigation or suction drainage is measured and recorded

Drainage included from NG tube, chest tube, other tubes

Type, color, and other facts are noted in remarks column

Excess is recorded as output.Slide19

Records must be accurate

All amounts are measured in graduatesContainer made of plastic or stainless steelHas calibrations for milliliters/cubic centimeters and/or ounces on the sideSimilar to a measuring cup

Graduate should be held at eye level or placed on solid surface and viewed at eye level to accurately record amounts

Be careful adding or totalingTotals are for 8-hr and 24-hrSlide20

Recording I’s & O’s

Some agencies keep record at bedsideTeam members note I and O of patientRecord measurements on I and O record

At times, patients are taught to record I and O

Other agencies keep record in patient chartMeasurements are noted on a sheet of paper and reported.

Nurse, unit sec., or authorized team member records info on Is and Os.Slide21

Give careful instructions for I’s and O’s

Patient must inform healthcare worker when they drink fluidsCan recorded glasses of water or quantity remaining in a filled pitcher.Assistants must think about fluid intake every time a glass, cup , or water pitcher is removed from the room.

Amounts must be recorded if a guest brings in fluids.Slide22

Females: used a bed pan or specimen hat

Males: use a urinalPatients must not place toilet tissue or expel BMs into bedpan or urine collectorIf patients are given correct instructions, they can cooperate so accurate records can be maintained.Slide23

Standard Precautions

Includes Urine, emesis, liquid bowel movements, and drainage.Gloves must be worn when fluids are measured and discarded.Hands must be washed frequently and immediately after removal of gloves

If splashing or spraying of fluids is possible, a mask, eye protection, and a gown must be worn

Graduate must be used for one patient only, and discarded or sterilized when output is no longer measured.

Areas contaminated by body fluids must be wiped with a disinfectantSlide24

Basic principles for completing

I and O recordsUse a blue or black ink penFind correct timeFind correct column (oral intake, urine output)

Record correct amount

Recheck all entriesEnter observations: color, typesAll information for an 8-hr time period is recorded, total each column separately to calculate the 8 hr totalSlide25

When all 8-hr time periods have been totaled, add the 3 8-hr totals for each separate column

This gives a 24 hr totalSome charts are 24-hr without 8-hr incrementsRecheck all additionError: draw one red line through error, initial in red

Final check:

All entries correct, comments are noted in remarks column, addition is accurate, entries are neat and legible.