Ms Carmelitano The Neolithic Revolution The New Stone Age The Agricultural Revolution The shift from food gathering to food producing Began between 9000 5000 BCE Important Note ID: 550858
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Slide1
The Neolithic Revolution
Ms. CarmelitanoSlide2
The Neolithic Revolution
The “New Stone Age”
The Agricultural Revolution
The shift from “food gathering” to “food producing”
Began between 9000 – 5000 BCESlide3
Important Note
This was not one sudden “Revolution”
It was a slow change from hunter-gathering to farmingThese changes took place at different times all over the worldSlide4
Where it all Began
"Fertile Crescent"
in what is now modern
Iraq
A
crescent-shaped region
Contains moist
and fertile land
in otherwise
arid areaAgriculture and pastoralism diffused from Mesopotamia to Egypt, Western Europe and the Indus ValleySlide5
Causes of the Neolithic Revolution
Warmer Climate Change
Big game migrated to the
mountains,
limiting the food source
Longer growing season and drier land
This leads to a
population boom
Hunting and gathering could no longer support the population
Farming provides a steady source of foodSlide6
“Invention of Farming”Slide7
Effect of the NR:
1. New Farming Techniques
Slash and burn farming – cut trees and grasses and burned them to clear a field
The ashes fertilized the soil
Crops planted for a year or two and then moved to a new area so the grasses could grow back
Domestication of animals -
taming
Horses, cows, goats, pigs
Pastoral Nomads
They moved their animals to new pasture grounds and watering holesSlide8
Map of CropsSlide9
Effect of the NR:
2. Job Specialization
In Hunter-Gatherer clansevery person was required for hunting or gatheringIn sedentary societies, people could now have specialized jobs
Builders
Inventors/scientists
Artists – wove baskets, made pottery and jewelrySlide10
Effect of the NR:
3. The Economy
The establishment of traditional economies
An economy based on agriculture, manufacturing, and trade
The first social classes emerge as a result
Warrior, farmer, craftsman classes
Stratification between men and womenSlide11
Effect of the NR:
4. Metal Tools
Metal tools and weapons replaced stone tools Farming allows for job specializationSmiths could make innovations to tools
Useful to agriculture and herding
Metal farming tools were more efficient
Metal plow
Metal hoes and farm tools
Advanced tools
increased food production increases the population more job specialization more inventions to make life easierSlide12
Neolithic Ice Man
The Neolithic Ice Man
has given scientists evidence of Neolithic tools
He was found with:
a 6-foot long bow
14 arrows
a
stick with an antler tip for sharpening flint blades
a flint dagger
a copper ax
a medicine bagHe was found in the mountains between Austria and ItalySlide13
Effect of the NR:
5. New Diseases
Clans began to live in close quarters with animalsDisease became rampant
Smallpox, Tuberculosis, measles, influenza, malaria
The rat
Immunity
Introduction to
these
diseases
helped people develop immune systemsSlide14
Spread of Ideas
As nomadic clans passed through these new settlements, the ideas spread