Ms Carmelitano Recap How do we learn about the past Archaeology Archaeological digs Radiocarbon Dating The process of studying the decay of carbon14 to estimate the age of organic materials such as wood and leather up to about 58000 to 62000 years ID: 483273
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Slide1
The Neolithic Period: Early Villages
Ms.
CarmelitanoSlide2
Recap: How do we learn about the past
Archaeology
Archaeological digs
Radiocarbon Dating
: The process of studying the decay of carbon-14 to estimate the age of organic materials, such as wood and leather, up to about 58,000 to 62,000 years
Historians study the past by locating and analyzing:
Human remains
Settlements
Fossils
Artifacts
Tools
Bones
Cave paintingsSlide3
Development of Civilizations
The Neolithic Revolution lead to the development of
civilization
Sedentary life style
Specialized jobs
Government
Social Stratification (Social classes)
Development of
a Traditional EconomySlide4
Neolithic Villages
Aleppo and Jericho
Stonehenge
Catalhoyuk
Ur – in SumerSlide5
Aleppo and Jericho
Location: Fertile Crescent
Two of the earliest Neolithic Civilizations
Difficult to excavate because modern cities now sit on top of the sites
Walls of Jericho
Massive stone wall surrounding Jericho
Defense against floods and ceremonial purposes
Similar homes are evidence of city-planning
Result of job specializationSlide6Slide7
Stonehenge
Location: England
Construction began during the stone age, and completed during the Bronze Age
Through dating, discovered built over 6,500 years
Circular burial mound surrounds 50 “pi” shaped mega stones, and 43 smaller bluestones
Durringham
Settlement, 2 miles away, one of the largest Neolithic Settlements
4,000 peopleSlide8Slide9
Catalhoyuk
Currently under excavation in Anatolia
Rectangular, honey-combed homes are evidence of city- planning
Job specialization
Traded Obsidian – volcanic rock polished to look like glassSlide10Slide11
UR – in Sumer
Large scale irrigation ditches found
A trading city
Large temple – Ziggurat – located in the center of the city
Tiered, pyramid shape
“mountain of the Gods”
Simple one story houses with no windows
Earliest evidence of writing
Cuneiform
Number
system based on 60Slide12