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© Arthur Shelley 2012 under Creative Commons License. Ava - PowerPoint Presentation

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© Arthur Shelley 2012 under Creative Commons License. Ava - PPT Presentation

Metaphor use in Asia Enhance awareness and increase understanding through metaphor conversations Arthur Shelley RMIT Asia Forum August 8 2012 Metaphor Definitions and Examples A figure ID: 159967

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Slide1

© Arthur Shelley 2012 under Creative Commons License. Available for public use provided source is acknowledged. Permission of the author required for commercial use.

Metaphor use in Asia

Enhance awareness and increase understanding through metaphor conversations

Arthur Shelley

RMIT Asia Forum

August 8, 2012Slide2

Metaphor Definitions and Examples“A figure of speech in which a term or phrase is applied to something to which it is not literally applicable in order to suggest a

resemblance.”

“A mighty fortress is our God.” “Something used, or regarded as being used, to represent something else; emblem; symbol.”

Dictionary.com

“Time

is money” or “Argument is war” Lakoff and Johnston (1980) “The Art of War” http://www.military-quotes.com/Sun-Tzu.htm

© Arthur Shelley 2012 under Creative Commons License. Available for public use provided source is acknowledged. Permission of the author required for commercial use.

Slide3

Metaphor structure and purpose“All the world’s a stage,

And all the men and women merely players;

They have their exits and their entrances”William Shakespeare, in As

You Like

It

Metaphor is an analogy to use something familiar (the Vehicle) to develop understanding of something less familiar (the Tenor)Metaphor is a figure of speech to aid knowledge transfer and learning through simplification and comparison.

© Arthur Shelley 2012 under Creative Commons License. Available for public use provided source is acknowledged. Permission of the author required for commercial use.

Tenor

VehicleSlide4

Stories and Metaphor

are embedded into our cultures

© Arthur Shelley 2012 under Creative Commons License. Available for public use provided source is acknowledged. Permission of the author required for commercial use.

Christianity and the Bible

Australian Aboriginal culture & metaphoric creation dance

Buddhist Jataka Tales

Arabic culture, Koran, Bedouin culture…

Hindu Panchatantra stories

Jewish Talmud & Midrash

Chinese Cultural Teachings & ZodiacSlide5

© Arthur Shelley 2011 under Creative Commons License. Available for public use provided source is acknowledged. Permission of the author required for commercial use.

Lion

Aggressive

Command and Control

Territorial

Charismatic or ego-drivenLeads by fear

Zoo Leadership StylesSlide6

© Arthur Shelley 2011 under Creative Commons License. Available for public use provided source is acknowledged. Permission of the author required for commercial use.

Eagle

Inspirational

Above the mire

Great long range vision

Rapid action on opportunitiesGreat instinct

Strategic

Leads strategically with vision

Zoo Leadership StylesSlide7

© Arthur Shelley 2011 under Creative Commons License. Available for public use provided source is acknowledged. Permission of the author required for commercial use.

Choose your animal appropriately

Behaviour is YOUR choice

The more versatile you can be and the better you understand and relate to others, the more successful you will be.Slide8

However…Article addressing the effectiveness of metaphors that bridge the gap between a known concept and one that is new to the

learner, found that students from the majority culture

and those for whom English is a second language can misunderstand metaphors. To communicate

clearly

pay

special attention to the use of metaphors. One challenge to the nurse is effective communication, as the client may not yet have acquired the ability to understand common metaphors. The student who has been educated to be sensitive to these concerns will provide better care for these clients.Marilyn L. Weitzel, Effects of Metaphors for Asian and Majority-Culture Students. Home Health Care Management Practice December 2004 vol. 17 no. 1 14-21

© Arthur Shelley 2012 under Creative Commons License. Available for public use provided source is acknowledged. Permission of the author required for commercial use.

Slide9

Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions© Arthur Shelley 2012 under Creative Commons License. Available for public use provided source is acknowledged. Permission of the author required for commercial use.

http://geert-hofstede.com/national-culture.htmlSlide10

Behavioural DNA perspectives© Arthur Shelley 2011 under Creative Commons License. Available for public use provided source is acknowledged. Permission of the author required for commercial use.

Positive contribution

Negative contribution

Asian Police?Slide11

Cultural perceptions…“East”

“Ultimate being”

Can mean “Death”Reliability,persistence

© Arthur Shelley 2012 under Creative Commons License. Available for public use provided source is acknowledged. Permission of the author required for commercial use.

“West”

Evil icon to be slain

Usually Knowledge

Stupidity,

stubborn

Highlight differences in cultural perceptions to increase richness of interactions Slide12

Positively influencing outcomes through metaphor based interactions

© Arthur Shelley 2012 under Creative Commons License. Available for public use provided source is acknowledged. Permission of the author required for commercial use.

Metaphoric reflective conversationsSlide13

© Arthur Shelley 2009 under Creative Commons License. Available for public use provided source is acknowledged. Permission of the author required for commercial use.

Reflective Impact DiarySlide14

ConclusionsMetaphor is a powerful tool to stimulate conversations about behaviour and behavioural differences and interactionsReflective conversations stimulated using animals metaphor can work well across cultures PROVIDED the facilitator is sensitive to different cultural perceptions and interpretations

Discussing such differences enhances the richness of the interaction and the development of mutual understanding across participants

© Arthur Shelley 2012 under Creative Commons License. Available for public use provided source is acknowledged. Permission of the author required for commercial use. Slide15

© Arthur Shelley 2011 under Creative Commons License. Available for public use provided source is acknowledged. Permission of the author required for commercial use.

Contact

Arthur Shelleyarthur@organizationalzoo.com

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www.organizationalzoo.com/profiler

Insights into behaviourswww.organizationalzoo.com/blog www.organizationalzoo.com/ZooTube

Consulting and mentoring

www.intelligentanswers.com.au

Ph +61 413 047 408

@Metaphorage

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