Chapter 2 Public Fire Prevention Organizations and
Description: Chapter 2 Public Fire Prevention Organizations and Functions Objectives (1 of 2) At the conclusion of this chapter you will be able to: Discuss the role of federal, state, and local governments in the prevention of fires and the reduction
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slide1. Chapter 2 Public Fire Prevention Organizations and Functions<br>
slide2. Objectives (1 of 2) At the conclusion of this chapter you will be able to:
Discuss the role of federal, state, and local governments in the prevention of fires and the reduction in fire deaths and injuries.
Contrast the roles among the three levels of government in the prevention of fires.
Name the watershed federal fire programs and describe the events or national conditions that led to their creation.<br>
slide3. Objectives (2 of 2) At the conclusion of this chapter you will be able to:
List the fire prevention functions performed by traditional fire prevention bureaus and describe nontraditional systems for delivery of those services.
List the federal agencies involved in fire prevention and describe their missions and programs.<br>
slide4. Introduction OVERVIEW
Jobs, the economy, and public spending are all threatened by hostile fires
Both public and private organizations are involved in the prevention of fires
World War II saw a massive fire prevention effort
“Get in the Scrap” campaigns
Fear underlying daily life<br>
slide5. Organizations with the Mission of Fire Prevention (1 of 3) TRADITIONAL FIRE PREVENTION BUREAUS
Bulk of prevention activity
Local fire departments
Local fire prevention bureaus Courtesy of Jeremy Luttrell.<br>
slide6. Organizations with the Mission of Fire Prevention (2 of 3) TRADITIONAL FIRE PREVENTION BUREAUS
Fire prevention education
Early in the 20th century
1911: Fire Prevention Week begins
National Board of Fire Underwriters
1930: First model fire prevention code<br>
slide7. Organizations with the Mission of Fire Prevention (3 of 3) NONTRADITIONAL FIRE PREVENTION BUREAUS
Not all departments have fire prevention bureaus
Imperial Foods
Processing plant fire
Lack of enforcement of codes
Traditional fire prevention functions
Shifted to other agencies<br>
slide8. State Fire Prevention and Protection Programs
(1 of 3) OVERVIEW
The Commonwealth of Massachusetts
State officials investigate fires
Regulate fire waste
State and territorial governments
Code development
Inspection
Engineering services
Fire investigation services<br>
slide9. State Fire Prevention and Protection Programs
(2 of 3) OVERVIEW
Location of state fire prevention offices varies
Insurance bureaus
Fire service training agencies
Forestry departments
Law enforcement agencies<br>
slide10. State Fire Prevention and Protection Programs
(3 of 3) STATE FIRE TRAINING PROGRAMS
State training organizations
Often not associated with fire marshal’s office
Some located within state universities
May be independent agencies
Training
Fundamental element<br>
slide11. Fire Prevention Efforts of the Federal Government (1 of 3) OVERVIEW
Early 20th century: Research and fire tests
Reduce fire threat to government institutions
Established a Bureau of Standards fire research lab
Engineering data for building codes
Reduce construction costs
Protection against fires and earthquakes<br>
slide12. Fire Prevention Efforts of the Federal Government (2 of 3) CATALYSTS FOR FEDERAL FIRE PREVENTION PROGRAMS
1904: Fire on the grounds of the Bureau of Standards
Led to creation of National Institute for Standards and Technology
Hoses could not be coupled
1920: National Fire Prevention Day Proclamation
1922: First Fire Prevention Week
1941: National Bureau for Industrial Protection
1945: Presidential Conference on Fire Prevention<br>
slide13. Fire Prevention Efforts of the Federal Government (3 of 3) PRESIDENT TRUMAN’S FIRE PREVENTION CONFERENCE
Results
Thirty-four governors set up committees
Eighteen states held their own conferences
Fire commissions established
Codes adopted by states
Draft model statute developed
Permitting adoption of model codes<br>
slide14. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (1 of 21) OVERVIEW
1974: Public Law 93-478
Federal Fire Prevention and Control Act
Reduce fire threat to general public
Federal focus with state and local responsibilities<br>
slide15. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (2 of 21) NATIONAL COMMISSION ON FIRE PREVENTION AND CONTROL
1968: Fire Research Safety Act
Twenty-four-member panel
Appointed by Richard Nixon
Commission findings
More emphasis on fire prevention
Better training and education
Increased regulation of materials and products
Creation of the U.S. Fire Administration (USFA)<br>
slide16. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (3 of 21) UNITED STATES FIRE ADMINISTRATION
Public education
Training
Technology, testing, and research
Data collection, analysis, and dissemination Courtesy of the National Emergency Training Center.<br>
slide17. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (4 of 21) UNITED STATES FIRE ADMINISTRATION
USFA Public Education Programs
USFA Training Programs Courtesy of the National Emergency Training Center.<br>
slide18. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (5 of 21) UNITED STATES FIRE ADMINISTRATION
USFA Fire Safety Technology Programs
USFA Data Collection, Analysis, and Dissemination<br>
slide19. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (6 of 21) UNITED STATES FIRE ADMINISTRATION
Fire and Emergency Services Higher Education (FESHE) Program Courtesy of U.S. Fire Administration.<br>
slide20. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (7 of 21) NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY (NIST)
Center for Fire Research
Building and Fire Research Laboratory (BFRL)
Extensive testing and research
Building materials performance
Fire service technologies
Fire loss reduction<br>
slide21. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (8 of 21) NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF
STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY
(NIST) Official contribution of the National Institute of Standards and Technology; not subject to copyright in the United States.<br>
slide22. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (9 of 21) NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY (NIST)
National Construction Safety Team Act
Authorized NIST to investigate building failures
Fires
Tornados
Hurricanes
Large-assembly occupancies<br>
slide23. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (10 of 21) BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS, AND EXPLOSIVES
Regulation
Tax collection
Arson and Explosives National Repository
National Integrated Ballistic Information Network<br>
slide24. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (11 of 21) BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS, AND EXPLOSIVES
Investigates arson and bombings
Certified Fire Investigator (CFI) program
Scientific engineering
Technology
Office of Training and Development
State agencies
Local agencies Courtesy of Duane Perry.<br>
slide25. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (12 of 21) NATIONAL INTERAGENCY FIRE CENTER
Historically, significant property loss, death, and injury occurred from wildland fires
Peshtigo
Hinckley<br>
slide26. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (13 of 21) NATIONAL INTERAGENCY FIRE CENTER © James Peacock/Emporis Images. © James Peacock/Emporis Images.<br>
slide27. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (14 of 21) NATIONAL INTERAGENCY FIRE CENTER
1965: Formed in Boise, Idaho
Cooperative effort among several agencies
Members of the National Wildfire Coordinating Group (NWCG)
1998: NWCG report
Suppression costs and the human toll
Fire prevention programs<br>
slide28. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (15 of 21) U.S. CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION (CPSC)
Independent regulatory agency
Protects the public
Responsible for:
Developing standards
Conducting research
Informing and educating the public
Recalling unsafe products<br>
slide29. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (16 of 21) DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT (HUD)
Maintain minimum property standards (MPS)
Federally backed mortgages require homes built to MPS
Ensures construction standards
Quality
Safety
Durability<br>
slide30. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (17 of 21) DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE (DOD)
Protect the assets of the U.S. military
Fire protection personnel at installations Courtesy of Chief Donald Warner.<br>
slide31. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (18 of 21) DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE (DOD)
Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC)
Most current codes and standards
Distributed electronically
Updated regularly<br>
slide32. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (19 of 21) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION (OSHA)
1971: Occupational Safety and Health Act
Mission: workplace safety
Issues standards for fire and explosion hazards
Fire brigade staffing, training, and operation
Respiratory protection regulation
Two-in/two-out structural firefighting mandate<br>
slide33. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (20 of 21) CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION (CDC)
High-risk communities
Fire safety education
Smoke alarm installation
Maintains statistics of fire deaths and injuries
Develops public education programs<br>
slide34. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (21 of 21) OTHER FEDERAL AGENCIES
NASA
Extensive research
Aviation-related issues
Nomex
Other federal agencies involved
Department of State
Veterans Administration<br>
slide35. Summary (1 of 2) Both public (government) and private organizations are involved in fire prevention.
The majority of fire prevention activities in the United States are performed by local fire departments and fire prevention bureaus.
Fire prevention is traditionally considered the responsibility of the states and their political subdivisions.
America Burning was the catalyst for the creation of the United States Fire Administration (USFA), the National Fire Academy, and the National Fire Data Center, and for federal focus on fire research for fire fighter safety.<br>
slide36. Summary (2 of 2) The National Construction Safety Team (NCST) Act authorized the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to investigate building failures.
The Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) has had a significant fire safety impact in residential and healthcare occupancies.
Many other federal agencies are either involved in fire research or have extensive fire prevention programs, including:
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Department of State
Veterans Administration (VA)<br>
slide2. Objectives (1 of 2) At the conclusion of this chapter you will be able to:
Discuss the role of federal, state, and local governments in the prevention of fires and the reduction in fire deaths and injuries.
Contrast the roles among the three levels of government in the prevention of fires.
Name the watershed federal fire programs and describe the events or national conditions that led to their creation.<br>
slide3. Objectives (2 of 2) At the conclusion of this chapter you will be able to:
List the fire prevention functions performed by traditional fire prevention bureaus and describe nontraditional systems for delivery of those services.
List the federal agencies involved in fire prevention and describe their missions and programs.<br>
slide4. Introduction OVERVIEW
Jobs, the economy, and public spending are all threatened by hostile fires
Both public and private organizations are involved in the prevention of fires
World War II saw a massive fire prevention effort
“Get in the Scrap” campaigns
Fear underlying daily life<br>
slide5. Organizations with the Mission of Fire Prevention (1 of 3) TRADITIONAL FIRE PREVENTION BUREAUS
Bulk of prevention activity
Local fire departments
Local fire prevention bureaus Courtesy of Jeremy Luttrell.<br>
slide6. Organizations with the Mission of Fire Prevention (2 of 3) TRADITIONAL FIRE PREVENTION BUREAUS
Fire prevention education
Early in the 20th century
1911: Fire Prevention Week begins
National Board of Fire Underwriters
1930: First model fire prevention code<br>
slide7. Organizations with the Mission of Fire Prevention (3 of 3) NONTRADITIONAL FIRE PREVENTION BUREAUS
Not all departments have fire prevention bureaus
Imperial Foods
Processing plant fire
Lack of enforcement of codes
Traditional fire prevention functions
Shifted to other agencies<br>
slide8. State Fire Prevention and Protection Programs
(1 of 3) OVERVIEW
The Commonwealth of Massachusetts
State officials investigate fires
Regulate fire waste
State and territorial governments
Code development
Inspection
Engineering services
Fire investigation services<br>
slide9. State Fire Prevention and Protection Programs
(2 of 3) OVERVIEW
Location of state fire prevention offices varies
Insurance bureaus
Fire service training agencies
Forestry departments
Law enforcement agencies<br>
slide10. State Fire Prevention and Protection Programs
(3 of 3) STATE FIRE TRAINING PROGRAMS
State training organizations
Often not associated with fire marshal’s office
Some located within state universities
May be independent agencies
Training
Fundamental element<br>
slide11. Fire Prevention Efforts of the Federal Government (1 of 3) OVERVIEW
Early 20th century: Research and fire tests
Reduce fire threat to government institutions
Established a Bureau of Standards fire research lab
Engineering data for building codes
Reduce construction costs
Protection against fires and earthquakes<br>
slide12. Fire Prevention Efforts of the Federal Government (2 of 3) CATALYSTS FOR FEDERAL FIRE PREVENTION PROGRAMS
1904: Fire on the grounds of the Bureau of Standards
Led to creation of National Institute for Standards and Technology
Hoses could not be coupled
1920: National Fire Prevention Day Proclamation
1922: First Fire Prevention Week
1941: National Bureau for Industrial Protection
1945: Presidential Conference on Fire Prevention<br>
slide13. Fire Prevention Efforts of the Federal Government (3 of 3) PRESIDENT TRUMAN’S FIRE PREVENTION CONFERENCE
Results
Thirty-four governors set up committees
Eighteen states held their own conferences
Fire commissions established
Codes adopted by states
Draft model statute developed
Permitting adoption of model codes<br>
slide14. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (1 of 21) OVERVIEW
1974: Public Law 93-478
Federal Fire Prevention and Control Act
Reduce fire threat to general public
Federal focus with state and local responsibilities<br>
slide15. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (2 of 21) NATIONAL COMMISSION ON FIRE PREVENTION AND CONTROL
1968: Fire Research Safety Act
Twenty-four-member panel
Appointed by Richard Nixon
Commission findings
More emphasis on fire prevention
Better training and education
Increased regulation of materials and products
Creation of the U.S. Fire Administration (USFA)<br>
slide16. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (3 of 21) UNITED STATES FIRE ADMINISTRATION
Public education
Training
Technology, testing, and research
Data collection, analysis, and dissemination Courtesy of the National Emergency Training Center.<br>
slide17. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (4 of 21) UNITED STATES FIRE ADMINISTRATION
USFA Public Education Programs
USFA Training Programs Courtesy of the National Emergency Training Center.<br>
slide18. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (5 of 21) UNITED STATES FIRE ADMINISTRATION
USFA Fire Safety Technology Programs
USFA Data Collection, Analysis, and Dissemination<br>
slide19. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (6 of 21) UNITED STATES FIRE ADMINISTRATION
Fire and Emergency Services Higher Education (FESHE) Program Courtesy of U.S. Fire Administration.<br>
slide20. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (7 of 21) NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY (NIST)
Center for Fire Research
Building and Fire Research Laboratory (BFRL)
Extensive testing and research
Building materials performance
Fire service technologies
Fire loss reduction<br>
slide21. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (8 of 21) NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF
STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY
(NIST) Official contribution of the National Institute of Standards and Technology; not subject to copyright in the United States.<br>
slide22. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (9 of 21) NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY (NIST)
National Construction Safety Team Act
Authorized NIST to investigate building failures
Fires
Tornados
Hurricanes
Large-assembly occupancies<br>
slide23. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (10 of 21) BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS, AND EXPLOSIVES
Regulation
Tax collection
Arson and Explosives National Repository
National Integrated Ballistic Information Network<br>
slide24. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (11 of 21) BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS, AND EXPLOSIVES
Investigates arson and bombings
Certified Fire Investigator (CFI) program
Scientific engineering
Technology
Office of Training and Development
State agencies
Local agencies Courtesy of Duane Perry.<br>
slide25. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (12 of 21) NATIONAL INTERAGENCY FIRE CENTER
Historically, significant property loss, death, and injury occurred from wildland fires
Peshtigo
Hinckley<br>
slide26. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (13 of 21) NATIONAL INTERAGENCY FIRE CENTER © James Peacock/Emporis Images. © James Peacock/Emporis Images.<br>
slide27. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (14 of 21) NATIONAL INTERAGENCY FIRE CENTER
1965: Formed in Boise, Idaho
Cooperative effort among several agencies
Members of the National Wildfire Coordinating Group (NWCG)
1998: NWCG report
Suppression costs and the human toll
Fire prevention programs<br>
slide28. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (15 of 21) U.S. CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION (CPSC)
Independent regulatory agency
Protects the public
Responsible for:
Developing standards
Conducting research
Informing and educating the public
Recalling unsafe products<br>
slide29. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (16 of 21) DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT (HUD)
Maintain minimum property standards (MPS)
Federally backed mortgages require homes built to MPS
Ensures construction standards
Quality
Safety
Durability<br>
slide30. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (17 of 21) DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE (DOD)
Protect the assets of the U.S. military
Fire protection personnel at installations Courtesy of Chief Donald Warner.<br>
slide31. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (18 of 21) DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE (DOD)
Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC)
Most current codes and standards
Distributed electronically
Updated regularly<br>
slide32. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (19 of 21) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION (OSHA)
1971: Occupational Safety and Health Act
Mission: workplace safety
Issues standards for fire and explosion hazards
Fire brigade staffing, training, and operation
Respiratory protection regulation
Two-in/two-out structural firefighting mandate<br>
slide33. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (20 of 21) CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION (CDC)
High-risk communities
Fire safety education
Smoke alarm installation
Maintains statistics of fire deaths and injuries
Develops public education programs<br>
slide34. Federal Agencies Involved in Fire Protection (21 of 21) OTHER FEDERAL AGENCIES
NASA
Extensive research
Aviation-related issues
Nomex
Other federal agencies involved
Department of State
Veterans Administration<br>
slide35. Summary (1 of 2) Both public (government) and private organizations are involved in fire prevention.
The majority of fire prevention activities in the United States are performed by local fire departments and fire prevention bureaus.
Fire prevention is traditionally considered the responsibility of the states and their political subdivisions.
America Burning was the catalyst for the creation of the United States Fire Administration (USFA), the National Fire Academy, and the National Fire Data Center, and for federal focus on fire research for fire fighter safety.<br>
slide36. Summary (2 of 2) The National Construction Safety Team (NCST) Act authorized the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to investigate building failures.
The Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) has had a significant fire safety impact in residential and healthcare occupancies.
Many other federal agencies are either involved in fire research or have extensive fire prevention programs, including:
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Department of State
Veterans Administration (VA)<br>